Biomolecules

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Dear Colleagues,

There is still an unmet clinical need to guide bone tissue regeneration in the treatment of periodontal diseases, dental implants, and maxillofacial reconstruction. Recent progress in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has significantly improved biomaterial development and biofabrication techniques, the understanding of osteoimmunomodulation during tissue regeneration, and the application of nanotechnology and hydrogels for smart materials design. This Special Issue will provide a platform with which to share the advancements in the field of bone tissue engineering in dentistry and the maxillofacial region.

Prof. Dr. Yin Xiao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

bone
regenerative medicine
biomaterials

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 11690 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cannabidiol Rescues TNF-α-Inhibited Proliferation, Migration, and Osteogenic/Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

by Lina Yu, Liting Zeng, Zeyu Zhang, Guanxiong Zhu, Zidan Xu, Junyi Xia, Jinlong Weng, Jiang Li and Janak Lal Pathak

Biomolecules 2023, 13(1), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13010118 - 06 Jan 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2352

Abstract

Strategies to promote dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) functions including proliferation, migration, pro-angiogenic effects, and odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation are in urgent need to restore pulpitis-damaged dentin/pulp regeneration and DPSCs-based bone tissue engineering applications. Cannabidiol (CBD), an active component of Cannabis sativa has shown anti-inflammation, chemotactic, anti-microbial, and tissue regenerative potentials. Based on these facts, this study aimed to analyze the effect of CBD on DPSCs proliferation, migration, and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation in basal and inflammatory conditions. Highly pure DPSCs with characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were successfully isolated, as indicated by the results of flowcytometry and multi-lineage (osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic) differentiation potentials. Among the concentration tested (0.1–12.5 µM), CBD (2.5 μM) showed the highest anabolic effect on the proliferation and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Pro-angiogenic growth factor VEGF mRNA expression was robustly higher in CBD-treated DPSCs. CBD also prompted the migration of DPSCs and CBD receptor CB1 and CB2 expression in DPSCs. TNF-α inhibited the viability, migration, and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs and CBD reversed these effects. CBD alleviated the TNF-α-upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in DPSCs. In conclusion, our results indicate the possible application of CBD on DPSCs-based dentin/pulp and bone regeneration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Tissue Engineering in Dentistry and the Maxillofacial Region)

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Review

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31 pages, 5116 KiB

Open AccessReview

Polymeric Nanocomposite Hydrogel Scaffolds in Craniofacial Bone Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review

by Maha H. Bashir, Nahed S. Korany, Dina B. E. Farag, Marwa M. S. Abbass, Bassant A. Ezzat, Radwa H. Hegazy, Christof E. Dörfer and Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed

Biomolecules 2023, 13(2), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13020205 - 19 Jan 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2106

Abstract

Nanocomposite biomaterials combine a biopolymeric matrix structure with nanoscale fillers. These bioactive and easily resorbable nanocomposites have been broadly divided into three groups, namely natural, synthetic or composite, based on the polymeric origin. Preparing such nanocomposite structures in the form of hydrogels can create a three-dimensional natural hydrophilic atmosphere pivotal for cell survival and new tissue formation. Thus, hydrogel-based cell distribution and drug administration have evolved as possible options for bone tissue engineering and regeneration. In this context, nanogels or nanohydrogels, created by cross-linking three-dimensional polymer networks, either physically or chemically, with high biocompatibility and mechanical properties were introduced as promising drug delivery systems. The present review highlights the potential of hydrogels and nanopolymers in the field of craniofacial tissue engineering and bone regeneration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Tissue Engineering in Dentistry and the Maxillofacial Region)

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