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Agronomy
Special Issues
Ozone Effects on Crop Production
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Ozone Effects on Crop Production

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Innovative Cropping Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 14139

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Kent Burkey

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
2. Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
Interests: environmental stress; ozone; plant physiology and biochemistry; heat stress; soybeans; wheat
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The air pollution scientific community has studied the impacts of ozone on vegetation for many years. Regulatory agencies use the results for setting air quality standards. However, practical application of this knowledge is under-utilized by other stakeholders. Air pollution in general and ozone in particular are considerations in future planning by conservationists and forest managers, but these concerns are not typically part of the planning for future crop production within the agricultural sector. There is a need to inform agronomists and the farmers they support of potential yield losses from ozone pollution and to encourage plant breeders to include ozone tolerance as an objective for improving the overall abiotic stress tolerance of new crop varieties.

This Special Issue is an opportunity to feature new research from around the world to provide an overview of ozone impacts on crop production systems and associated effects on the nutritional quality of the food and forages produced. Submissions on, but not limited to, the following topics are invited: ozone dose–response relationships for major and minor crop species, new tools and techniques for assessing ozone effects, modeling of current and future ozone impacts, genetics and breeding to improve ozone tolerance including the best approaches for phenotyping, and management practices that may be used by farmers.

Prof. Kent Burkey
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • air pollution
  • crop quality
  • crop yield
  • dose–response relationships
  • genetic variation
  • modeling ozone impacts
  • ozone tolerance
  • plant breeding
  • rhizosphere

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 6240 KiB  
Article
Differential Ozone Responses Identified among Key Rust-Susceptible Wheat Genotypes
by Alsayed M. Mashaheet, Kent O. Burkey, Costas J. Saitanis, Abdelrazek S. Abdelrhim, Rafiullah and David S. Marshall
Agronomy 2020, 10(12), 1853; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10121853 - 25 Nov 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2631
Abstract
Increasing ambient ozone (O3) concentrations and resurgent rust diseases are two concomitant limiting factors to wheat production worldwide. Breeding resilient wheat cultivars bearing rust resistance and O3 tolerance while maintaining high yield is critical for global food security. This study [...] Read more.
Increasing ambient ozone (O3) concentrations and resurgent rust diseases are two concomitant limiting factors to wheat production worldwide. Breeding resilient wheat cultivars bearing rust resistance and O3 tolerance while maintaining high yield is critical for global food security. This study aims at identifying ozone tolerance among key rust-susceptible wheat genotypes [Rust near-universal susceptible genotypes (RnUS)], as a first step towards achieving this goal. Tested RnUS included seven bread wheat genotypes (Chinese Spring, Line E, Little Club, LMPG 6, McNair 701, Morocco and Thatcher), and one durum wheat line (Rusty). Plants were treated with five O3 concentrations (CF, 50, 70, 90, and 110 ppb), in two O3 exposure systems [continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR) and outdoor-plant environment chambers (OPEC)], at 21–23 Zadoks decimal growth stage. Visible injury and biomass accumulation rate were used to assess O3 responses. Visible injury data showed consistent order of genotype sensitivity (Thatcher, LMPG 6 > McNair 701, Rusty > Line E, Morocco, Little Club > Chinese Spring). Additionally, leaves at different orders showed differential O3 responses. Biomass accumulation under O3 stress showed similar results for the bread wheat genotypes. However, the durum wheat line “Rusty” had the most O3-sensitive biomass production, providing a contrasting O3 response to the tolerance reported in durum wheat. Chinese Spring was the most tolerant genotype based on both parameters and could be used as a source for O3 tolerance, while sensitive genotypes could be used as sensitive parents in mapping O3 tolerance in bread wheat. The suitability of visible symptoms and biomass responses in high-throughput screening of wheat for O3 tolerance was discussed. The results presented in this research could assist in developing future approaches to accelerate breeding wheat for O3 tolerance using existing breeding materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ozone Effects on Crop Production)
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11 pages, 1500 KiB  
Article
Interactive Effects of Elevated Ozone and Temperature on Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) under Field Conditions
by Kent Burkey, Ripley Tisdale, Richard Zobel, Samuel Ray and Walter Pursley
Agronomy 2020, 10(11), 1803; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111803 - 17 Nov 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2386
Abstract
Elevated ozone and rising temperature are both factors in climate change, but they are difficult to study in combination due to exposure system requirements. We developed and deployed an air exclusion exposure system to treat soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar “Jake” [...] Read more.
Elevated ozone and rising temperature are both factors in climate change, but they are difficult to study in combination due to exposure system requirements. We developed and deployed an air exclusion exposure system to treat soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar “Jake” with season-long combinations of sub-ambient ozone (18 ppb, 12 h mean), elevated ozone (66 ppb, 12 h mean), and elevated temperature (+3.5 °C daytime, +2.4 °C nighttime) in irrigated field plots. Warming caused a shift in biomass partitioning from reproductive tissues into stems and petioles at mid-season that resulted in a significant 25% reduction in final seed yield and a significant reduction in harvest index. The elevated ozone treatment delayed mid-season biomass production, and final seed yield was reduced by a non-significant 2%. However, there were significant underlying effects of elevated ozone on seed production. The non-significant impact of ozone on seed yield of cultivar “Jake” resulted from significant increases in pod number (+16%) and seed number (+18%) that were offset by a significant reduction in seed size (−16%). No evidence of significant warming–ozone interactions was found in biomass or seed yield responses. In general, significant impacts of the individual warming or ozone treatments were found to be additive. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ozone Effects on Crop Production)
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14 pages, 2595 KiB  
Article
Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Response to Ozone-Induced Oxidative Stress
by Ewa Szpunar-Krok, Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek, Dagmara Migut, Karol Skrobacz, Tomasz Piechowiak, Renata Pawlak and Maciej Balawejder
Agronomy 2020, 10(11), 1745; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111745 - 10 Nov 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2326
Abstract
We investigated the changes in the physiological and biochemical properties of potato plants exposed to differing ozone (O3) concentrations (5 ppm, 10 ppm) and exposure times (2, 4, 8, 12, 16 min) to determine the safe dose that could be used [...] Read more.
We investigated the changes in the physiological and biochemical properties of potato plants exposed to differing ozone (O3) concentrations (5 ppm, 10 ppm) and exposure times (2, 4, 8, 12, 16 min) to determine the safe dose that could be used in crop protection programs. We measured the gas exchange, relative chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence and total antioxidant capacity in potato leaves exposed to O3 fumigation. The fresh weight (FW) of the aboveground part of the plants and a visual assessment of plant condition were determined after the end of the experiment. The plants were given two O3 treatments and measurements were carried out four times: on the 1st and 7th day after treatment. We conclude that O3 exposure time had a greater impact on the reduction in the efficiency of the potato photosynthetic apparatus than O3 concentration. Research has showed that O3 in 5 ppm concentration for 2 and 4 min and 10 ppm for 2 min increased the efficiency of the photosynthesis and antioxidant activity in leaf processes, and these doses could be taken into account in further research on the potential for using O3 in potato protection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ozone Effects on Crop Production)
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13 pages, 1208 KiB  
Article
Effect of Ozone Fumigation on Physiological Processes and Bioactive Compounds of Red-Veined Sorrel (Rumex sanguineus ssp. sanguineus)
by Natalia Matlok, Tomasz Piechowiak, Józef Gorzelany, Miłosz Zardzewiały and Maciej Balawejder
Agronomy 2020, 10(11), 1726; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111726 - 06 Nov 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2572
Abstract
The present study was designed to identify the effects of ozone fumigation of red-veined sorrel plants on the selected physiological parameters and contents of bioactive compounds in the plant leaves. Sorrel plants grown in a pot experiment were subjected, at the final stage [...] Read more.
The present study was designed to identify the effects of ozone fumigation of red-veined sorrel plants on the selected physiological parameters and contents of bioactive compounds in the plant leaves. Sorrel plants grown in a pot experiment were subjected, at the final stage of growth, to ozone fumigation at a concentration of 1 ppm (mg m−3) for one, three, five, seven, and 10 min. The ozone treatment was followed with measurements performed one, four, and eight days later. The relative chlorophyll content in the leaves and selected chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry and the performance index) and gas exchange parameters were assessed (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2 concentration). By using the same leaves, the plant material was also assessed for the contents of bioactive compounds (total polyphenols) and for antioxidant properties (ABTS and DPPH assays). The ozone treatment did not produce adverse changes in the physiological parameters of the sorrel plants. Furthermore, no visible damage to the leaves was observed. On the other hand, the ozone fumigation induced the phenomenon of elicitation as a result of which it was observed that the ozone-treated sorrel plants had higher total polyphenol contents and greater antioxidant potential, compared to the plants of the same species grown in a traditional way without the ozone fumigation. Application of ozone fumigation in the production of Rumex sanguineus is associated with increased bioactive potential of the raw material obtained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ozone Effects on Crop Production)
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18 pages, 1559 KiB  
Article
Novel Endotherapy-Based Applications of Ozonated Water to Bobal Grapevines: Effect on Grape Quality
by Ana Campayo, Kortes Serrano de la Hoz, M. Mercedes García-Martínez, M. Rosario Salinas and Gonzalo L. Alonso
Agronomy 2020, 10(9), 1218; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091218 - 19 Aug 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3595
Abstract
Ozonated water has recently been incorporated in the management of grapevine diseases, which in turn can alter the fruit quality. When wood-inhabiting pathogens are involved, trunk injection or “endotherapy” represents a promising application method. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect [...] Read more.
Ozonated water has recently been incorporated in the management of grapevine diseases, which in turn can alter the fruit quality. When wood-inhabiting pathogens are involved, trunk injection or “endotherapy” represents a promising application method. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect on grape quality of ozonated water applied to Vitis vinifera L. cv. Bobal grapevines through endotherapy (E) or its combination with spraying (E + S). Grape quality at harvest was evaluated through several enological and chromatic parameters, the phenolic maturity, the varietal aroma potential index (IPAv) and the phenolic and volatile composition. The E treatment improved the chromatic characteristics and favored the accumulation of phenolic compounds. Conversely, E + S had a detrimental effect on the color and phenolic content and, although their synthesis was enhanced, the extractability of anthocyanins was negatively affected. In terms of aroma, both treatments reduced the content of glycosylated precursors but increased certain free volatiles. The application of ozonated water to grapevines, even when injected into the trunk, results in changes in fruit quality and a possible impact on wine attributes. Our findings and those in the literature support that, with the appropriate dose, frequency and method of application, ozonated water could be used with a twofold objective: disease management and grape quality improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ozone Effects on Crop Production)
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