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Bioengineering
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Advances in Metallic Biomaterials
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Advances in Metallic Biomaterials

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2023) | Viewed by 7615

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Bingbing Li

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Guest Editor
Department of Manufacturing Systems Engineering and Management, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
Interests: 3D bioprinting; metal additive manufacturing; design for additive manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Himansu Sekhar Nanda

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Guest Editor
Biomedical Engineering and Technology Lab, Advanced Manufacturing Lab, Core Lab Complex, Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing Jabalpur, Dumna Airport Road, Jabalpur 482005, MP, India
Interests: microscale tissue engineering and translational bioengineering using sustainable and intelligent biomaterials; bioadhesive coatings for implants and medical devices; metal additive manufacturing for biomedical engineering; biocompatible nanostructures for angiogenesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Geetha Manivasagam

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Guest Editor
Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
Interests: surface engineering of orthopedic alloys; tribological studies of implant materials; smart biomaterials; additive manufacturing; immunomodulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sushma Kumari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
Interests: biomaterial-based biomimetic 3D models for tissue engineering applications; 3D bioprinting for tissue engineering and in vitro models for drug testing applications; fabrication of microfluidic chips for analysis of biospecies; development of biopolymeric hybrid materials for antimicrobial applications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am very pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue on “Advances in Metallic Biomaterials”. Metallic biomaterials are the first types of biomaterials and have a long history of clinical use. Several metal implants and surgical devices made from metallic biomaterials offer versatility, reliability, and affordability, all at the same time. However, advances in manufacturing technologies, particularly additive manufacturing, have opened the door for several novel research avenues (e.g., personalized medical treatment) in this field. This Special Issue aims to highlight the advances and progress in metallic biomaterials and related manufacturing technologies for translational bioengineering applications. The topics of interest include (but are not limited to): 1. Emerging metals and metal alloys for biomedical engineering; 2. novel production technologies for metallic biomaterials including additive manufacturing and other low-cost manufacturing technologies; 3. mechanical aspects of metallic biomaterials and metallic-biomaterials-based implants; 4. coatings or surface engineering to develop or enhance tribocorrosion resistance, osseointegration, anti-thrombotic, and infection-resistant metallic biomaterials and implants (porous scaffolds and stents); 5. biodegradable and bioresorbable metallic biomaterials for clinical applications; 6. tribocorrosion behavior of biomaterials; 7. immune-modulating metallic biomaterials; 8. drug-eluting smart biomaterials; and 9. AI in implant development. We are also interested in any other aspects of metallic biomaterials that are not listed above.

The Guest Editors of this Special Issue invite the submission of high-quality original research and review articles in related fields, and hope that this Special Issue, “Advances in Metallic Biomaterials”, will showcase recent advances in this field and investigate the current challenges, and recommendations, as well as future opportunities, in this field.

Dr. Bingbing Li
Dr. Himansu Sekhar Nanda
Prof. Dr. Geetha Manivasagam
Dr. Sushma Kumari
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metallic biomaterials
  • bioengineering
  • implants
  • scaffolds
  • stents
  • surgical devices
  • metal additive manufacturing
  • surface engineering
  • clinical applications

Published Papers (4 papers)

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16 pages, 2840 KiB  
Article
Influence of Different Sterilization Methods on the Surface Chemistry and Electrochemical Behavior of Biomedical Alloys
by Anna Igual-Munoz, Jean-Ludovic Genilloud, Brigitte M. Jolles and Stefano Mischler
Bioengineering 2023, 10(7), 749; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10070749 - 22 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1153
Abstract
Sterilization is a prerequisite for biomedical devices before contacting the human body. It guarantees the lack of infection by eliminating microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, spores and fungi). It constitutes the last fabrication process of a biomedical device. The aim of this paper is to [...] Read more.
Sterilization is a prerequisite for biomedical devices before contacting the human body. It guarantees the lack of infection by eliminating microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, spores and fungi). It constitutes the last fabrication process of a biomedical device. The aim of this paper is to understand the effect of different sterilization methods (ethanol-EtOH, autoclave-AC, autoclave + ultraviolet radiation-ACUV and gamma irradiation-G) on the surface chemistry and electrochemical reactivity (with special attention on the kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction) of CoCrMo and titanium biomedical alloys used as prosthetic materials. To do that, electrochemical measurements (open circuit potential, polarization resistance, cathodic potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and surface analyses (Auger Electron Spectroscopy) of the sterilized surfaces were carried out. The obtained results show that the effect of sterilization on the corrosion behavior of biomedical alloys is material-dependent: for CoCrMo alloys, autoclave treatment increases the thickness and the chromium content of the passive film increasing its corrosion resistance compared to simple sterilization in EtOH, while in titanium and its alloys, autoclave and UV-light accelerates its corrosion rate by accelerating the kinetics of oxygen reduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metallic Biomaterials)
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22 pages, 7163 KiB  
Article
Influence of Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Performance of Axial Suspension Plasma-Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings
by Pearlin Amaan Khan, Aravind Kumar Thoutam, Vasanth Gopal, Aswin Gurumallesh, Shrikant Joshi, Arunkumar Palaniappan, Nicolaie Markocsan and Geetha Manivasagam
Bioengineering 2023, 10(1), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010044 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1655
Abstract
Axial suspension plasma spraying (ASPS) is an alternative technique to atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), which uses a suspension of much finer powders (<5-micron particle size) as the feedstock. It can produce more refined microstructures than APS for biomedical implants. This paper highlights the [...] Read more.
Axial suspension plasma spraying (ASPS) is an alternative technique to atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), which uses a suspension of much finer powders (<5-micron particle size) as the feedstock. It can produce more refined microstructures than APS for biomedical implants. This paper highlights the influence of incorporated graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the behavior of ASPS hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings. The characterization of the ASPS coatings (HAp + varying GNP contents) was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), confocal Raman microscopy (CRM), white light interferometry (WLI), and contact angle measurements. The evaluation of the mechanical properties such as the hardness, roughness, adhesion strength, and porosity was carried out, along with a fretting wear performance. Additionally, the biocompatibility of the Hap + GNP coatings was evaluated using cytotoxicity testing which revealed a decrease in the cell viability from 92.7% to 85.4%, with an increase in the GNP wt.%. The visualization of the cell’s components was carried out using SEM and Laser Scanning Microscopy. Furthermore, the changes in the genetic expression of the various cellular markers were assessed to analyze the epigenetic changes in human mesenchymal stem cells. The gene expression changes suggested that GNPs upregulated the proliferation marker and downregulated the pluripotent markers by a minimum of three folds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metallic Biomaterials)
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14 pages, 2473 KiB  
Article
Improved Hemocompatibility on Superhemophobic Micro–Nano-Structured Titanium Surfaces
by Vignesh K. Manivasagam and Ketul C. Popat
Bioengineering 2023, 10(1), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010043 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1611
Abstract
Blood-contacting titanium-based implants such as endovascular stents and heart valve casings are prone to blood clotting due to improper interactions at the surface level. In complement, the current clinical demand for cardiovascular implants is at a new apex. Hence, there is a crucial [...] Read more.
Blood-contacting titanium-based implants such as endovascular stents and heart valve casings are prone to blood clotting due to improper interactions at the surface level. In complement, the current clinical demand for cardiovascular implants is at a new apex. Hence, there is a crucial necessity to fabricate an implant with optimal mechanical properties and improved blood compatibility, while simultaneously interacting differentially with cells and other microbial agents. The present study intends to develop a superhydrophobic implant surface with the novel micro–nano topography, developed using a facile thermochemical process. The surface topography, apparent contact angle, and crystal structure are characterized on different surfaces. The hemo/blood compatibility on different surfaces is assessed by evaluating hemolysis, fibrinogen adsorption, cell adhesion and identification, thrombin generation, complement activation, and whole blood clotting kinetics. The results indicate that the super-hemo/hydrophobic micro–nano titanium surface improved hemocompatibility by significantly reducing fibrinogen adsorption, platelet adhesion, and leukocyte adhesion. Thus, the developed surface has high potential to be used as an implant. Further studies are directed towards analyzing the mechanisms causing the improved hemocompatibility of micro/nano surface features under dynamic in vitro and in vivo conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metallic Biomaterials)
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21 pages, 6647 KiB  
Article
Experimental Research on New Developed Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications
by Cristina Jimenez-Marcos, Julia Claudia Mirza-Rosca, Madalina Simona Baltatu and Petrica Vizureanu
Bioengineering 2022, 9(11), 686; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9110686 - 12 Nov 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2154
Abstract
The mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of two new titanium alloys, Ti20Mo7Zr and Ti20Mo7Zr0.5Si, are investigated in this paper. The alloys have been manufactured by vacuum arc remelting (VAR) technique and studied to determine their microstructure, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties. Metallographic observations [...] Read more.
The mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of two new titanium alloys, Ti20Mo7Zr and Ti20Mo7Zr0.5Si, are investigated in this paper. The alloys have been manufactured by vacuum arc remelting (VAR) technique and studied to determine their microstructure, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties. Metallographic observations and quantitative microanalysis by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy SEM, and energy dispersive X-rays spectroscopy EDX were performed. Data about the three-point bending test and microhardness are presented. For electrochemical properties, three different environments were used: Ringer solution at 25 °C, Ringer solution at 40 °C simulating fever condition, and 3.5% NaCl solution. Metallographic investigation revealed the biphasic and dendritic structure of both samples when the procedures were performed. Electrochemical testing in body simulation fluid, fever conditions, and saline medium showed that the lower the proportion of silicon in the samples, the higher the corrosion resistance. The formation of a titanium oxide layer on the surface of both samples was noticed using quantitative EDX analysis. The three-point bending test for the two samples revealed that the presence of silicon decreases the modulus of elasticity; the surface of the samples displayed soft and hard phases in the microhardness test. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were carried out at different potentials, and the obtained spectra exhibit a two-time constant system, attesting double-layer passive film on the samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metallic Biomaterials)
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