Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Proteins Putatively Involved in Toxin Biosynthesis in the Marine Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Diel Phasing of the Cell Cycle of A. catenella
2.2. Diel Variations of Cell Density and Toxin Content of A. catenella
2.3. Protein Identification and Variation at Different Toxin Biosynthesis Stages
2.4. Proteins Putatively Involved in Toxin Biosynthesis
Spot id | Accession number | Protein score | Protein score CI% | Peptide count | MW/pI | Protein description | Function | T28 vs. T24 | T34 vs. T24 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foldchange | P-Value | Fold change | P-Value | ||||||||
Metabolism | |||||||||||
31 | 46909371 | 145 | 100 | 4 | 34.39/5.81 | Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), (Nucula proxima) | catalyses the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from methionine and ATP | 1.26 | 0.450 | 0.40 | 0.043 |
32 | 158524698 | 149 | 100 | 3 | 35.30/5.59 | Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), (Terebratulina retusa) | 1.89 | 0.173 | 0.47 | 0.033 | |
33 | 71370920 | 202 | 100 | 3 | 35.08/6.82 | Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), partial (Haliotis rufescens) | 1.15 | 0.767 | 0.40 | 0.034 | |
34 | 225685869 | 121 | 100 | 3 | 45.52/5.54 | Methionine S-adenosyltransferase (MAT), (Thalassionema nitzschioides) | 0.92 | 0.942 | 0.46 | 0.042 | |
36 | 225685865 | 92 | 99.248 | 2 | 51.08/5.73 | methionine S-adenosyltransferase (MAT), (Detonula confervacea) | 2.50 | 0.007 | 0.18 | 0.091 | |
77 | 211939908 | 120 | 99.999 | 9 | 27.97/5.74 | S-adenosylhomocysteinase (SAH), (Amphidinium carteriae) | an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine and formed by the demethylation of SAM | 2.89 | 0.001 | 0.86 | 0.905 |
76 | 211939908 | 150 | 100 | 8 | 27.97/5.74 | Adenosylhomocysteinase (AdoHcy), (Amphidinium carteriae) | an enzyme that converts SAH to homocysteine and adenosine | 2.20 | 0.003 | 0.49 | 0.117 |
79 | 211939908 | 116 | 99.997 | 7 | 27.97/5.74 | 3.32 | 0.003 | 0.88 | 0.985 | ||
7 | 58613455 | 389 | 100 | 2 | 28.67/4.78 | chloroplast ferredoxin-NAD + reductase (FNRs), (Heterocapsa triquetra) | ferredoxin-NADP reductase type 1 family; Oxidation reduction | 0.13 | 0.007 | 1.19 | 0.641 |
40 | 170723385 | 296 | 100 | 15 | 38.10/5.92 | ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OTC), (Pseudomonas putida W619) | Cellular amino acid metabolic process; involved in arginine (Arg) biosynthesis | 0.45 | 0.088 | 1.61 | 0.003 |
55 | 26987276 | 87 | 97.728 | 2 | 19.18/4.77 | inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPi), (Pseudomonas putida KT2440) | Phosphate metabolic process; catalyzes the conversion of pyrophosphate to phosphate ions | 1.00 | 1.000 | 11.55 | 0.003 |
78 | 148546281 | 660 | 100 | 18 | 46.73/5.66 | arginine deiminase (ADI), (Pseudomonas putida F1) | participates in arginine and proline metabolism | 3.30 | <0.001 | 0.20 | 0.008 |
94 | 115901552 | 122 | 97.645 | 1 | 35.22/4.70 | similar to sulfotransferase (SULT), (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) | sulfotransferase activity | 0.44 | 0.043 | 1.24 | 0.459 |
Oxidative stress response | |||||||||||
95 | 26990544 | 110 | 99.989 | 6 | 35.89/5.61 | alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), (Pseudomonas putida KT2440) | Oxidation reduction; zinc ion binding | 0.45 | 0.871 | 7.63 | 0.001 |
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Organism and Culture Conditions
3.2. Synchronization of A. catenella
3.3. Cell Count
3.4. Cell Cycle Defined
3.5. Toxin Analysis
3.6. Protein Extraction and Quantification
3.7. 2-DE Analysis
3.8. MALDI-TOF-TOF MS Analysis
3.9. Protein Interaction Network Analysis
3.10. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Supplementary Files
References
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Wang, D.-Z.; Gao, Y.; Lin, L.; Hong, H.-S. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Proteins Putatively Involved in Toxin Biosynthesis in the Marine Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. Mar. Drugs 2013, 11, 213-232. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11010213
Wang D-Z, Gao Y, Lin L, Hong H-S. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Proteins Putatively Involved in Toxin Biosynthesis in the Marine Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. Marine Drugs. 2013; 11(1):213-232. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11010213
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Da-Zhi, Yue Gao, Lin Lin, and Hua-Sheng Hong. 2013. "Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Proteins Putatively Involved in Toxin Biosynthesis in the Marine Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella" Marine Drugs 11, no. 1: 213-232. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11010213