Carbon Nanomaterials: Efficacy and Safety for Nanomedicine
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Fullerenes | CNHs | CNTs | |
---|---|---|---|
Year of discovery | 1985 | 1998 | 1991 |
Discoverer | H.W. Kroto R.F. Curl R.E. Smalley | S. Iijima | S. Iijima |
Size | |||
Diameter Length | 1 nm - | 2–4 nm 40–70 nm | 0.4–70 nm 1 µm–2.5 mm |
Shape | sphere | horn | fiber |
Practical use | Cosmetics Lubricity agent Semiconductor | Fuel battery | Semiconductor Car parts Sports goods |
2. Utility of Carbon Nanomaterials for Nanomedicine
2.1. Fullerenes
2.2. CNHs/CNTs
2.3. Suitable Modification of Carbon Nanomaterials for DDS
2.4. Other Application of CNTs in Medicine
3. Safety of Carbon Nanomaterials
3.1. Hazard Assessment
3.2. Biological Behavior of CNTs
3.3. Development of Safe Nanomaterials
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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Yamashita, T.; Yamashita, K.; Nabeshi, H.; Yoshikawa, T.; Yoshioka, Y.; Tsunoda, S.-i.; Tsutsumi, Y. Carbon Nanomaterials: Efficacy and Safety for Nanomedicine. Materials 2012, 5, 350-363. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5020350
Yamashita T, Yamashita K, Nabeshi H, Yoshikawa T, Yoshioka Y, Tsunoda S-i, Tsutsumi Y. Carbon Nanomaterials: Efficacy and Safety for Nanomedicine. Materials. 2012; 5(2):350-363. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5020350
Chicago/Turabian StyleYamashita, Takuya, Kohei Yamashita, Hiromi Nabeshi, Tomoaki Yoshikawa, Yasuo Yoshioka, Shin-ichi Tsunoda, and Yasuo Tsutsumi. 2012. "Carbon Nanomaterials: Efficacy and Safety for Nanomedicine" Materials 5, no. 2: 350-363. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5020350
APA StyleYamashita, T., Yamashita, K., Nabeshi, H., Yoshikawa, T., Yoshioka, Y., Tsunoda, S. -i., & Tsutsumi, Y. (2012). Carbon Nanomaterials: Efficacy and Safety for Nanomedicine. Materials, 5(2), 350-363. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5020350