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19 pages, 1854 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cognitive and Interpersonal Factors in Adolescent Inpatients with Anorexia Nervosa: A Network Analysis

by Chantal P. Delaquis, Nathalie T. Godart, EVHAN Group, Melina Fatséas and Sylvie Berthoz

Children 2023, 10(4), 730; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10040730 - 15 Apr 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1667

Abstract

The cognitive-interpersonal model of anorexia nervosa (AN) posits that cognitive and interpersonal traits contribute to the development and maintenance of AN. We investigated cognitive and interpersonal factors put forward by the model in a sample of 145 adolescent inpatients with AN using network [...] Read more.

The cognitive-interpersonal model of anorexia nervosa (AN) posits that cognitive and interpersonal traits contribute to the development and maintenance of AN. We investigated cognitive and interpersonal factors put forward by the model in a sample of 145 adolescent inpatients with AN using network analysis. Our main outcomes included core eating disorder symptoms, cognitive style, socio-affective factors, and mood symptoms. We estimated a cross-sectional network using graphical LASSO. Core and bridge symptoms were identified using strength centrality. Goldbricker was used to reduce topological overlap. The node with the highest strength centrality was Concern over Mistakes, followed by Eating Preoccupation, Social Fear, and Overvaluation of Weight and Shape. The nodes with the highest bridge strength were Concern over Mistakes, Doubt about Actions, Overvaluation of Weight and Shape, and Depression. Notably, both performance on a cognitive flexibility task and BMI were not connected to any other nodes and were subsequently removed from the final network. We provide partial support for the cognitive-interpersonal model while also supporting certain premises put forward by the transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral model. The high centrality of Concern over Mistakes and Social Fear supports the theory that both cognitive and interpersonal difficulties contribute to AN, particularly in adolescence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eating Disorders and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: 2nd Edition)

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13 pages, 828 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study of Different Personalised Dietary Plans on Eating Behaviour, Body Image and Mood in Young Female Professional Handball Players: A Randomised Controlled Trial

by Laura Miralles-Amorós, Manuel Vicente-Martínez, María Martínez-Olcina, Nuria Asencio-Mas, Lucía Gonzálvez-Alvarado, Marcelo Peñaranda-Moraga, Belén Leyva-Vela, Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Guillermo Cortés-Roco and Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez

Children 2023, 10(2), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10020259 - 31 Jan 2023

Viewed by 2236

Abstract

Low energy availability may precede or be caused by cognitive disturbances in professional athletes. Related psychological problems include disordered eating patterns, body shape preoccupation, depression or anxiety. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of different personalised dietary plans on [...] Read more.

Low energy availability may precede or be caused by cognitive disturbances in professional athletes. Related psychological problems include disordered eating patterns, body shape preoccupation, depression or anxiety. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of different personalised dietary plans on psychological factors in young professional female handball players with low energy availability. This 12-week randomised clinical trial involved 21 female players aged 22 ± 4 years, 172.0 ± 5.4 cm and 68.4 ± 6.7 kg divided into three groups (FD: free diet; MD: Mediterranean diet; HAD: high antioxidant diet). Eating behaviour (Eating Attitude Test, EAT-26: diet, bulimia and oral control subscales), body image (Body Shape Questionnaire, BSQ) and mood state (Profile of Mode State, POMS: tension, vigour, anger, depression, fatigue) were assessed. All participants showed low energy availability (<30 kcal/lean mass per day). The different plans showed no significant differences between them but significant differences over time within groups for the variables: body image, Tension, Vigour and Depression (p < 0.05). Eating behaviour improved slightly but did not show statistically significant changes. Following an adequate nutritional planning for athletes seems to improve the mood and body perception of young female handball players. A longer intervention period is required to assess the differences between diets and improvement of other parameters. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eating Disorders and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: 2nd Edition)

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Review

Jump to: Research

20 pages, 1312 KiB

Open AccessReview

Links between Childhood Obesity, High-Fat Diet, and Central Precocious Puberty

by Valeria Calcaterra, Vittoria Carlotta Magenes, Chiara Hruby, Francesca Siccardo, Alessandra Mari, Erika Cordaro, Valentina Fabiano and Gianvincenzo Zuccotti

Children 2023, 10(2), 241; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10020241 - 29 Jan 2023

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3162

Abstract

In recent years, the existing relationship between excess overweight and central precocious puberty (CPP) has been reported, especially in girls. Different nutritional choices have been associated with different patterns of puberty. In particular, the involvement of altered biochemical and neuroendocrine pathways and a [...] Read more.

In recent years, the existing relationship between excess overweight and central precocious puberty (CPP) has been reported, especially in girls. Different nutritional choices have been associated with different patterns of puberty. In particular, the involvement of altered biochemical and neuroendocrine pathways and a proinflammatory status has been described in connection with a high-fat diet (HFD). In this narrative review, we present an overview on the relationship between obesity and precocious pubertal development, focusing on the role of HFDs as a contributor to activating the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis. Although evidence is scarce and studies limited, especially in the paediatric field, the harm of HFDs on PP is a relevant problem that cannot be ignored. Increased knowledge about HFD effects will be useful in developing strategies preventing precocious puberty in children with obesity. Promoting HFD-avoiding behavior may be useful in preserving children’s physiological development and protecting reproductive health. Controlling HFDs may represent a target for policy action to improve global health. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eating Disorders and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: 2nd Edition)

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