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Ophiolites and Their Industrial and Environmental Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 2212

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Guest Editor
Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas (CERTH),15125 Athens, Greece
Interests: energy storage and policy; hydrogen; carbon capture and stotage; geo-engineering; hydro-pump energy storage; nanomaterials; land reclamation; ultramafic rocks petrology; industrial minerals; critical raw materials
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ophiolites comprise key suites to understanding the Earth’s mantle and oceanic crust development and geotectonic evolution; however, ophiolites used as construction materials have many industrial and environmental applications and have constituted part of our daily life for hundreds of years. This Special Issue will explore modern and alternative applications from rocks where included in ophiolite complexes in the world in a wide range of industrial and environmental applications that are directly dependent on their particular mineralogical characteristics. An extensive study of the relationship and effect of the petrography of ophiolites is also suggested in new construction materials and applications, such as concrete and road construction. More specifically, the effect of different types of hard aggregate materials on the quality of produced concrete for build and road constructions will be examined. Several analytical methods such as optical microscopy, SEM, diffraction methods, XRF, EPMA, ICP-MS, FTIR, Raman, TEM, and tomography are used in order to analyze in detail the petrographic features of each construction material. A supplementary aim of this Special Issue is to present the development of environmental applications of these rocks for wastewater treatment and perhaps used as energy storage reservoirs (e.g., CO2 storage in basalts or/and serpentinites), thus enhancing life cycle sustainability. Among commonly proposed CO2 storage techniques, the injection of anthropogenic CO2 into deep basalt and peridotite formations is quite promising due to their large potential storage capacity and broad geographic distribution. Contributions from geoscientists and engineers or engineering geologists who deal with mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry, structural features, construction materials, CO2 capture, and mapping of ophiolites are very welcome. 

Prof. Dr. Nikolaos Koukouzas
Guest Editor

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Research

22 pages, 7591 KiB  
Article
Influence of Petrogenesis on the Engineering Properties of Ultramafic Aggregates and on Their Suitability in Concrete
by Petros Petrounias, Panagiota P. Giannakopoulou, Aikaterini Rogkala, Alkiviadis Sideridis, Petros Koutsovitis, Paraskevi Lampropoulou, Nikolaos Koukouzas, Panagiotis Pomonis and Konstantin Hatzipanagiotou
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(8), 3990; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12083990 - 14 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1757
Abstract
This study focuses on the use of petrology as a useful tool in construction applications (i.e., concrete). More specifically, this study investigates how the petrogenetic characteristics of ultramafic rocks derived from ophiolite complexes (Veria–Naousa, Gerania) can act as a key tool for the [...] Read more.
This study focuses on the use of petrology as a useful tool in construction applications (i.e., concrete). More specifically, this study investigates how the petrogenetic characteristics of ultramafic rocks derived from ophiolite complexes (Veria–Naousa, Gerania) can act as a key tool for the prediction of the final behaviour of ultramafic aggregates as concrete aggregates. For this reason, their petrographic, chemical and mineralogical characteristics were examined and correlated with their engineering properties for evaluating their suitability as concrete aggregates. This study had come up, for the first time, that the genesis environment of the ultramafic rocks is the determinant factor for their physico-mechanical characteristics. Their suitability is relevant to the impact of their mineralogical and structural characteristics both from the two different ophiolite complexes (Veria–Naousa and Gerania). Except serpentinization, the basic alteration process-index of ultramafic rocks, there are also other chemical indices which can be used for ultramafic rocks that may determine their properties. In this context the term ‘fertility rate’ (FR) was introduced which may characterize ultramafic rocks as fertile or not. Furthermore, the Ultramafic Rock Health Index (U.R.H.I.) as well as the Normalized U.R.H.I. (U.R.H.I.N) was also introduced and correlated with the engineering properties of the investigated aggregate rocks. The last index aims to assess and quantify the overall health conditions, encompassing the two major modifying factors that include removal of primary mineral phases, as well as the extent of serpentinization. The main conclusion of this paper is that the genesis environment of the ultramafic rocks is the critical factor that determines their mineralogical, petrographic and chemical characteristics which consequently determines the basic engineering properties of rocks that determine their suitability or not as concrete aggregates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ophiolites and Their Industrial and Environmental Applications)
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