Marine Aerosols and Their Effects on Aerosol-Cloud Interactions

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Aerosols".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 September 2024) | Viewed by 2986

Special Issue Editors

School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Interests: aerosol; physical and chemical properties; cloud condensation nuclei; ice nuclei; marine ecosystem; aerosol–cloud interactions
Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen, China
Interests: marine biogenic sulfur cycles; marine aerosols; climate change; aerosol chemistry
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aerosols and clouds absorb and scatter solar and terrestrial radiation and play important roles in the Earth’s energy balance. Aerosol particles participate in the Earth’s radiation budget and the climate system via two pathways: radiative forcing due to aerosol–radiation interactions that arise from direct scattering and absorption of solar and terrestrial radiation by aerosols; and radiative forcing from aerosol–cloud interactions  that arise from aerosols acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN). In the marine environment, aerosols are generated through the air–sea exchange process, including primary emissions and secondary formations. Marine aerosols are important for determining the physical and chemical characteristics of the Earth’s atmosphere and for their interactions with the climate system. Under global warming, gas precursors of marine aerosols may vary to a certain degree, and the respone of natural aerosols may amplify or attenutate the effects of radiative forcing. Moreover, the response of clouds to aerosol changes may be much more complex than that understood decades ago. The links between marine biology, cloud properties, and climate are complex.

This Special Issue calls for papers that explore topics that focus on marine aerosols and their effects on aerosol–cloud interactions through field observations and model simulations. This research will help us better understand the role of marine aerosols and their effect on climate change.

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather the latest research on marine aerosols and their climate effects. Potential research topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Chemical and physical properties of marine aerosols;
  • Number of concentrations and size distributions of marine aerosols;
  • Marine biogenic volatile organic compounds;
  • Marine aerosol particles, gas precursors, and new particle formation;
  • Correlations between phytoplankton dynamics, aerosols, and cloud microphysical processes;
  • Observations and model simulations of DMS and aerosol sulfate;
  • Aerosols acting as CCN and IN in the lower marine atmosphere;
  • Marine aerosols and climate change.

Dr. Guojie Xu
Dr. Jinpei Yan
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • aerosols
  • atmospheric chemistry
  • cloud condensation nuclei
  • ice nuclei
  • aerosol–cloud interactions
  • marine ecosystem
  • climate change

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

15 pages, 1010 KiB  
Review
Atmospheric Particle Number Concentrations and New Particle Formation over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica: A Critical Review
by Jiayu Wang, Guojie Xu, Liqi Chen and Kui Chen
Atmosphere 2023, 14(2), 402; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020402 - 19 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2352
Abstract
The Southern Ocean (SO) and Antarctica play important roles in the global climate. The new particle formation (NPF) alters the availability of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), leading to impacts on the cloud reflectance and global radiative budget. In this review, we introduce the [...] Read more.
The Southern Ocean (SO) and Antarctica play important roles in the global climate. The new particle formation (NPF) alters the availability of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), leading to impacts on the cloud reflectance and global radiative budget. In this review, we introduce the common instruments for measuring particle number concentration (PNC) and particle number size distribution (PNSD). Based on the observations over the Antarctic and some Antarctic research stations, we explored spatial and temporal characteristics of PNCs and PNSDs. From the SO to the interior of the Antarctic, the total PNCs show a decreasing trend, and the total PNCs present an obvious seasonal cycle, with the low concentration in winter (June–August) and the high concentration in summer (December–February). By summarizing the research progress over the SO and Antarctica, we discuss possible precursors of the NPF: sulfuric acid (H2SO4, SA), methanesulfonic acid (CH3S(O)2OH, MSA), dimethyl sulfide ((CH3)2S, DMS), iodic acid (HIO3, IA), iodous acid (HIO2), ammonia (NH3), dimethylamine ((CH3)2NH, DMA), highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) and other organics with low vapor pressure. We also explore several possible nucleation mechanisms: ion-induced nucleation of H2SO4 and NH3, H2SO4-amines, H2SO4-DMA-H2O, H2SO4-MSA-DMA, IA-MSA, IA-DMA, heterogeneous IA-organics nucleation mechanisms and environmental conditions required for the NPF. NPF is one of the main sources of CCN in the remote marine boundary layer, such as the SO and Antarctica. Thus, we discuss the contribution of NPF to CCN and the indirect impacts of NPF on climate. Through this review, we could better understand the PNC and NPF over the SO and Antarctica and their impacts on the global climate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Aerosols and Their Effects on Aerosol-Cloud Interactions)
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