Ionic Liquid-Mediated Homogeneous Esterification of Cinnamic Anhydride to Xylans
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Dissolution Mechanism of Xylan in Ionic Liquid
2.2. Effects of Reaction Conditions on the Degrees of Substitution (DS) of Cinnamic Anhydride Xylan (CAX)
2.3. FT-IR Spectra Analyses
2.4. 13C-NMR Spectra
2.5. Thermal Analysis
2.6. Applications of CAX
2.6.1. Physical Properties of Paper
2.6.2. Organic–Inorganic Films
2.6.3. Hydrogels and Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials
3.2. Homogeneous Esterification of Xylan in AMIMCl
3.3. Determination of Degree of Substitution
3.4. Characterization of CAX
3.5. Application of CAX
3.5.1. Wet-End of Papermaking
3.5.2. Preparation of Organic–Inorganic Composite Films
3.5.3. Preparation of Hydrogel and Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples a | Conditions | Esterification of Hemicellulose | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Esterification Molar Ratio of CA/Xylan b | Reaction Time (min) | Temperature (°C) | Catalyst (0.025 mol/L) | DS c | |
1 | 2:1 | 80 | 80 | NaOH | 0.15 |
2 | 2:1 | 80 | 80 | KOH | 0.11 |
3 | 2:1 | 80 | 80 | LiOH | 0.06 |
4 | 2:1 | 20 | 80 | NaOH | 0.15 |
5 | 2:1 | 40 | 80 | NaOH | 0.18 |
6 | 2:1 | 60 | 80 | NaOH | 0.21 |
7 | 2:1 | 80 | 80 | NaOH | 0.46 |
8 | 2:1 | 100 | 80 | NaOH | 0.25 |
9 | 2:1 | 80 | 70 | NaOH | 0.15 |
10 | 2:1 | 80 | 80 | NaOH | 0.45 |
11 | 2:1 | 80 | 90 | NaOH | 0.36 |
12 | 2:1 | 80 | 100 | NaOH | 0.29 |
13 | 2:1 | 80 | 110 | NaOH | 0.22 |
14 | 1:1 | 80 | 80 | NaOH | 0.15 |
15 | 2:1 | 80 | 80 | NaOH | 0.13 |
16 | 4:1 | 80 | 80 | NaOH | 0.33 |
17 | 6:1 | 80 | 80 | NaOH | 0.57 |
18 | 8:1 | 80 | 80 | NaOH | 0.37 |
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Yang, G.; Zhou, H.; Chen, J.; Lyu, G.; Xia, Y.; Lucia, L.A. Ionic Liquid-Mediated Homogeneous Esterification of Cinnamic Anhydride to Xylans. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 2502. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122502
Yang G, Zhou H, Chen J, Lyu G, Xia Y, Lucia LA. Ionic Liquid-Mediated Homogeneous Esterification of Cinnamic Anhydride to Xylans. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(12):2502. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122502
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Guihua, Huifang Zhou, Jiachuan Chen, Gaojin Lyu, Yuanyuan Xia, and Lucian A. Lucia. 2017. "Ionic Liquid-Mediated Homogeneous Esterification of Cinnamic Anhydride to Xylans" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 12: 2502. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122502