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Agriculture
Special Issues
Cereal Genetics, Breeding and Wide Crossing
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Cereal Genetics, Breeding and Wide Crossing

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Genotype Evaluation and Breeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 March 2023) | Viewed by 9305

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Katarzyna Juzoń

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Guest Editor
Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
Interests: oat × maize addition (OMA) lines; doubled haploids production; wide crossing of cereals; androgenesis
Dr. Ilona Czyczyło-Mysza

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
Interests: drought stress; phenotyping; quantitative traits loci (QTL); in vitro plant tissue cultures; double haploids of wheat and oat
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marzena Warchoł

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Biotechnology, The F. Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
Interests: plants in vitro culture; somatic embryogenesis; organogenesis; androgenesis and wide crossing of cereals; flow cytometry; histology of plant tissues
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the beginnings of agriculture, cereals have provided the main source of calories for humankind. Because of their high yields and numerous nutritional value, a range of different cereals were domesticated, and their improvement is a consciously directed form of evolution. The main challenges for cereal breeders and geneticists are related to facing forceful environmental threats. Breeding new cereal varieties with desirable agronomic, quality, and (a)biotic traits is one of the most crucial strategies for increasing yield to ensure worldwide food security and social stability. Improvement in these traits requires an understanding of plant biology and genetics. Thanks to constantly developed biotechnological methods, both traditional and innovative molecular genetics, it is possible to expand the breeding possibilities. The advancement of molecular biology and genomics has broken down many breeding barriers so far; however, other methods as genome editing are still being ameliorated.

Therefore, we would like to invite you to participate in our Special Issue in Agriculture which will disseminate recent research devoted to molecular, genetics, and breeding techniques intended to further improve cereal crops.

Dr. Katarzyna Juzoń
Dr. Ilona Czyczyło-Mysza
Dr. Marzena Warchoł
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agriculture is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biotechnology
  • breeding
  • cereal
  • molecular genetics
  • wide crossing

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 313 KiB  
Article
QTL×QTL×QTL Interaction Effects for Total Phenolic Content of Wheat Mapping Population of CSDH Lines under Drought Stress by Weighted Multiple Linear Regression
by Adrian Cyplik, Ilona Mieczysława Czyczyło-Mysza, Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak and Jan Bocianowski
Agriculture 2023, 13(4), 850; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13040850 - 11 Apr 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1803
Abstract
This paper proposes the use of weighted multiple linear regression to estimate the triple3interaction (additive×additive×additive) of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) effects. The use of unweighted regression yielded an improvement (in absolute value) in the QTL×QTL×QTL interaction effects compared to assessment based on phenotypes [...] Read more.
This paper proposes the use of weighted multiple linear regression to estimate the triple3interaction (additive×additive×additive) of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) effects. The use of unweighted regression yielded an improvement (in absolute value) in the QTL×QTL×QTL interaction effects compared to assessment based on phenotypes alone in three cases (severe drought in 2010, control in 2012 and severe drought in 2012). In contrast, weighted regression yielded an improvement (in absolute value) in the evaluation of the aaagw parameter compared to aaap in five cases, with the exception of severe drought in 2012. The results show that by using weighted regression on marker observations, the obtained estimates are closer to the ones obtained by the phenotypic method. The coefficients of determination for the weighted regression model were significantly higher than for the unweighted regression and ranged from 46.2% (control in 2010) to 95.0% (control in 2011). Considering this, it is clear that a three-way interaction had a significant effect on the expression of quantitative traits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cereal Genetics, Breeding and Wide Crossing)
15 pages, 1411 KiB  
Article
Contribution of Agro-Physiological and Morpho-Anatomical Traits to Grain Yield of Wheat Genotypes under Post-Anthesis Stress Induced by Defoliation
by Vesna Kandić, Jasna Savić, Dragana Rančić and Dejan Dodig
Agriculture 2023, 13(3), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030673 - 14 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1372
Abstract
Post-anthesis drought affects wheat production worldwide, primarily through the limitation of grain filling. The enhanced remobilization of stem reserves induced by drought can provide considerable carbon sources for grain filling. The aim of this study, which was part of an ongoing wheat-breeding program [...] Read more.
Post-anthesis drought affects wheat production worldwide, primarily through the limitation of grain filling. The enhanced remobilization of stem reserves induced by drought can provide considerable carbon sources for grain filling. The aim of this study, which was part of an ongoing wheat-breeding program targeting drought tolerance, was to assess the ability of 20 contrasting common wheat genotypes (2 cultivars, 8 F6:7 families (FAM), and 10 parent genotypes (PAR) used to make the families) to remobilize stem dry matter under water-stressed conditions simulated via defoliation 10 days after anthesis, and to estimate the contribution of stem dry matter remobilization to grain weight. In two-year field trials, the genotypes were scored for agro-physiological and peduncle morpho-anatomical traits. Stem reserve contribution to grain weight per spike was significantly enhanced in defoliated plants but did not differ amongst the groups of genotypes. F6:7 families had higher grain-filling rate and 1000-grain weight but without improvement in grain weight per spike under defoliation compared with parental groups. The total area of chlorenchyma, phloem-area-related traits, and stem reserve contribution to grain weight were positively associated with grain weight per spike under defoliation, whilst in both treatments, the grain-filling rate was determined by stem height. These results imply that the grain-filling rate is a trait desirable for drought tolerance that can be improved during the breeding process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cereal Genetics, Breeding and Wide Crossing)
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15 pages, 2403 KiB  
Article
Studies of Oat-Maize Hybrids Tolerance to Soil Drought Stress
by Tomasz Warzecha, Roman Bathelt, Edyta Skrzypek, Marzena Warchoł, Jan Bocianowski and Agnieszka Sutkowska
Agriculture 2023, 13(2), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020243 - 19 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1813
Abstract
The ontogenesis and yield formation in crop plants are modified by environmental conditions. Due to climatic change detected over two decades, the harmful influence of abiotic factors is increasing. One of the most threatening issues reducing plant productivity is drought stress. The strength [...] Read more.
The ontogenesis and yield formation in crop plants are modified by environmental conditions. Due to climatic change detected over two decades, the harmful influence of abiotic factors is increasing. One of the most threatening issues reducing plant productivity is drought stress. The strength of plant response to water shortages could differ depending on the strength of the drought stress, type of crop, genetic background, presence of additional stresses, and stage of plant development. There are examples of sexual hybridization between crop plants like oat (Avena sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) with which stable fertile hybrids were generated. Additional maize chromosomes in oat plants (oat × maize addition, OMA) often infer morphological and physiological (e.g., PS II photosystem activity and chlorophyll production) changes modulated by the interaction of certain maize chromosomes added to the oat genome. The aim of the research was to evaluate the chosen physiological, biochemical, and agronomic parameters of OMA plants subjected to soil drought. Analysis of variance indicated that the main effects of genotype as well as treatment × genotype interaction were significant for all the traits studied (photosynthetic pigment content, selected PSII indices, mass of stem, number of grains/plant, mass of grains/plant). Most of the examined lines severely reduced PSII photosystem parameters, pigment content, and yield-related traits under drought stress. The results indicated that two lines (9 and 78b) retained high yielding potential under drought stress compared to commercial cv. Bingo. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cereal Genetics, Breeding and Wide Crossing)
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15 pages, 1298 KiB  
Article
Seed Priming Improves Biochemical and Physiological Performance of Wheat Seedlings under Low-Temperature Conditions
by Milica Kanjevac, Biljana Bojović, Andrija Ćirić, Milan Stanković and Dragana Jakovljević
Agriculture 2023, 13(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13010002 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2249
Abstract
Wheat is a widely cultivated cereal throughout the world and stress caused by low temperatures significantly affects all stages of wheat development. Seed priming is an effective method to produce stress-resistant plants. This work was carried out to determine whether different priming methods [...] Read more.
Wheat is a widely cultivated cereal throughout the world and stress caused by low temperatures significantly affects all stages of wheat development. Seed priming is an effective method to produce stress-resistant plants. This work was carried out to determine whether different priming methods (hormo-, halo-, osmo-, and hydropriming) can increase the resistance of wheat to low-temperature conditions (10 °C). The effect of priming on growth, as well as the biochemical and physiological performance of wheat seedlings were monitored. In general, priming had a significant stimulatory effect on the monitored characteristics. Hormo- and halopriming had a positive effect on the growth, vigor index, and total soluble protein content of wheat seedlings. Additionally, hormopriming reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in wheat seedlings compared to unprimed seeds. A dominant effect on antioxidant enzymes (superoxide-dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and pyrogallol peroxidase) was recorded after seed priming with KNO3. The effectiveness of priming was also confirmed through the increased content of phenolic compounds (including flavonoids), and total antioxidant activity. The HPLC analysis showed increased content of chlorogenic acid, catechin, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, sinapic acid, rutin, naringin, and quercetin in primed wheat seedlings compared to unprimed grown seedlings under low-temperature conditions with the best effects achieved by hormo- and hydropriming. It is concluded that seed priming can be regarded as a promising approach for increasing the resistance of wheat seedlings to low-temperature stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cereal Genetics, Breeding and Wide Crossing)
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14 pages, 4647 KiB  
Article
Characteristics of Progenies Derived from Bidirectional Avena sativa L. and Avena fatua L. Crosses
by Aneta Koroluk, Sylwia Sowa and Edyta Paczos-Grzęda
Agriculture 2022, 12(11), 1758; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12111758 - 24 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1138
Abstract
Crossing genetically distant forms is widely used in breeding programs and allows the introduction of beneficial features from the wild into cultivated species. In this study, agronomic traits of two F2 segregating populations derived from crosses in both directions between A. sativa [...] Read more.
Crossing genetically distant forms is widely used in breeding programs and allows the introduction of beneficial features from the wild into cultivated species. In this study, agronomic traits of two F2 segregating populations derived from crosses in both directions between A. sativa cv. Sam and A. fatua ‘51532’, as well as their parental forms, were phenotyped and statistically compared. Almost all mean values of the analysed features in the populations ranged between the values of the two parental forms. In both F2 populations, high variability of the traits was observed. The plant height was strongly correlated with the length of the first inernode below the panicle in all populations except parental form ‘51532’. An intermediate correlation between the plant height and the panicle length could be observed only for ‘Sam’ and ‘Sam’ × ‘51532’. The segregation of non-shattering to shattering phenotypes of the progeny confirmed a single gene inheritance of the trait. Additionally, in both combinations, transgressive forms in terms of some phenotypic traits were observed. The direction of crosses had no impact on the values of characterised parameters. During the interspecific crosses, new breeding lines and cultivars are obtained, enriched with specific qualitative and quantitative properties. The genetic distinctness between crossed species often prevents the formation of desired hybrids but also enables obtaining superior genotypes with traits exceeding the parental forms. Even though efficient crossbreeding with A. fatua is demanding, looking for new germplasm in wild ancestors is crucial for expanding the Avena genetic pool and developing long-term strategies beneficial to modern oat breeding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cereal Genetics, Breeding and Wide Crossing)
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