Sign in to use this feature.

Years

Between: -

Subjects

remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline

Journals

Article Types

Countries / Regions

Search Results (24)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = atrophic ridge

Order results
Result details
Results per page
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
15 pages, 602 KiB  
Review
Advances in Synthetic Polymer Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration in Dental Implants: A Scoping Review
by Belén Lima-Sánchez, María Baus-Domínguez, María-Angeles Serrera-Figallo and Daniel Torres-Lagares
J. Funct. Biomater. 2025, 16(5), 149; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16050149 - 22 Apr 2025
Viewed by 333
Abstract
Background: Different approaches are proposed for bone volume gain in the case of atrophic alveolar ridges, with guided bone regeneration (GBR) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) being the most used techniques. These techniques require the placement of barrier membranes, which is the main [...] Read more.
Background: Different approaches are proposed for bone volume gain in the case of atrophic alveolar ridges, with guided bone regeneration (GBR) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) being the most used techniques. These techniques require the placement of barrier membranes, which is the main element of the bone growth strategy, among which there is a wide range depending on their origin or degradation. This literature review aims to provide an update on the latest advances in polymeric membranes of synthetic origin currently used in bone regeneration. Materials and Methods: Two bibliographic searches were carried out in the PubMed (MEDLINE) and Scopus databases using a search strategy in which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Results: For the selection of articles, the PRISMA guide flow chart was followed, and after a selection process, 11 articles were analyzed based on the characteristics of the marketed membranes and the results obtained after their use. Conclusions: It can be concluded that polymeric membranes play a fundamental role in guided bone regeneration, providing an effective barrier that facilitates bone growth and improves the success of dental implantology treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering)
Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 7292 KiB  
Article
A New Approach for Reconstruction of Severe Horizontal Atrophy of the Posterior Mandible Using “The Honeycomb Technique”: A 10–14 Year Follow-Up Retrospective Study
by Fares Kablan
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(7), 2246; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072246 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 221
Abstract
Background: Autogenous bone grafting has long been the standard for augmenting bone prior to implant placement in atrophic ridges. However, innovative techniques are continually sought to enhance outcomes. This study introduces the honeycomb technique for horizontal bone augmentation in edentulous posterior mandibular [...] Read more.
Background: Autogenous bone grafting has long been the standard for augmenting bone prior to implant placement in atrophic ridges. However, innovative techniques are continually sought to enhance outcomes. This study introduces the honeycomb technique for horizontal bone augmentation in edentulous posterior mandibular ridges, presenting the methodology and long-term follow-up results of this novel approach. Methods: This study includes healthy patients with moderate to severe horizontal atrophy in posterior mandibular regions who underwent bone augmentation using the honeycomb technique and were followed up for a period of 10 to 14 years. The patients had orthoradiographs immediately post-surgery and underwent regular clinical and radiographic evaluations. Computed tomography at four months assessed the bone gain, followed by reentry for implant insertion and evaluation of the bone volume and quality. Fixed prosthesis-supported dental implants were placed four months post-insertion. The survival and success of the dental implants were evaluated based on the acceptable clinical and radiographic criteria. Results: A cohort of 23 patients (17 women, 6 men, mean age 47 years) underwent bone augmentation at 39 sites, with follow-up ranging from 10 to 14 years. The procedure demonstrated a 95–100% success rate with minimal morbidity and horizontal bone gain averaging 3–8 mm. Partial graft exposure occurred in two cases but was successfully managed without compromising augmentation. A total of 103 implants were placed in the augmented sites in 37 sites. The long-term survival of the dental implants was confirmed based on clinical and radiographic evaluation, with minimal marginal bone loss observed during the extended follow-up period. Conclusions: The honeycomb technique proves effective in horizontal bone augmentation of atrophic ridges in posterior mandibular defects. The satisfactory long-term outcomes validate its potential as a valuable addition to bone augmentation strategies preceding implant placement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Developments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 4736 KiB  
Article
Development of Semi-Automated Image-Based Analysis Tool for CBCT Evaluation of Alveolar Ridge Changes After Tooth Extraction
by Anja Heselich, Joanna Śmieszek-Wilczewska, Louisa Boyo, Robert Sader and Shahram Ghanaati
Bioengineering 2025, 12(3), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12030307 - 18 Mar 2025
Viewed by 342
Abstract
Following tooth extraction, the bone structure is prone to atrophic changes. Alveolar ridge resorption can compromise subsequent implant treatment not only at the extraction site itself but also by affecting the bone support of adjacent teeth. Various techniques, including the use of bone [...] Read more.
Following tooth extraction, the bone structure is prone to atrophic changes. Alveolar ridge resorption can compromise subsequent implant treatment not only at the extraction site itself but also by affecting the bone support of adjacent teeth. Various techniques, including the use of bone graft materials or autologous blood concentrates for ridge or socket preservation, aim to counteract this process. The efficacy of such methods can be evaluated non-invasively through radiological analysis of the treated region. However, existing radiological evaluation methods often focus only on isolated areas of the extraction socket, limiting their accuracy in assessing overall bone regeneration. This study introduces a novel, non-invasive, and semi-automated image-based analysis method that enables a more comprehensive evaluation of bone preservation using CBCT data. Developed with the open-source software “Fiji” (v2.15.0; based on ImageJ), the approach assesses bone changes at multiple horizontal and vertical positions, creating a near three-dimensional representation of the resorptive process. By analyzing the entire region around the extraction socket rather than selected regions, this method provides a more precise and reproducible assessment of alveolar ridge preservation. Although the approach requires some processing time and focuses exclusively on radiological evaluation, it offers greater accuracy than conventional methods. Its standardized and objective nature makes it a valuable tool for clinical research, facilitating more reliable comparisons of different socket preservation strategies. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 6307 KiB  
Article
The TACOS Technique: A Stepwise Protocol for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation Using Customized Titanium Mesh
by Mauro Merli, Luca Aquilanti, Marco Merli, Giorgia Mariotti and Giorgio Rappelli
Medicina 2025, 61(1), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61010058 - 2 Jan 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1246
Abstract
Background: Alveolar ridge resorption following tooth loss poses a significant challenge for successful dental implant placement. In cases of severe atrophy, bone augmentation is required to restore sufficient bone volume. This technical note outlines a detailed, stepwise surgical protocol for horizontal and vertical [...] Read more.
Background: Alveolar ridge resorption following tooth loss poses a significant challenge for successful dental implant placement. In cases of severe atrophy, bone augmentation is required to restore sufficient bone volume. This technical note outlines a detailed, stepwise surgical protocol for horizontal and vertical alveolar ridge augmentation using customized titanium mesh. Materials and Methods: The procedure includes precise mesh fitting, autologous bone grafting, and the application of bioactive agents to promote bone regeneration. Emphasis is placed on the technique’s feasibility, predictability, and the critical steps necessary for preventing complications. Results: The use of customized mesh ensures stability and improved bone regeneration outcomes, enabling clinicians to achieve successful implant placement even in severely atrophic ridges. Conclusions: The described protocol has demonstrated predictable results in both clinical and radiographic evaluations, offering an effective solution for complex bone augmentation cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 8101 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Success of Dental Implants in Atrophic Maxillae: A 3-Year Case Series Using Hydroxyapatite and L-PRF
by Marco Andre Lomba Alves, Jakson Both, Carlos Fernando Mourão, Bruna Ghiraldini, Fabio Bezerra, Jose Mauro Granjeiro, Suelen Cristina Sartoretto and Monica Diuana Calasans-Maia
Bioengineering 2024, 11(12), 1207; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11121207 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1152
Abstract
Dental implants are essential for the prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous patients, requiring adequate bone volume and density for osseointegration and load support. The posterior region of the maxilla, commonly deficient in bone quality and quantity, represents a clinical challenge. This case series reports [...] Read more.
Dental implants are essential for the prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous patients, requiring adequate bone volume and density for osseointegration and load support. The posterior region of the maxilla, commonly deficient in bone quality and quantity, represents a clinical challenge. This case series reports an analysis involving 69 dental implants in the atrophic maxilla of nine patients. The procedures adopted combined alloplastic hydroxyapatite grafting and leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) applied to the alveolar ridge and maxillary sinus lift. With an average follow up of three years after the installation of the prostheses, an implant success rate of 98.5% was observed, showing integration and functional stability. The strategy of combining hydroxyapatite with L-PRF proved to be effective in increasing bone volume and promoting osseointegration. These findings indicate that the technique and biomaterials are viable for rehabilitating atrophic maxillae in the posterior region, offering long-lasting clinical results and a high success rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Bone Repair and Regeneration)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

23 pages, 2613 KiB  
Systematic Review
Survival Rates of Short Dental Implants (≤6 mm) Used as an Alternative to Longer (>6 mm) Implants for the Rehabilitation of Posterior Partial Edentulism: A Systematic Review of RCTs
by Rodopi Emfietzoglou and Xanthippi Dereka
Dent. J. 2024, 12(6), 185; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12060185 - 17 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2579
Abstract
Short dental implants have been proposed as an alternative treatment option to bone regeneration procedures for the rehabilitation of resorbed alveolar ridges. The aim of this paper was to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing short implants (≤6 mm) and longer implants [...] Read more.
Short dental implants have been proposed as an alternative treatment option to bone regeneration procedures for the rehabilitation of resorbed alveolar ridges. The aim of this paper was to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing short implants (≤6 mm) and longer implants (>6 mm) in atrophic alveolar ridges in terms of implant survival rates, peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL), prevalence of peri-implantitis and technical complications. A thorough electronic search was performed until September 2023. RCTs with follow-up of at least 1-year post-loading comparing short implants with rough surfaces to longer implants in the posterior jaws of systemically and periodontally healthy, partially edentulous adults were considered. Studies with incomplete information on the number of patients, follow-up or definition of “short implants” were excluded. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used for Risk of bias assessment. Fixed-effects meta-analysis of the selected studies was applied to compare the outcome variables. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed, on the basis of within-study comparisons. In total, 16 articles were selected for meta-analysis and incorporated 408 short implants and 475 longer implants inserted in 317 and 388 patients, respectively. The survival rates of longer implants in pristine or augmented bone were significantly increased compared to short implants (95%CI: 2–5%, p < 0.001). Standard-length implants displayed increased, although non-statistically significant MBL (95%CI: −0.17–0.04, p > 0.05), and prevalence of peri-implantitis (95%CI: 0–5%, p > 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between short and long implants in terms of technical complications (implant-level 95%CI: −4–6%, p > 0.05). Short implants represent a promising alternative treatment option for the rehabilitation of posterior jaws to avoid additional bone augmentation procedures. Nonetheless, they should be selected cautiously due to a potentially limited survival rate compared to longer implants. A major limitation of this study is the variability in the included studies regarding sample size, patient profile, type of bone, loading protocol, definition of peri-implantitis, among others. This study received no external funding. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023485514). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Rehabilitation)
Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 6958 KiB  
Case Report
Restoring Severely Atrophic Edentulous Ridge of Mandible Using Self-Expanding Tissue Expander—A Case Report
by Chiyun Won
Medicina 2024, 60(5), 759; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60050759 - 2 May 2024
Viewed by 4022
Abstract
This report describes the use of Self Inflating Tissue Expanders (SITEs) to rehabilitate severely atrophic edentulous mandibular ridges, enabling successful bone grafting and implant placement. The treatment resulted in stable and complication-free implants over a seven-year follow-up, demonstrating SITEs’ effectiveness in providing sufficient [...] Read more.
This report describes the use of Self Inflating Tissue Expanders (SITEs) to rehabilitate severely atrophic edentulous mandibular ridges, enabling successful bone grafting and implant placement. The treatment resulted in stable and complication-free implants over a seven-year follow-up, demonstrating SITEs’ effectiveness in providing sufficient bone volume and soft tissue coverage for dental implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Periodontics and Dental Implantology: Part II)
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 2531 KiB  
Article
Patients’ Satisfaction with Mandibular Overdentures Retained Using Mini-Implants: An Up-to-16-Year Cross-Sectional Study
by Antonio Scarano, Francesco Inchingolo, Iris Alla, Felice Lorusso, Sergio Rexhep Tari, Sergio Alexandre Gehrke and Ahmad G. A. Khater
Prosthesis 2024, 6(2), 251-262; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6020019 - 12 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2244
Abstract
Background: Patients with edentulism often have an impaired functional, phonetic, and esthetic status, resulting in poor quality of life; hence, the mandibular overdenture has been considered the standard implant treatment for such patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mandibular [...] Read more.
Background: Patients with edentulism often have an impaired functional, phonetic, and esthetic status, resulting in poor quality of life; hence, the mandibular overdenture has been considered the standard implant treatment for such patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mandibular overdentures retained using mini-implants on patient-reported satisfaction and their long-term survival. Methods: We searched patients’ medical records for eligible subjects, screening and inviting patients who received a mandibular overdenture anchored on mini-implants over ten years ago. We used a numerical rating scale from 0 (the worst) to 10 (the best) to assess four aspects: comfort, retention, chewing ability, and speaking ability before and after having mini-implants. We carried out Kaplan–Meier analysis to assess their survival. Results: Forty-eight elderly patients who were medically compromised and had a mandibular overdenture anchored on four permucosal mini-implants were included. All patient-reported satisfaction (comfort, retention, chewing ability, and speaking ability) was significantly improved after supporting mandibular overdentures with mini-implants (p-values < 0.05), with retention and chewing ability being the most substantially improved. The 10- and 15-year mini-implant survival rates were both 97.9%. Conclusions: Mandibular overdentures with mini-implants can be considered a valid and practical alternative to conventional implant-supported overdentures in patients with atrophic ridges, medically compromised, and the elderly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Minimally Invasive Protocols for Prosthetic Implant Maintenance)
Show Figures

Figure 1

25 pages, 18042 KiB  
Case Report
The Poncho Lamina Technique: A Protocol for Hard and Soft Tissue Augmentation in Atrophic Ridges Receiving Adjacent Implants
by Alexander Tzovairis, Marius Leretter, Bart Vandenberghe and Roberto Rossi
Medicina 2023, 59(11), 1994; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59111994 - 13 Nov 2023
Viewed by 3153
Abstract
The current scientific knowledge and guidelines in bone and soft tissue augmentation suggest the use of staged surgical workflows as the gold standard of regenerative procedures during implant therapy. In this context, the process is always the same, regardless of the techniques applied: [...] Read more.
The current scientific knowledge and guidelines in bone and soft tissue augmentation suggest the use of staged surgical workflows as the gold standard of regenerative procedures during implant therapy. In this context, the process is always the same, regardless of the techniques applied: an alternate series of surgical acts that follow one another after the completion of a specific period of osseointegration or graft maturation. As a result, the overall surgical treatment is often long and invasive and induces scar tissue formation. This article proposes a novel, fast, and less-invasive biphasic protocol with the use of a well-documented cortical barrier mounted on healing screws that are further replaced by customized abutments at an early second stage. Two cases are reported, one for an upper maxillary edentulous area and the other for a mandibular, with a total of four implants placed. The results at 4 months postop showed an optimal soft tissue configuration for both cases, with adequate cervical profile generation and a sufficient supracrestal complex height above the implant platforms. Significant bone gains were also recorded through CBCT data collection, either with alveolar width measurements on axial slices, the superposition of pre-op and post-op datasets, or 3D visualization after bone volume segmentation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Guided Bone Regeneration in Oral Surgery)
Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 243 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Diabetes and Hyperglycemia on Horizontal Guided Bone Regeneration: A Clinical Prospective Analysis
by Paolo De Angelis, Edoardo Rella, Paolo Francesco Manicone, Giuseppe De Rosa, Sofia Gallottini, Margherita Giorgia Liguori, Piero Papi, Viviana Desantis, Pier Carmine Passarelli and Antonio D’Addona
Healthcare 2023, 11(12), 1801; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121801 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1732
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a reconstructive procedure for treating atrophic alveolar ridges. This study aims to assess the correlation between different glycemic control levels and clinical findings in patients undergoing horizontal GBR before implant placement. The study population consisted of all patients [...] Read more.
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a reconstructive procedure for treating atrophic alveolar ridges. This study aims to assess the correlation between different glycemic control levels and clinical findings in patients undergoing horizontal GBR before implant placement. The study population consisted of all patients requiring horizontal GBR. Patients were divided into three groups based on HbA1c levels: non-diabetic normoglycemic patients (HbA1c < 5.7%), non-diabetic hyperglycaemic patients (HbA1c < 6.5%), and patients with controlled diabetes (HbA1c < 7%). The primary outcomes were the horizontal (mm) and vertical (mm) dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge 6 months after the procedure. The study sample consisted of 54 patients. Sixty-eight implants (95.8%) were classified as “successful,” meaning the possibility of inserting a standard-sized implant following the GBR (diameter ≥ 4 mm). There was a statistically significant difference between the three groups in terms of horizontal gain at 6 months: in particular, there was a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 (p = 0.026) and between group 1 and group 3 (p = 0.030). The present investigation showed that patients with HbA1c levels below 7% could undergo GBR and obtain a statistically significant horizontal bone gain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive Oral Health Strategies and Oral Health Status)
8 pages, 2442 KiB  
Case Report
Nasal Floor Elevation—An Option of Premaxilla Augmentation: A Case Report
by Ante Jordan, Marko Vuletić, Mato Sušić, Luka Stojić and Dragana Gabrić
Surgeries 2022, 3(4), 306-313; https://doi.org/10.3390/surgeries3040033 - 29 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3592
Abstract
The atrophic edentulous maxilla is demanding for dental implant placement because of extensive resorption of the alveolar ridge after teeth loss and, consequently, the proximity of the anatomical structures, nasal cavity, and maxillary sinus. Treatment options are short implants, guided bone regeneration, onlay [...] Read more.
The atrophic edentulous maxilla is demanding for dental implant placement because of extensive resorption of the alveolar ridge after teeth loss and, consequently, the proximity of the anatomical structures, nasal cavity, and maxillary sinus. Treatment options are short implants, guided bone regeneration, onlay grafts, Le Fort I osteotomy with interpositional bone grafting, distraction osteogenesis, or nasal floor elevation. Nasal floor elevation is a method of augmentation of premaxilla by raising the base of the nose. The aim of this case report is to evaluate the success of implants placed after nasal floor elevation. A 75-year-old female patient came to the Clinical Department of Oral Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, unsatisfied with her complete removable denture. Clinical and radiological examination revealed severe maxillary alveolar ridge atrophy. Nasal floor elevation was made under local anesthesia through aperture piriformis and lateral window in the distal part. After eight months, four implants were placed and, after period of osseointegration, a bar-retained implant overdenture was made. This case report shows that nasal floor augmentation can be considered among the surgical techniques to allow implant-supported rehabilitation of the atrophic anterior maxilla. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 3624 KiB  
Article
Custom Bone Regeneration (CBR): An Alternative Method of Bone Augmentation—A Case Series Study
by Daniele De Santis, Luciano Umberto, Donadello Dario, Faccioni Paolo, Morris Zarantonello, Cristian Alberti, Giuseppe Verlato and Federico Gelpi
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(16), 4739; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164739 - 13 Aug 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3162
Abstract
We performed this clinical study in order to evaluate the reliability of the Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) surgical technique through the use of customized CAD CAM titanium meshes (Yxoss CBR® Reoss) in order to show an alternative method of bone augmentation. Materials [...] Read more.
We performed this clinical study in order to evaluate the reliability of the Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) surgical technique through the use of customized CAD CAM titanium meshes (Yxoss CBR® Reoss) in order to show an alternative method of bone augmentation. Materials and methods: Nine patients presenting 10 bone defects were referred to solve oral dysfunction due to edentulous atrophic ridges. Guided bone regeneration was performed with titanium meshes combined with autogenous bone grafting and heterologous bovine bone mineral grafting, and exclusively a “poncho technique” soft tissue approach for all the cases. After a mean 9 months of graft healing (range 6–12 months), titanium meshes were removed, and implant surgery was subsequently performed. The results we obtained were positive in terms of volumetric increases in height, length and thickness of the atrophic ridges without biological complications detectable before implant surgery. Results: Out of nine, one site met titanium mesh exposure: however, in all 10 sites a three-dimensional volumetric bone implementation was obtained. The statistical results were estimated by uploading and superimposing cbct scans before and after CBR surgery for each patient, so it was possible evaluate the maximum linear vertical and horizontal bone gain through dedicated Cad Cam software (Exocad GmbH®). The average horizontal gain was 6.37 ± 2.17 mm (range 2.78–9.12 mm) and vertical gain was 5.95 ± 2.06 mm (range 2.68–9.02 mm). A total of 18 implants were placed into the grafted sites with a 100% survival rate (clearly they are relative percentages to be compared to the short time elapsed). Conclusions: The results we obtained in this study suggest that this CBR procedure (Yxoss® by Reoss) is reliable and safe for bone regeneration to allow implant-prosthetic restoration in horizontal, vertical and combined bone defects. The soft tissue management is diriment: all the cases were managed with a “poncho” flap approach to decrease exposure complication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Dental Implantology)
Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 3039 KiB  
Article
Esthetic Assessment following Ridge Augmentation, Late Implant Placement and Immediate Esthetic Reconstruction of the Atrophic Anterior Maxilla
by Sarit Naishlos, Vadim Reiser, Helena Zelikman, Joseph Nissan, Daya Masri, Hiba Nassra, Gavriel Chaushu, Sigalit Blumer and Liat Chaushu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3689; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063689 - 20 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2096
Abstract
Purpose: Evaluate the esthetic outcome of ridge augmentation using cancellous bone-block allografts, late implant placement, and immediate loading in the atrophic anterior maxilla, by PES (pink esthetic score) and WES (white esthetic score) indexes. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Inclusion [...] Read more.
Purpose: Evaluate the esthetic outcome of ridge augmentation using cancellous bone-block allografts, late implant placement, and immediate loading in the atrophic anterior maxilla, by PES (pink esthetic score) and WES (white esthetic score) indexes. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Inclusion criteria were bone loss of at least 3 mm horizontally and 3 mm vertically according to preliminary CBCT; ridge augmentation using cancellous bone-block allografts; six months later the implant insertion and immediately loaded. PES-WES index was used for esthetic assessment of soft tissues surrounding the final implant-supported prosthesis (ISP). Results: All twenty-five successive individuals were included. The mean follow-up was 12.1 ± 56 months (range, 42–90 months). The mean PES index and WES index were 7 ± 1.74 (range: 5–10) and 8.4 ± 2.12 (range: 5–10), respectively. The mean total combination of PES index and WES index (PES/WES) was 15.3 ± 2.85 (range: 12–20). All ISPs had an overall score >12 (the defined threshold of clinical acceptability). Conclusions: Ridge augmentation in the atrophic anterior maxilla using cancellous bone-block allografts and immediate loading allows a stable esthetic result of the soft and hard tissues over the years (follow-up of 42–90 months). Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic State-of-the-Art Dentistry and Oral Health)
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 336 KiB  
Article
Retrospective Analysis of Clinical and Radiologic Data Regarding Zygomatic Implant Rehabilitation with a Long-Term Follow-Up
by Michele Di Cosola, Andrea Ballini, Khrystyna Zhurakivska, Alberto Ceccarello, Riccardo Nocini, Annarita Malcangi, Giorgio Mori, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Stefania Cantore and Antonio Olivo
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(24), 12963; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182412963 - 8 Dec 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3153
Abstract
Background: Zygomatic implants have been introduced to rehabilitate edentulous patients with severely atrophic maxillae. Their use has been reported by several studies, describing high overall survival rates at medium–long follow-up. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze if a few patient-related [...] Read more.
Background: Zygomatic implants have been introduced to rehabilitate edentulous patients with severely atrophic maxillae. Their use has been reported by several studies, describing high overall survival rates at medium–long follow-up. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze if a few patient-related and implant-related features are correlated with implant success or the onset of complications. Materials and methods: Data of patients treated with zygomatic implants between May 2005 and November 2012 at three private clinics were collected and retrospectively analyzed. For each implant, the following data were collected: implant length, insertion path, ridge atrophy and sinus characteristics (width, pneumatization, thickness of mucosae, patency of sinus ostium). General patient characteristics and health status data were also recorded. The outcomes evaluated were implant failure, infective complications, early neurologic complications and overall complications. Results: A total of 33 patients (14 men, 17 women, mean age 59.1) that received 67 zygomatic implants were included in the study. The mean duration of the follow-up was of 141.6 months (min 109; max 198). In this period, a total of 16 (23.88%) implants in 8 (24.24%) patients were removed and 17 (51.51%) patients with 36 (53.73%) implants reported complications. Immediate loading resulted in a significantly lower risk of complications compared with the two-stage prosthetic rehabilitation (OR: 0.04, p = 0.002). A thickness of the sinus mucosa > 3 mm emerged to be correlated with a greater occurrence of infective complications (OR: 3.39, p = 0.019). Severe and extreme pneumatization of the sinus was significantly correlated with the incidence of overall complications (p = 0.037) and implant failure (p = 0.044). A large sinus width was predisposed to a higher risk of neurologic complications, infective complications and implant failure (p = 0.036, p = 0.032, p = 0.04, respectively). Conclusions: zygomatic implants are an alternative procedure for atrophic ridge rehabilitation when a conventional implant placement is not possible. Several clinical and anatomical factors can have a significant role in complication occurrence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promotion of Oral Health and New Advances in Dental Public Health)
16 pages, 4267 KiB  
Article
Clinical Outcome and 8-Year Follow-Up of Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering for Severely Atrophic Alveolar Bone Using Autologous Bone Marrow Stromal Cells with Platelet-Rich Plasma and β-Tricalcium Phosphate Granules
by Izumi Asahina, Hideaki Kagami, Hideki Agata, Masaki J. Honda, Yoshinori Sumita, Minoru Inoue, Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue and Arinobu Tojo
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(22), 5231; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10225231 - 10 Nov 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2426
Abstract
Background: Although bone tissue engineering for dentistry has been studied for many years, the clinical outcome for severe cases has not been established. Furthermore, there are limited numbers of studies that include long-term follow-up. In this study, the safety and efficacy of bone [...] Read more.
Background: Although bone tissue engineering for dentistry has been studied for many years, the clinical outcome for severe cases has not been established. Furthermore, there are limited numbers of studies that include long-term follow-up. In this study, the safety and efficacy of bone tissue engineering for patients with a severely atrophic alveolar bone were examined using autogenous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), and the long-term stability was also evaluated. Methods: BMSCs from iliac bone marrow aspirate were cultured and expanded. Then, induced osteogenic cells were transplanted with autogenous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and β-tricalcium phosphate granules (β-TCP) for maxillary sinus floor and alveolar ridge augmentation. Eight patients (two males and six females) with an average age of 54.2 years underwent cell transplantation. Safety was assessed by monitoring adverse events. Radiographic evaluation and bone biopsies were performed to evaluate the regenerated bone. Results: The major population of transplanted BMSCs belonged to the fraction of CD34, CD45dim, and CD73+ cells, which was only 0.065% of the total bone marrow cells. Significant deviations were observed in cell growth and alkaline phosphatase activities among individuals. However, bone regeneration was observed in all patients and the average bone area in the biopsy samples was 41.9% 6 months following transplantation, although there were also significant deviations among each case. No adverse events related to the transplants were observed. In the regenerated bone, 27 out of 29 dental implants were integrated. Dental implants and regenerated bone were stable for an average follow-up period of 7 years and 10 months. Conclusions: Although individual variations were observed, the results showed that bone tissue engineering using BMSCs with PRP and β-TCP was feasible for patients with severe atrophic maxilla throughout a long-term follow-up period and was considered safe. However, further studies with a larger number of cases and controls to confirm the efficacy of BMSCs and the development of a protocol to establish a reproducible quality of stem cell-based graft material will be required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Regeneration in Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop