Mathematical Analysis Is the Theoretical Basis of a Number of Mathematical Disciplines

A special issue of Axioms (ISSN 2075-1680). This special issue belongs to the section "Mathematical Analysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 26982

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Department of Higher Mathematics, Institute of Digital Technologies and Mathematical Modeling in Construction (ICTMS), National Research Moscow State University (NRU MGSU), 129337 Moscow, Russia
Interests: analytical theory of differential equations; nonlinear differential equations; differential equations with fractional derivatives; mathematical modeling; computational mathematics
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Guest Editor
Department of Mathematical Analysis and Numerical Mathematics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: dynamical systems; fractional systems; functional analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues.

This issue is devoted to sections of mathematical disciplines that apply the basics of mathematical analysis to prove results in such areas as differential equations and optimal control, mathematical physics, mathematical problems of artificial intelligence, and interdisciplinary applications of mathematical theory—in particular when obtaining conditions for the solvability of differential equations in the analytical theory of differential equations; when proving the existence and uniqueness theorems of solutions of nonlinear differential equations with movable singular points both in the area of analyticity and in the vicinity of movable singular points, as well as when constructing analytical approximate solutions of such equations; when proving the existence and uniqueness theorems of solutions for equations with fractional derivatives and proving convergence during numerical calculations; when developing methods for substantiating mathematical models based on differential equations of both ordinary and fractional derivatives in various fields of human activity; when developing a mathematical apparatus of artificial intelligence elements to expand the capabilities of classical numerical methods; and when applying mathematical theory in the study of building structures and calculations.

It should be noted that the Special Issue is open to further ideas beyond the aforementioned topics.

We hope that this initiative will be attractive to experts in the field of the theory of differential equations with both ordinary and fractional derivatives, as well as their theoretical and practical applications. We recommend that you submit your current research for inclusion in a Special Issue.

Researchers working in this interdisciplinary field can present their original research results, as well as explanatory and review articles.

Contributions may be submitted on an ongoing basis before the deadline. After the review process, the materials will be selected for publication based on their quality and relevance.

Prof. Dr. Viktor N. Orlov
Prof. Dr. Michal Feckan
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • the theorem of existence and uniqueness of the solution of a nonlinear differential equation in the field of analyticity
  • the theorem of existence and uniqueness of the solution of a nonlinear differential equation in the vicinity of a moving singular point
  • the theorem of the existence of a solution to a differential equation with fractional derivatives
  • analytical approximate solution of a nonlinear differential equation in the field of analyticity, a priori and a posteriori error estimates
  • analytical approximate solution of a nonlinear differential equation in the vicinity of a moving singular point, a priori and a posteriori error estimates
  • approximate analytical and numerical solutions of a differential equation with fractional derivatives
  • verification of the fractional derivative indicator for the mathematical model of the process under study
  • mathematical justification for an equation with a fractional derivative as a model of the process under study
  • mathematical models of building structures
  • stability analysis of fractional differential equations

Published Papers (17 papers)

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19 pages, 1153 KiB  
Article
Newton-like Normal S-iteration under Weak Conditions
by Manoj K. Singh, Ioannis K. Argyros and Arvind K. Singh
Axioms 2023, 12(3), 283; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12030283 - 08 Mar 2023
Viewed by 941
Abstract
In the present paper, we introduced a quadratically convergent Newton-like normal S-iteration method free from the second derivative for the solution of nonlinear equations permitting f(x)=0 at some points in the neighborhood of the root. Our proposed [...] Read more.
In the present paper, we introduced a quadratically convergent Newton-like normal S-iteration method free from the second derivative for the solution of nonlinear equations permitting f(x)=0 at some points in the neighborhood of the root. Our proposed method works well when the Newton method fails and performs even better than some higher-order converging methods. Numerical results verified that the Newton-like normal S-iteration method converges faster than Fang et al.’s method. We studied different aspects of the normal S-iteration method regarding the faster convergence to the root. Lastly, the dynamic results support the numerical results and explain the convergence, divergence, and stability of the proposed method. Full article
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22 pages, 362 KiB  
Article
On the Structure of Coisometric Extensions
by Dan Popovici
Axioms 2023, 12(2), 202; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12020202 - 14 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1131
Abstract
If T is a bounded linear operator on a Hilbert space H and V is a given linear isometry on a Hilbert space K, we present necessary and sufficient conditions on T in order to ensure the existence of a linear isometry [...] Read more.
If T is a bounded linear operator on a Hilbert space H and V is a given linear isometry on a Hilbert space K, we present necessary and sufficient conditions on T in order to ensure the existence of a linear isometry π:HK such that πT=V*π (i.e., (π,V*) extends T). We parametrize the set of all solutions π of this equation. We show, for example, that for a given unitary operator U on a Hilbert space E and for the multiplication operator by the independent variable Mz on the Hardy space HD2(D), there exists an isometric operator π:HEHD2(D) such that (π,(UMz)*) extends T if and only if T is a contraction, the defect index δTdimD and, for some Y:ATE, (Y,U*) extends the isometric operator AT1/2hAT1/2Th on the space AT=ATH¯, where AT is the asymptotic limit associated with T. We also prove that if T is isometric and V is unitary, there exists an isometric operator π:HK such that (π,V) extends T if and only if (a) the spectral measures of the unitary part of T (in its Wold decomposition) and the restriction of V to one of its reducing subspaces K0 possess identical multiplicity functions and (b) dim(kerT*)=dim(K1VK1) for a certain subspace K1 of K that contains K0 and is invariant under V. The precise form of π, in each situation, and characterizations of the minimality conditions are also included. Several examples are given for illustrative purposes. Full article
16 pages, 516 KiB  
Article
A Nonlinear System of Differential Equations in Supercritical Flow Spread Problem and Its Solution Technique
by Sergej Evtushenko
Axioms 2023, 12(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12010011 - 22 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1228
Abstract
A nonlinear system of differential equations in the problem of free flowing of supercritical flow is considered and a method of its solution is proposed. The analytical method is based on the introduction of the velocity hodograph plane and the obtaining of analytical [...] Read more.
A nonlinear system of differential equations in the problem of free flowing of supercritical flow is considered and a method of its solution is proposed. The analytical method is based on the introduction of the velocity hodograph plane and the obtaining of analytical solutions for the system of partial differential equations. It is pointed out that apart from being purely analytical, the potential flow model has a great practical demand due to its use as a base for the further research of the flow resistance forces. The proposed model can be developed by taking into account flow resistance and gradient, the bottom of the diverting channel flow. The theoretical results are complemented by numerical experiments and compared with experimental data. Full article
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12 pages, 2985 KiB  
Article
Mathematical Computations of Long-Term Settlement and Bearing Capacity of Soil Bases and Foundations near Vertical Excavation Pits
by Zaven G. Ter-Martirosyan, Armen Z. Ter-Martirosyan and Yulia V. Vanina
Axioms 2022, 11(12), 679; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120679 - 29 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1341
Abstract
The present paper describes and provides an analytical solution for the problem of evaluating the settlement and load-bearing capacity of weighty soil layers of limited thickness resting upon incompressible soil bases and an excavation pit wall, upon exposure of the foundation to a [...] Read more.
The present paper describes and provides an analytical solution for the problem of evaluating the settlement and load-bearing capacity of weighty soil layers of limited thickness resting upon incompressible soil bases and an excavation pit wall, upon exposure of the foundation to a distributed load in the vicinity of a wall. The authors developed a method for determining the stressed state component in the reduced engineering problem based on the Ribere–Faylon trigonometric series, accounting for the nonlinear deformation properties of soils. To determine the settlement over time of the foundation near the pit, we used the A.Z. Ter-Martirosyan’s model to describe shear deformations and the Kelvin–Voigt model to describe volume deformations, assuming that ε·z(t) = ε·v(t) + ε·γ(t), according to the Hencky’s system of physical equations. The obtained solutions make it possible to assess the long-term deformation of soil bases and the long-term load-bearing capacity with respect to nonlinear rheological properties in a way that accurately corresponds to the actual performance of subsoils exposed to loading. The theoretical results were followed by numerical experiments to prove their validity. Full article
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9 pages, 266 KiB  
Article
Nearly Sasakian Manifolds of Constant Type
by Aligadzhi Rustanov
Axioms 2022, 11(12), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120673 - 26 Nov 2022
Viewed by 965
Abstract
The article deals with nearly Sasakian manifolds of a constant type. It is proved that the almost Hermitian structure induced on the integral manifolds of the maximum dimension of the first fundamental distribution of the nearly Sasakian manifold is a nearly Kähler manifold. [...] Read more.
The article deals with nearly Sasakian manifolds of a constant type. It is proved that the almost Hermitian structure induced on the integral manifolds of the maximum dimension of the first fundamental distribution of the nearly Sasakian manifold is a nearly Kähler manifold. It is proved that the class of nearly Sasakian manifolds of the zero constant type coincides with the class of Sasakian manifolds. The concept of constancy of the type of an almost contact metric manifold is introduced through its Nijenhuis tensor, and the criterion of constancy of the type of an almost contact metric manifold is proved. The coincidence of both concepts of type constancy for the nearly Sasakian manifold is proved. It is proved that the almost Hermitian structure induced on the integral manifolds of the maximum dimension of the first fundamental distribution of the almost contact metric manifold of the zero constant type is the Hermitian structure. Full article
8 pages, 277 KiB  
Article
Analytic Approximate Solution in the Neighborhood of a Moving Singular Point of a Class of Nonlinear Equations
by Victor Orlov and Magomedyusuf Gasanov
Axioms 2022, 11(11), 637; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11110637 - 12 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1071
Abstract
The paper considers a class of nonlinear differential equations which are not solvable in quadratures in general case. The author’s technology for solving such equations contains six problems. In this article, the solution to one of these problems is given, a real area [...] Read more.
The paper considers a class of nonlinear differential equations which are not solvable in quadratures in general case. The author’s technology for solving such equations contains six problems. In this article, the solution to one of these problems is given, a real area in which it is possible to calculate an analytical approximate solution in the case of an approximate value of a moving singular point is obtained. Obtained results are based on the application of elements of differential calculus in finding estimates for the approximate solution error. Theoretical provisions are confirmed by numerical calculations, which characterize their reliability. Full article
16 pages, 306 KiB  
Article
On One Approximate Method of a Boundary Value Problem for a One-Dimensional Advection–Diffusion Equation
by Temirkhan Aleroev and Victor Orlov
Axioms 2022, 11(10), 541; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11100541 - 10 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1325
Abstract
This article discusses the author’s version of the technology for solving a one-dimensional boundary value problem for a one-dimensional advection–diffusion equation based on the method of separation of variables, as well as the theory of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions when constructing a solution to [...] Read more.
This article discusses the author’s version of the technology for solving a one-dimensional boundary value problem for a one-dimensional advection–diffusion equation based on the method of separation of variables, as well as the theory of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions when constructing a solution to a differential equation. This problem is solved in two stages. Firstly, we illustrate the technology of separating variables for equations with fractional derivatives, and then apply the theory of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions to obtain an exact solution in the form of an infinite series. Since this series converges very quickly, it is natural to replace it with the sum of the first few terms. The approximate solution obtained in this way is quite suitable for numerical calculations in practice. The article provides a listing of the program for performing calculations, as well as the results of calculations themselves. Full article
12 pages, 2842 KiB  
Article
Mathematical Analysis for the Evaluation of Settlement and Load-Bearing Capacity of a Soil Base Adjacent to an Excavation Pit
by Zaven G. Ter-Martirosyan, Armen Z. Ter-Martirosyan and Yulia V. Vanina
Axioms 2022, 11(8), 353; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11080353 - 22 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1611
Abstract
The present paper states and provides an analytical solution for the problem of evaluating the settlement and load-bearing capacity of weighty soil layers of limited thickness resting upon incompressible soil bases and an excavation pit wall upon exposure of the foundation to a [...] Read more.
The present paper states and provides an analytical solution for the problem of evaluating the settlement and load-bearing capacity of weighty soil layers of limited thickness resting upon incompressible soil bases and an excavation pit wall upon exposure of the foundation to a distributed load in the vicinity of a wall. The authors develop a method for determining the stressed state component in the reduced engineering problem based on the Ribere–Faylon trigonometric series and for accounting for the nonlinear deformation properties of soils, building on the analytical dependencies of S.S. Grigoryan and S.P. Timoshenko. In order to determine the relationship between stress and strain, the Hencky’s physical equation systems were used. They factor in the impact of average stresses σm on the shear modulus of elasticity G (σm) and volumetric modulus of elasticity K (σm). The obtained solutions make it possible to assess the deformation of soil bases and the load-bearing capacity with respect to nonlinear properties in a way that accurately corresponds to the actual performance of subsoils exposed to loading. The theoretical results are followed by numerical experiments to prove their validity. Full article
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7 pages, 242 KiB  
Article
On a Class of Positive Definite Operators and Their Application in Fractional Calculus
by Temirkhan Aleroev
Axioms 2022, 11(6), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11060272 - 05 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1655
Abstract
This paper is devoted to the spectral analysis of one class of integral operators, associated with the boundary value problems for differential equations of fractional order. Approximation matrices are also investigated. In particular, the positive definiteness of the studied operators is shown, which [...] Read more.
This paper is devoted to the spectral analysis of one class of integral operators, associated with the boundary value problems for differential equations of fractional order. Approximation matrices are also investigated. In particular, the positive definiteness of the studied operators is shown, which makes it possible to select areas in the complex plane where there are no eigenvalues of these operators. Full article
16 pages, 1784 KiB  
Article
Solvability of Conformable Type Frictionless Contact Problem via Hemivariational Inequalities
by Jianwei Hao, Jinrong Wang and Jiangfeng Han
Axioms 2022, 11(6), 271; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11060271 - 05 Jun 2022
Viewed by 1599
Abstract
In this paper, we study a class of conformable frictionless contact problems with the surface traction driven by the conformable impulsive differential equation. The existence of a mild solution for conformable impulsive hemivariational inequality is obtained by the Rothe method, subjectivity of multivalued [...] Read more.
In this paper, we study a class of conformable frictionless contact problems with the surface traction driven by the conformable impulsive differential equation. The existence of a mild solution for conformable impulsive hemivariational inequality is obtained by the Rothe method, subjectivity of multivalued pseudomonotone operators and the property of the conformable derivative. Notice that we imply some new fractional viscoelastic constitutive laws. Full article
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8 pages, 241 KiB  
Article
Exact Criteria for the Existence of a Moving Singular Point in a Complex Domain for a Nonlinear Differential Third-Degree Equation with a Polynomial Seventh-Degree Right-Hand Side
by Victor Orlov and Magomedyusuf Gasanov
Axioms 2022, 11(5), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11050222 - 10 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1498
Abstract
Earlier, the authors formulated and proved interval and point criteria for the existence of moving singular points of a third-degree nonlinear differential equation with a polynomial seventh-degree right-hand side for a real domain. For the complex domain, these criteria are associated with specificity [...] Read more.
Earlier, the authors formulated and proved interval and point criteria for the existence of moving singular points of a third-degree nonlinear differential equation with a polynomial seventh-degree right-hand side for a real domain. For the complex domain, these criteria are associated with specificity of transition to phase spaces. Necessary as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of moving singular points are obtained. The results of these studies are the basis of the algorithm for obtaining moving singular points of nonlinear differential equations in the complex domain. The results of this paper allow us to expand the classes of the studied nonlinear differential equations with moving peculiarities. Full article
10 pages, 628 KiB  
Article
The Boundary Value Problem with Stationary Inhomogeneities for a Hyperbolic-Type Equation with a Fractional Derivative
by Ludmila Vladimirovna Kirianova
Axioms 2022, 11(5), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11050207 - 28 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1441
Abstract
The paper presents an analytical solution of a partial differential equation of hyperbolic-type, containing both second-order partial derivatives and fractional derivatives of order below the second. Examples of applying the solution of a boundary value problem with stationary inhomogeneities for a hyperbolic-type equation [...] Read more.
The paper presents an analytical solution of a partial differential equation of hyperbolic-type, containing both second-order partial derivatives and fractional derivatives of order below the second. Examples of applying the solution of a boundary value problem with stationary inhomogeneities for a hyperbolic-type equation with a fractional derivative in modeling the behavior of polymer concrete under the action of loads are considered. Full article
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6 pages, 245 KiB  
Article
Existence and Uniqueness Theorem for a Solution to a Class of a Third-Order Nonlinear Differential Equation in the Domain of Analyticity
by Victor Orlov and Magomedyusuf Gasanov
Axioms 2022, 11(5), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11050203 - 25 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1838
Abstract
The paper considers the specifics of nonlinear differential equations that have applications in different areas. Earlier, the authors proved the existence and uniqueness theorem for a solution to a class of non-linear differential equations in a neighborhood of a moving singular point. In [...] Read more.
The paper considers the specifics of nonlinear differential equations that have applications in different areas. Earlier, the authors proved the existence and uniqueness theorem for a solution to a class of non-linear differential equations in a neighborhood of a moving singular point. In this paper, we consider the first problem of studying a third-order nonlinear differential equation in the domain of analyticity. An analytical approximate solution is built, taking into account the solution search area. A priori estimates of the analytical approximate solution are obtained, and the technology of their optimization using a posteriori ones is illustrated. The result of a numerical experiment is presented. The presented results allow to expand the class of nonlinear differential equations for describing various phenomena and processes. Full article
9 pages, 263 KiB  
Article
Application of Fractional Grey Forecasting Model in Economic Growth of the Group of Seven
by Yumei Liao, Xu Wang and Jinrong Wang
Axioms 2022, 11(4), 155; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11040155 - 28 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2071
Abstract
This paper uses the idea of fractional order accumulation instead of the form of grey index, and applies the fractional order accumulation prediction model to the economic growth prediction of the member states of the Group of Seven from 1973 to 2016. By [...] Read more.
This paper uses the idea of fractional order accumulation instead of the form of grey index, and applies the fractional order accumulation prediction model to the economic growth prediction of the member states of the Group of Seven from 1973 to 2016. By comparing different evaluation indexes such as R2, MAD and BIC, it is found that the prediction performance of fractional order cumulative grey prediction model (GM(α,1)) is significantly improved in the medium and long term compared with the traditional grey prediction model (GM(1,1)). Full article
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11 pages, 288 KiB  
Article
Nearly Cosymplectic Manifolds of Constant Type
by Aligadzhi Rustanov
Axioms 2022, 11(4), 152; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11040152 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1775
Abstract
Fundamental identities characterizing a nearly cosymplectic structure and analytical expressions for the first and second structural tensors are obtained in this paper. An identity that is satisfied by the first structural tensor of a nearly cosymplectic structure is proved as well. A contact [...] Read more.
Fundamental identities characterizing a nearly cosymplectic structure and analytical expressions for the first and second structural tensors are obtained in this paper. An identity that is satisfied by the first structural tensor of a nearly cosymplectic structure is proved as well. A contact analog of nearly cosymplectic manifolds’ constancy of type is introduced in this paper. Pointwise constancy conditions of the type of nearly cosymplectic manifolds are obtained. It is proved that for nearly cosymplectic manifolds of dimension greater than three, pointwise constancy of type is equivalent to global constancy of type. A complete classification of nearly cosymplectic manifolds of constant type is obtained. It is also proved that a nearly cosymplectic manifold of dimension less than seven is a proper nearly cosymplectic manifold. Full article
10 pages, 280 KiB  
Article
(ω,c)-Periodic Solutions to Fractional Differential Equations with Impulses
by Lulu Ren and JinRong Wang
Axioms 2022, 11(3), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11030083 - 22 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1311
Abstract
This paper deals with the (ω,c)-periodic solutions to impulsive fractional differential equations with Caputo fractional derivative with a fixed lower limit. Firstly, a necessary and sufficient condition of the existence of (ω,c)-periodic solutions [...] Read more.
This paper deals with the (ω,c)-periodic solutions to impulsive fractional differential equations with Caputo fractional derivative with a fixed lower limit. Firstly, a necessary and sufficient condition of the existence of (ω,c)-periodic solutions to linear problem is given. Secondly, the existence and uniqueness of (ω,c)-periodic solutions to semilinear problem are proven. Lastly, two examples are given to demonstrate our results. Full article
15 pages, 307 KiB  
Article
g-Expectation for Conformable Backward Stochastic Differential Equations
by Mei Luo, Michal Fečkan, Jin-Rong Wang and Donal O’Regan
Axioms 2022, 11(2), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11020075 - 14 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1969
Abstract
In this paper, we study the applications of conformable backward stochastic differential equations driven by Brownian motion and compensated random measure in nonlinear expectation. From the comparison theorem, we introduce the concept of g-expectation and give related properties of g-expectation. In [...] Read more.
In this paper, we study the applications of conformable backward stochastic differential equations driven by Brownian motion and compensated random measure in nonlinear expectation. From the comparison theorem, we introduce the concept of g-expectation and give related properties of g-expectation. In addition, we find that the properties of conformable backward stochastic differential equations can be deduced from the properties of the generator g. Finally, we extend the nonlinear Doob–Meyer decomposition theorem to more general cases. Full article
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