Feature Papers in Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1433

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Guest Editor
Met Office, Foundation and Weather Science, Exeter EX1 3PB, UK
Interests: atmospheric radiative transfer; satellite; airborne and ground-based remote sensing; retrieval of atmospheric and surface properties; electromagnetic scattering theory; cirrus; operational satellite data assimilation; numerical methods; big data; machine learning techniques
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce that the section Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling is now compiling a collection of papers submitted by the Editorial Board Members (EBMs) of our journal and outstanding scholars in this research field. We welcome contributions and recommendations from the EBMs.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to publish a set of papers that typify the most exceptional, insightful, influential, and original research articles or reviews. We expect these papers to be widely read and highly influential within the field. All the papers in this Special Issue will be collated into a printed edition book after the deadline and will be well promoted.

We would also like to take this opportunity to call on more scholars to join the journal section Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling so that we can work together to further develop this exciting field of research.

Dr. Stephan Havemann
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • remote sensing
  • instruments
  • laboratory measurement techniques
  • artificial intelligence
  • machine learning
  • data science
  • model development
  • algorithm
  • satellite
  • carbon balance/carbon cycle
  • infrared spectroscopy
  • lidar
  • radar
  • unmanned aerial vehicles/drone
  • point cloud
  • GNSS
  • microwave radiometry

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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31 pages, 7104 KiB  
Article
Assessing Nitrogen Dioxide in the Highveld Troposphere: Pandora Insights and TROPOMI Sentinel-5P Evaluation
by Refilwe F. Kai-Sikhakhane, Mary C. Scholes, Stuart J. Piketh, Jos van Geffen, Rebecca M. Garland, Henno Havenga and Robert J. Scholes
Atmosphere 2024, 15(10), 1187; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15101187 - 3 Oct 2024
Viewed by 461
Abstract
Nitrogen oxides, particularly NO2, are emitted through a variety of industrial and transport processes globally. The world’s continuous economic development, including in developing countries, results in an increasing concentration of those gases in the atmosphere. Yet, there is scant information on [...] Read more.
Nitrogen oxides, particularly NO2, are emitted through a variety of industrial and transport processes globally. The world’s continuous economic development, including in developing countries, results in an increasing concentration of those gases in the atmosphere. Yet, there is scant information on the current state and recent evolution of these atmospheric pollutants over a range of spatial and temporal scales, especially in Africa. This, in turn, hinders the assessment of the emissions and the evaluation of potential risks or impacts on societies and their economies, as well as on the environment. This study attempts to fill the gap by leveraging data from a Pandora-2S ground-based, column-integrating instrument located in Wakkerstroom in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa and space-based remote sensing data obtained from the TROPOMI instrument onboard the ESA Sentinel-5P satellite. We compare these two spatially (horizontal) representative data sets using statistical tools to investigate the concentrations of emitted and transported NO2 at this particular location, expecting that a significant positive correlation between the NO2 tropospheric vertical column (TVC) data might justify using the TROPOMI data, available globally, as a proxy for tropospheric and boundary layer NO2 concentrations over the Highveld of South Africa more generally. The data from the two instruments showed no significant difference between the interannual mean TVC-NO2 in 2020 and 2021. The seasonal patterns for both instruments were different in 2020, but in 2021, both measured peak TVC-NO2 concentrations in late winter (week 34). The instruments both detected higher TVC-NO2 concentrations during transitions between seasons, particularly from winter to spring. The TVC-NO2 concentrations measured in Wakkerstroom Mpumalanga are mostly contributed to by the emission sources in the low troposphere, such as biomass burning and emissions from local power stations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling)
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Review

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14 pages, 2057 KiB  
Review
Methods, Progress and Challenges in Global Monitoring of Carbon Emissions from Biomass Combustion
by Ge Qu, Yusheng Shi, Yongliang Yang, Wen Wu and Zhitao Zhou
Atmosphere 2024, 15(10), 1247; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15101247 - 18 Oct 2024
Viewed by 382
Abstract
Global biomass burning represents a significant source of carbon emissions, exerting a substantial influence on the global carbon cycle and climate change. As global carbon emissions become increasingly concerning, accurately quantifying the carbon emissions from biomass burning has emerged as a pivotal and [...] Read more.
Global biomass burning represents a significant source of carbon emissions, exerting a substantial influence on the global carbon cycle and climate change. As global carbon emissions become increasingly concerning, accurately quantifying the carbon emissions from biomass burning has emerged as a pivotal and challenging area of scientific research. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the primary monitoring techniques for carbon emissions from biomass burning, encompassing both bottom-up and top-down approaches. It examines the current status and limitations of these techniques in practice. The bottom-up method primarily employs terrestrial ecosystem models, emission inventory methods, and fire radiation power (FRP) techniques, which rely on the integration of fire activity data and emission factors to estimate carbon emissions. The top-down method employs atmospheric observation data and atmospheric chemical transport models to invert carbon emission fluxes. Both methods continue to face significant challenges, such as limited satellite resolution affecting data accuracy, uncertainties in emission factors in regions lacking ground validation, and difficulties in model optimization due to the complexity of atmospheric processes. In light of these considerations, this paper explores the prospective evolution of carbon emission monitoring technology for biomass burning, with a particular emphasis on the significance of high-precision estimation methodologies, technological advancements in satellite remote sensing, and the optimization of global emission inventories. This study aims to provide a forward-looking perspective on the evolution of carbon emission monitoring from biomass burning, offering a valuable reference point for related scientific research and policy formulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling)
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