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Optical Coherence Tomography and Its Applications II

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2020) | Viewed by 14381

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Yaochun Shen

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Guest Editor

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 5TR, UK
Interests: optical coherence tomography; terahertz imaging; non-destructive testing; imaging method; process analytical technology; coating
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a powerful non-invasive optical imaging technique that acquires real-time cross-sectional images at micron-scale resolution. Since its invention in 1991, OCT soon became an indispensable tool for the diagnosis and management of many eye diseases. Because of the technology’s capabilities and inherent practicality, OCT continues to move into new biomedical applications, including cardiovascular research, dermatology and dental diagnosis, small animal imaging, and many more. In addition, with the advances in new light sources (for example, swept light source and supercontinuum light source) and developments in new imaging modalities (high-resolution OCT microscope, high-speed OCT angiography, etc.), OCT has also expanded into non-medical application areas, particularly in the field of non-destructive evaluation, including both off-line inspection and in-line process monitoring. This Special Issue of the journal Applied Sciences, “Optical Coherence Tomography and Its Applications” is dedicated to covering some of the recent advances in this novel technology, as well as medical and non-medical applications of OCT.

Prof. Dr. Yaochun Shen
Guest Editor

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Keywords

optical coherence tomography
optical coherence angiography
optical coherence microscopy
polarization-sensitive OCT
Doppler OCT
swept light source
supercontinuum light source
ophthalmic imaging
dermatology and dental application
non-destructive evaluation

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 3058 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Correlation between Lesion Progression and Depolarization Assessed by Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography

by Florian Tetschke, Jonas Golde, Tobias Rosenauer, Sabine Basche, Julia Walther, Lars Kirsten, Edmund Koch and Christian Hannig

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(8), 2971; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10082971 - 24 Apr 2020

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3207

Abstract

The detection of early stages of caries is still one of the major challenges in preservative dentistry. Since it is known from polarized light microscopy (PLM) that intrinsic enamel birefringence is affected by demineralization, polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) could facilitate the noninvasive detection and assessment of early carious lesions. The present study aims to correlate enamel lesion progression and depolarization measurements based on PSOCT in an artificial demineralization model. A total of 18 enamel slabs were prepared from bovine incisor teeth and demineralized in an acetic buffer solution for up to 49 days. The degree of polarization (DOP)—indicating depolarization and thus, demineralization—was calculated from PSOCT measurements and compared to lesion depth which was measured from PLM images. Artificial lesions showed characteristic zones of natural enamel demineralization in PLM images. DOP representations showed no depolarization for sound, nondemineralized enamel, whereas significant changes were found after 15 days of acid-exposition. The linear regression analysis of the DOP and the measured lesion depth showed a substantial correlation (

R^{2} = 0.71

). The results indicate that PSOCT-based depolarization imaging provides an unambiguous contrast for initial enamel demineralization which is correlated to the lesion progression. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography and Its Applications II)

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12 pages, 5236 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Three-Dimensional Characterization of Peripapillary Retinal Pigment Epithelium-Basement Membrane Layer in Patients following Lumbar Puncture

by Junfei Tong, Pengfei Dong, Sachin Kedar, Deepta Ghate and Linxia Gu

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(5), 1559; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10051559 - 25 Feb 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2813

Abstract

Purpose: To develop and test an innovative semi-automatic method for quantifying the three-dimensional morphology of the peripapillary retinal pigment epithelium-basement membrane (ppRPE/BM) layer, with application to lumbar puncture (LP) patients. Methods: Nineteen patients undergoing LP were recruited. The optic nerve head images of both eyes were acquired in 12 radial directions using optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and after LP. For each OCT image, the ppRPE/BM layer was automatically segmented with manual corrections by independent graders when necessary. The linear regression model of the ppRPE/BM layer was fitted using the least squares approach, and the ppRPE/BM layer angle was measured as the slope of the linear regression line. The Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlations (ICC) were used to assess the inter-observer reliabilities in measuring the ppRPE/BM layer angle. The repeated measures ANOVA analysis was applied to determine whether the ppRPE/BM layer angle changes following LP varied across the radial directions. Results: The percentages of scans that required manual corrections were 24% and 32% in the right eyes and left eyes, respectively. The Bland–Altman plots and ICC demonstrated excellent inter-observer reliability. The ppRPE/BM layer angle varied significantly across the 12 radial OCT scanning directions both before and after LP. However, the LP-induced changes in the ppRPE/BM layer angle across different radial directions were not statistically significant (p-value > 0.01). Conclusions: The three-dimensional quantifications of the ppRPE/BM layer angles, enabled by the semi-automatic method, provided enhanced information of the optic nerve head structure. For LP patients, the ppRPE/BM layer angle changes following the LP did not vary significantly across various radial directions, indicating that it could be evaluated in any radial direction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography and Its Applications II)

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12 pages, 3973 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ultrahigh Resolution Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography of the Human Cornea with Conical Scanning Pattern and Variable Dispersion Compensation

by Florian Beer, Rahul P. Patil, Abhijit Sinha-Roy, Bernhard Baumann, Michael Pircher and Christoph K. Hitzenberger

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(20), 4245; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204245 - 11 Oct 2019

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2912

Abstract

Noninvasive corneal imaging is essential for the diagnosis and treatment control of various diseases affecting the anterior segment of the eye. This study presents an ultrahigh resolution polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography instrument operating in the 840 nm wavelength band that incorporates a conical scanning design for large field of view imaging of the cornea. As the conical scanning introduces a dispersion mismatch depending on the scanning angle, this study implemented variable, location dependent, numerical dispersion compensation in order to achieve high axial resolution throughout the imaged volume. The corneal images were recorded in vivo in healthy volunteers showing various details of corneal structures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography and Its Applications II)

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Review

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16 pages, 1431 KiB

Open AccessReview

Application of OCT in the Gastrointestinal Tract

by Nicholas S. Samel and Hiroshi Mashimo

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(15), 2991; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9152991 - 25 Jul 2019

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4997

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is uniquely poised for advanced imaging in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as it allows real-time, subsurface and wide-field evaluation at near-microscopic resolution, which may improve the current limitations or even obviate the need of superficial random biopsies in the surveillance of early neoplasias in the near future. OCT’s greatest impact so far in the GI tract has been in the study of the tubular esophagus owing to its accessibility, less bends and folds and allowance of balloon employment with optimal contact to aid circumferential imaging. Moreover, given the alarming rise in the incidence of Barrett’s esophagus and its progression to adenocarcinoma in the U.S., OCT has helped identify pathological features that may guide future therapy and follow-up strategy. This review will explore the current uses of OCT in the gastrointestinal tract and future directions, particularly with non-endoscopic office-based capsule OCT and the use of artificial intelligence to aid in diagnoses. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography and Its Applications II)

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