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Recent Development in Utilization of Waste Ash for Construction Materials

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 4239

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jessica Giró Paloma

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Guest Editor

Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: materials in the construction field; recycling; valorization; by-products; revalorization and environment; inertization; MSW usage for construction aggregates; thermal and acoustic insulation; alternative binders; leaching tests; materials for the improvement of energy efficiency; thermal energy storage; industrial processes; pilot plants; optimization processes, circular economy; alkali-activated materials; magnesium phosphate cements; pozzolanic reaction; ceramic materials; lightweight materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Joan Formosa Mitjans

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Guest Editor

Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: sustainable construction materials; recycling and beneficiation of by-products in construction application materials; cement; supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and concrete; advanced materials for energy storage; green buildings; repairing materials for structural concrete; magnesium phosphate cements; alkali-activated materials and cements; waste materials for construction; fireproof materials; fire behavior; research in municipal solid waste management; environmental and mechanical behavior; environmental impact assessment; alternative binders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of waste ash for construction purposes reduces landfilling and enhances the sustainability criteria. This research field represents an important issue, both for the scientist community and society.

The potential use of waste ash depends not only on its contents of hazardous compounds, but also on, for example, many elements for the development of novel alternative binders to Portland cement.

The purpose of modern alternatives to conventional construction materials, including the integration of sustainable and environmental criteria, such as light-weight materials, isolating materials, alternative binders and façades, the improvement of the corrosion qualities of steel-bar-reinforced concrete, the reparation of construction materials (including durability aspects) and many other properties, is to address important issues regarding global tendencies to avoid CO₂ release through developments and the design of treatments.

This Special Issue aims to focus on novel perspectives regarding the use of waste ash for the development of construction materials, as well as the use of modern characterization techniques, such as MAS-NMR, FT-IR, nanoindentation, SEM, ITZ, etc. Moreover, the Special Issue encourages studies related to the functional properties of the final products, including comfort in buildings, the improvement of energy consumption in buildings by reducing the use of HVAC systems, acoustic behavior, fire-proof properties, etc.

Topics discussed within this Special Issue should focus not only on modern methods, technologies and further applications of developed materials, but also on the properties after service in long-term studies for durability and environmental assessments.

Dr. Jessica Giró Paloma
Prof. Dr. Joan Formosa Mitjans
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

construction materials
waste ash recycling and management
reuse
aggregates
life cycle assessment
ash valorization
inertization
environment
municipal incinerator bottom ash
alternative binders
ash heat treatments
fly ash and bottom ash
potential ash reactivity
washed ashes

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 5848 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of Sieving as a Mean to Increase Utilization Rate of Biomass Fly Ash in Cement-Based Composites

by Jakub Popławski and Małgorzata Lelusz

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1659; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031659 - 28 Jan 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1128

Abstract

Biomass fly ash is a growing challenge for combustion by-product (CBP) management. This research was conducted to investigate the influence of activation by sieving through a 63 µm sieve and a 125 µm sieve on fresh and hardened cement mortar properties. Sieving increased the CaO content by 9.3 percentage points (p.p.) in the oxide composition of the fly ash. The 28-day Strength Activity Indices increased by 24.9 p.p. A 25% replacement rate of cement with fly ash sieved with a 63 µm sieve increased the 2-day compressive strength of mortars by 24% when compared with untreated fly ash. The 90-day compressive strength results of cement mortars with a 15% replacement rate of cement with fly ash sieved with a 63 µm sieve were similar to the control specimen results. The utilization rate of biomass fly ash can be increased to 15% of binder mass without the detrimental effect of the mechanical properties of cement mortar. SEM and TG analyses showed that activated biomass fly ash promoted the growth of the C-S-H phase and ettringite. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development in Utilization of Waste Ash for Construction Materials)

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15 pages, 2393 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Recycling Bio-Based Wastes into Road-Base Binder: Mechanical, Leaching, and Radiological Implications

by B. Peceño, S. Hurtado-Bermudez, B. Alonso-Fariñas, M. Villa-Alfageme, J. L. Más and C. Leiva

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1644; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031644 - 27 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1459

Abstract

This work presents a physical, mechanical, durability, leaching, and radiological assay of three wastes (egg and scallop shells and olive pomace ash) as road-base binders. Two different waste/Portland-cement ratios (7.5/92.5 and 80/20) were studied. Density and compressive strength decreased when different wastes were added in every proportion. Additions of 7.5% of both shells reduce the density to about 2.5% and the compressive strength to 20%, while 80% reduces the density to 20% and the compressive strength to 90%, while the addition of biomass fly ash decreases the density and compressive strength in a higher proportion than shells. The durability against acid attack is increased when the three wastes are used, and this increase is higher when the waste dosage is increased (up to 15 times more when 80% biomass ash is used). With respect to leaching, scallop and eggshells can be used as a component of hydraulic road binder, but olive pomace ash presents leaching values higher than the limits of different regulations (Se, Pb, Ni, Mo, Cu, and As). From a radiological perspective, all road-base binders present an activity concentration index lower than 1, except when olive pomace ash was used, and the binders showed higher values of ⁴⁰K due to the high potassium content of fly ash. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development in Utilization of Waste Ash for Construction Materials)

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Review

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16 pages, 9829 KiB

Open AccessReview

Glass Ceramic with Improved Structure and Properties Made with Wastes from FeNi Production

by Alexander Karamanov

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(10), 6206; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13106206 - 18 May 2023

Viewed by 969

Abstract

Hazardous residues from ferronickel production are vitrified. The optimum thermal regime for the conversion of the resulting glass into glass-ceramics is estimated by rapid alternative methods: the nucleation step is valued by DTA, and the crystallization step by density measurements. The results show that a short and inexpensive thermal treatment can be used. The evolution of phase formation is highlighted by XRD, SEM–EDS, FESEM and TEM. Due to the presence of 1.5 wt % chromium oxides and high amounts of iron and magnesium oxides, the crystallization process is peculiar. It starts during the melt’s cooling with the precipitation of preliminary Fe-Mg-Cr spinel crystals, which then act as centers for growth of pyroxenes. Simultaneously, due to liquid–liquid immiscibility, the main amorphous phase forms a nonhomogeneous binodal structure, which becomes finer after the nucleation treatment. Subsequently, thus formed iron-rich drops are transformed into tiny secondary magnetite spinel, acting as nuclei for the main crystallization process. As a result, new pyroxenes with sizes of about 200 nm are formed and the total crystallinity reaches about 60%. Regardless of the large amounts of problematic wastes in the batch, the resulting glass shows good chemical durability, while the glass-ceramic is characterized by optimal mechanical characteristics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development in Utilization of Waste Ash for Construction Materials)

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