Electrochem, Volume 5, Issue 2 (June 2024) – 3 articles

The ability of a diagnosis tool to observe an abnormal state of a system remains a major issue for health monitoring. For that purpose, several diagnosis tools have been proposed in the literature. Most of them are developed for specific system characterization, and the genericity of the approaches is not considered. Indeed, most approaches proposed in the literature are based on an expert offline consideration that makes it hard to apply the strategy to other systems. It is therefore important to develop a diagnostic tool that takes as little as possible expert knowledge to reduce the dependency between the tool and the system. This paper, therefore, focuses on the application of a generic diagnosis tool on an open cathode fuel cell. The goal is to feed the diagnosis algorithm with a voltage measurement and let it proceed to a self-clustering of the signal components. Each cluster’s interpretation remains to be established by the expert point of view that is then involved downstream of the diagnosis tool. Full article

Electrochemistry is a hotspot in today’s research arena. Many different domains have been extended for their role towards the Internet of Things, digital health, personalized nutrition, and/or wellness using electrochemistry. These advances have led to a substantial increase in the power and popularity of electroanalysis and its expansion into new phases and environments. The recent COVID-19 pandemic, which turned our lives upside down, has helped us to understand the need for miniaturized electrochemical diagnostic platforms. It also accelerated the role of mobile and wearable, implantable sensors as telehealth systems. The major principle behind these platforms is the role of electrochemical immunoassays, which help in overshadowing the classical gold standard methods (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) in terms of accuracy, time, manpower, and, most importantly, economics. Many research groups have endeavoured to use electrochemical and bio-electrochemical tools to overcome the limitations of classical assays (in terms of accuracy, accessibility, portability, and response time). This review mainly focuses on the electrochemical technologies used for immunosensing platforms, their fabrication requirements, mechanistic objectives, electrochemical techniques involved, and their subsequent output signal amplifications using a tagged and non-tagged system. The combination of various techniques (optical spectroscopy, Raman scattering, column chromatography, HPLC, and X-ray diffraction) has enabled the construction of high-performance electrodes. Later in the review, these combinations and their utilization will be explained in terms of their mechanistic platform along with chemical bonding and their role in signal output in the later part of article. Furthermore, the market study in terms of real prototypes will be elaborately discussed. Full article

A silicon nanoparticle–graphite nanosheet composite was prepared via a facile ball milling process for use as the anode for high-rate lithium-ion batteries. The size effect of Si nanoparticles on the structure and on the lithium-ion battery performance of the composite is evaluated. SEM and TEM analyses show a structural alteration of the composites from Si nanoparticle-surrounded graphite nanosheets to Si nanoparticle-embedded graphite nanosheets by decreasing the size of Si nanoparticles from 250 nm to 40 nm. The composites with finer Si nanoparticles provide an effective nanostructure containing encapsulated Si and free space. This structure facilitates the indirect exposure of Si to electrolyte and Si expansion during cycling, which leads to a stable solid–electrolyte interphase and elevated conductivity. An enhanced rate capability was obtained for the 40 nm Si nanoparticle–graphite nanosheet composite, delivering a specific capacity of 276 mAh g⁻¹ at a current density of 1 C after 1000 cycles and a rate capacity of 205 mAh g⁻¹ at 8 C. Full article