Global Change and Forest Disturbances in the Mediterranean Basin: Breakthroughs, Knowledge Gaps, and Recommendations
Abstract
:1. Background. Mediterranean Forest: A System Shaped by Water, Nutrient Limitations, and Human Management. The Mediterranean Basin Case
2. Several Concurrent Risks
2.1. Present and Future Aridity: The Larger Threat
2.1.1. Drought Is Currently Shaping the Structure of Mediterranean Forests
2.1.2. Grazing Pressure under Drought Enhancement
2.1.3. Aridity and Warming: An Open Door for Pests. The Case of “La Seca” (Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands) and Insect Outbreaks
2.1.4. The Particular Case of Temperate and Boreal “Forest Islands”
2.2. Species Invasion
2.3. Forest Wildfires
2.4. Soil Fragility and Forest Maintenance and Regeneration
2.5. High Diversity at Risk
2.6. Depopulation and Abandonment of Rural Areas
3. Human Management. How Can it Help Mediterranean Forest Health and Conservation?
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Peñuelas, J.; Sardans, J. Global Change and Forest Disturbances in the Mediterranean Basin: Breakthroughs, Knowledge Gaps, and Recommendations. Forests 2021, 12, 603. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12050603
Peñuelas J, Sardans J. Global Change and Forest Disturbances in the Mediterranean Basin: Breakthroughs, Knowledge Gaps, and Recommendations. Forests. 2021; 12(5):603. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12050603
Chicago/Turabian StylePeñuelas, Josep, and Jordi Sardans. 2021. "Global Change and Forest Disturbances in the Mediterranean Basin: Breakthroughs, Knowledge Gaps, and Recommendations" Forests 12, no. 5: 603. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12050603