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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Atmospheric Dispersion and Chemistry Models: Advances and Applications (2nd Edition)
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Atmospheric Dispersion and Chemistry Models: Advances and Applications (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 26 July 2024 | Viewed by 2177

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Daniel Viúdez-Moreiras

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial, 28850 Madrid, Spain
Interests: modeling & simulation; planetary atmospheres; atmospheric dynamics and chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a follow-up of its first edition entitled "Atmospheric Dispersion and Chemistry Models: Advances and Applications" (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere/special_issues/Atmospheric_Dispersion_Models), published in Atmosphere in 2023.

Atmospheric dispersion and chemical transport models (CTMs) are an essential tool in atmospheric chemistry and environmental sciences. From urban air pollution modeling to ozone depletion, these models give us a picture, at different scales, of the distribution of species concentrations and pollutant deposition rates, among other relevant quantities. These models help us to interpret observational data which, in some cases, are sparse and incomplete.

Many dispersion models and CTMs have been developed to date, employing both Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches, each mostly focused on a particular spatial scale and application. A large portion of them do not generate their own meteorological field, which is previously computed by an external meteorological model, i.e., a complete meteorological prediction is not required to be run for each dispersion simulation, significantly minimizing the computational times associated with an online approach.

Their usefulness is not limited to only scientific research, but also to supporting environmental decision making. Therefore, the characterization of model uncertainties and model validation play a central role in the development of model applications.

This Special Issue (SI) of the open access journal Atmosphere aims to cover papers related to all aspects involved in the development of atmospheric dispersion models and CTMs, such as the implementation of new physical and chemical schemes, online and offline coupling with meteorological models, application studies related to atmospheric transport and chemistry, urban air quality assessments, and model evaluation.

Dr. Daniel Viúdez-Moreiras
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • atmospheric dispersion model
  • atmospheric chemistry model
  • model development
  • air quality modeling
  • air pollution modeling
  • atmospheric modeling and simulation
  • atmospheric measurement techniques
  • atmospheric chemistry

Published Papers (2 papers)

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17 pages, 3273 KiB  
Article
Simulation of the Jet Fire Using Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling (ALOHA): A Case Study of Natural Gas Pipeline in Istanbul, Türkiye
by Remzi Besiktas, Hakki Baltaci and Bulent Oktay Akkoyunlu
Atmosphere 2024, 15(4), 456; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040456 - 06 Apr 2024
Viewed by 563
Abstract
Natural gas is known as a widely used energy source in residential, business and industrial areas. During the transportation of natural gas by pipelines, accidents occur due to various reasons, which can also lead to gas output. These accidents are events that have [...] Read more.
Natural gas is known as a widely used energy source in residential, business and industrial areas. During the transportation of natural gas by pipelines, accidents occur due to various reasons, which can also lead to gas output. These accidents are events that have the potential to pose important risks in terms of life and property safety, particularly in urban areas and surrounding of pipeline routings. In this study, accident scenarios were generated based on a natural gas distribution pipeline fire that occurred in Istanbul (NW Türkiye) on 28 April 2020 and the impact areas of the jet fire were calculated using the ALOHA program. The effects of source release factors (i.e., pipe length and diameter) and atmospheric conditions (i.e., wind speed, cloud cover, air temperature and relative humidity) on the thermal radiation threat distances associated with jet fire were calculated for the current and worst scenarios. As a result, it was found that pipe length and diameter have a significant effect on threat distances. In addition to the role of the synoptic circulation mechanism on the jet fire for the selected episodic event (position of low/high pressure centers), local atmospheric conditions also have an effect on the threat distance. From the modeling analysis, significant impact of wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity values on the threat distances were found. In the worst scenario, if there were strong northeasterly winds reaching 30.9 m per hour at the time of the jet fire, the threat distances would have been 21 m (red), 28 m (orange) and 42 m (yellow). This case shows that if a natural gas jet fire occurs under the influence of strong northeasterly winds (passing over the Black Sea without encountering any topographic obstacles), poisonous gas will be transported to long distances in a short time and will negatively affect social life and economy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Dispersion and Chemistry Models: Advances and Applications (2nd Edition))
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10 pages, 3125 KiB  
Article
Defining Detection Limits for Continuous Monitoring Systems for Methane Emissions at Oil and Gas Facilities
by Qining Chen, Yosuke Kimura and David T. Allen
Atmosphere 2024, 15(3), 383; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15030383 - 20 Mar 2024
Viewed by 712
Abstract
Networks of fixed-point continuous monitoring systems are becoming widely used in the detection and quantification of methane emissions from oil and gas facilities in the United States. Regulatory agencies and operators are developing performance metrics for these systems, such as minimum detection limits. [...] Read more.
Networks of fixed-point continuous monitoring systems are becoming widely used in the detection and quantification of methane emissions from oil and gas facilities in the United States. Regulatory agencies and operators are developing performance metrics for these systems, such as minimum detection limits. Performance characteristics, such as minimum detection limits, would ideally be expressed in emission rate units; however, performance parameters such as detection limits for a continuous monitoring system (CMS) will depend on meteorological conditions, the characteristics of emissions at the site where the CMS is deployed, the positioning of CMS devices in relation to the emission sources, and the amount of time allowed for the CMS to detect an emission source. This means that certifying the performance of a CMS will require test protocols with well-defined emission rates and durations; initial protocols are now being used in field tests. Field testing results will vary, however, depending on meteorological conditions and the time allowed for detection. This work demonstrates methods for evaluating CMS performance characteristics using dispersion modeling and defines an approach for normalizing test results to standard meteorological conditions using dispersion modeling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Dispersion and Chemistry Models: Advances and Applications (2nd Edition))
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