Recent Advances in Cardiac Assist Devices

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biofabrication and Biomanufacturing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 May 2024 | Viewed by 565

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
Interests: interventional cardiology; heart failure; invasive hemodynamics; mechanical circulatory support

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

From rudimentary cardiopulmonary bypass systems to magnetically levitated micro-rotary flow pumps mounted onto catheters with self-expanding elements, we are in the midst of the next major inflection point in bioengineering for cardiac assist devices. In parallel to growth in mechanical engineering, our understanding of both the biologic and physiologic impacts of cardiac assist devices on myocardial recovery and multi-organ perfusion continues to develop. Finally, the promise of closed-loop communication between sensors and actuators driven by alternative intelligence platforms is emerging as a reality. To advance our understanding of this exciting field, this Special Issue of Bioengineering will promote interdisciplinary exchange, facilitate new collaborations, and stimulate expanded applications of innovations in the field of cardiac assist devices. The next major advance in cardiac assist devices is more likely to occur when seemingly disparate fields come together to innovate and disrupt existing paradigms. We invite engineers, scientists, healthcare professionals, and innovators from all disciplines to submit their original reports for consideration.

Dr. Navin K. Kapur
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cardiac assist devices
  • mechanical circulatory support
  • myocardial recovery
  • heart failure
  • ventricular assist devices
  • hemodynamics
  • molecular biology and engineering

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 1534 KiB  
Article
The Self-Expandable Impella CP (ECP) as a Mechanical Resuscitation Device
by Sebastian Billig, Rachad Zayat, Siarhei Yelenski, Christoph Nix, Eveline Bennek-Schoepping, Nadine Hochhausen and Matthias Derwall
Bioengineering 2024, 11(5), 456; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11050456 - 03 May 2024
Viewed by 112
Abstract
The survival rate of cardiac arrest (CA) can be improved by utilizing percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (pLVADs) instead of conventional chest compressions. However, existing pLVADs require complex fluoroscopy-guided placement along a guidewire and suffer from limited blood flow due to their cross-sectional [...] Read more.
The survival rate of cardiac arrest (CA) can be improved by utilizing percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (pLVADs) instead of conventional chest compressions. However, existing pLVADs require complex fluoroscopy-guided placement along a guidewire and suffer from limited blood flow due to their cross-sectional area. The recently developed self-expandable Impella CP (ECP) pLVAD addresses these limitations by enabling guidewire-free placement and increasing the pump cross-sectional area. This study evaluates the feasibility of resuscitation using the Impella ECP in a swine CA model. Eleven anesthetized pigs (73.8 ± 1.7 kg) underwent electrically induced CA, were left untreated for 5 min and then received pLVAD insertion and activation. Vasopressors were administered and defibrillations were attempted. Five hours after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), the pLVAD was removed, and animals were monitored for an additional hour. Hemodynamics were assessed and myocardial function was evaluated using echocardiography. Successful guidewire-free pLVAD placement was achieved in all animals. Resuscitation was successful in 75% of cases, with 3.5 ± 2.0 defibrillations and 1.8 ± 0.4 mg norepinephrine used per ROSC. Hemodynamics remained stable post-device removal, with no adverse effects or aortic valve damage observed. The Impella ECP facilitated rapid guidewire-free pLVAD placement in fibrillating hearts, enabling successful resuscitation. These findings support a broader clinical adoption of pLVADs, particularly the Impella ECP, for CA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Cardiac Assist Devices)
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