In-Vitro Activity of Silybin and Related Flavonolignans against Leishmania infantum and L. donovani
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. In-Vitro Activity against Li and Ld Promastigotes
2.2. Synergistic Effect of Dehydroisosilybin A and AmB
2.3. Efficacy of Flavonolignans against Intracellular Amastigotes
2.3.1. Toxicity of Flavonolignans for Macrophages (Mφ)
2.3.2. Efficacy of Flavonolignans against Intracellular Amastigotes
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Leishmania Culture Media, Drugs and Mice Mφ
3.2. In-Vitro Activity against Li and Ld Promastigotes
3.3. Determination of IC50
3.4. Synergistic Effect between Dehydroisosilybin A, and AmB, SbIII and PMM
3.5. Toxicity of Flavonolignans for Macrophages (Mφ)
3.6. Activity of Flavonolignans against Intracellular Amastigotes
3.7. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from D. Biedermann. |
Drug Combination Dn + DhiS-A | % Growth Inhibition/EDn | CI Values | DRI | Dose Required (µM) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dn | DhiS-A | Dn | DhiS-A | |||
AmB | 10 | 1.49 (antagonism) | 2.85 | 0.88 | 0.023 | 34.79 |
(0.01:15) | 25 | 1.24 (moderate antagonism) | 2.74 | 1.13 | 0.030 | 44.61 |
50 | 1.06 (additive effect) | 2.64 | 1.47 | 0.038 | 57.21 | |
75 | 0.92 (additive effect) | 2.54 | 1.90 | 0.048 | 73.36 | |
90 | 0.81 (moderate synergism) | 2.39 | 2.91 | 0.062 | 94.08 | |
95 | 0.76 (moderate synergism) | 2.26 | 4.28 | 0.074 | 111.42 | |
SbIII | 50 | 1.89 (antagonism) | 0.82 | 1.50 | 56 | 56 |
(1:1) | 75 | 2.09 (antagonism) | 0.92 | 0.99 | 141.12 | 141.12 |
90 | 2.50 (antagonism) | 1.04 | 0.65 | 355.63 | 355.63 | |
95 | 2.93 (antagonism) | 1.13 | 0.49 | 666.84 | 666.84 | |
PMM | 50 | 1.98 (antagonism) | 39.54 | 0.51 | 822 | 164 |
(5:1) | 75 | 1.65 (antagonism) | 182.9 | 0.60 | 1145 | 229 |
90 | 1.38 (moderate antagonism) | 845.2 | 0.72 | 1594 | 318 | |
95 | 1.23 (moderate antagonism) | 2393 | 0.81 | 1997 | 399 |
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Olías-Molero, A.I.; Jiménez-Antón, M.D.; Biedermann, D.; Corral, M.J.; Alunda, J.M. In-Vitro Activity of Silybin and Related Flavonolignans against Leishmania infantum and L. donovani. Molecules 2018, 23, 1560. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071560
Olías-Molero AI, Jiménez-Antón MD, Biedermann D, Corral MJ, Alunda JM. In-Vitro Activity of Silybin and Related Flavonolignans against Leishmania infantum and L. donovani. Molecules. 2018; 23(7):1560. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071560
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlías-Molero, Ana Isabel, María Dolores Jiménez-Antón, David Biedermann, María J. Corral, and José María Alunda. 2018. "In-Vitro Activity of Silybin and Related Flavonolignans against Leishmania infantum and L. donovani" Molecules 23, no. 7: 1560. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071560