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Children
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Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes
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Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Neonatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 March 2025 | Viewed by 10363

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Shmuel Arnon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Neonatology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
2. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
Interests: preterm infants; music therapy in the NICU; perinatal-neonatal outcomes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Michal Kovo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
2. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
Interests: maternal–fetal medicine; high-risk pregnancy; placental pathology and obstetric issues
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The main objective of research integrating prenatal, perinatal and neonatal medicine is to improve the outcomes of the infants cared for in neonatal wards and onwards. To achieve a better understanding of the physiologic and pathologic factors affecting the fetus and the newborn child, research collaborations with mutual exchanges of information and data sharing should be established between these disciplines.

The purpose of this Special Issue, titled "Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes", is to encourage publications that strengthen the collaboration between perinatologists, neonatologists, ultrasonographers, pediatric specialists and others who take care of the maternal–fetal–child unit. We welcome papers that expand our knowledge in these areas in order to enable the scientific community to use this information to improve outcomes.

Prof. Dr. Shmuel Arnon
Prof. Dr. Michal Kovo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • perinatal
  • neonatal
  • delivery
  • preterm infants
  • pregnancy
  • birth defects
  • genetics
  • prenatal ultrasonography

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1175 KiB  
Article
Associations between Fetal Symptoms during Pregnancy and Neonatal Clinical Complications with Toxoplasmosis
by Nándor Tűzkő, Virág Bartek, Atene Simonyi, Ágnes Harmath, István Szabó, Dezso Peter Virok and Artur Beke
Children 2024, 11(9), 1111; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11091111 - 11 Sep 2024
Viewed by 578
Abstract
Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is a parasitism transmitted by Toxoplasma gondii, part of the TORCH complex, the most prevalent parasitism worldwide. It is asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals but causes severe infections and developmental abnormalities in pregnant women, mainly affecting the central nervous system and [...] Read more.
Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is a parasitism transmitted by Toxoplasma gondii, part of the TORCH complex, the most prevalent parasitism worldwide. It is asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals but causes severe infections and developmental abnormalities in pregnant women, mainly affecting the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal system. Methods: In our prospective study, we analyzed cases of recent maternal Toxoplasma infections confirmed by serological testing between 1996 and 2020 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University. Amniocentesis, followed by PCR, was performed in cases of recent infection confirmed by serological testing during pregnancy. After birth, a neonatological, microbiological, pediatric neurological and ophthalmological examination and a follow-up was carried out. Results: During the study period, a total of 238 cases of amniotic fluid Toxoplasma PCR testing due to Toxoplasma recent infection were performed. In terms of pregnancies, there were 219 deliveries and seven abortions. Twelve cases had no data available on the outcome of the pregnancy. In total, 133 cases of ultrasound abnormalities were detected during pregnancy, while in 105 cases, no abnormalities were detected on ultrasound examination. During amniocentesis, eight cases of Toxoplasma infection were revealed in amniotic fluid samples by PCR, and in 230 cases, the result was negative. Neonatal follow-up was performed in 139 cases, with no abnormalities during follow-up in 117 cases, and in 22 cases, there was a detectable complication that was likely to be related to Toxoplasma infection. In all 22 cases, amniotic fluid PCR Toxoplasma testing was negative. Conclusions: The most common ultrasound abnormalities involve the nervous system and the gastrointestinal system. In cases of suspicion, it is recommended to perform amniocentesis Toxoplasma PCR testing besides the indirect methods to help the pregnant woman decide whether to carry the pregnancy to term. During follow-up, a multidisciplinary team experienced in pregnancies complicated by toxoplasmosis must carry out the follow-up, care and subsequent development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes)
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11 pages, 656 KiB  
Article
Increasing Vaccine Uptake during Pregnancy by Using Prenatal Education Classes: An Effective Tool for Health Communication and Promotion
by Stefania Triunfo, Silvia Perossini, Esther Burdin, Elena Claudia De Angeli, Maria Francesi, Alessandra Garolfi, Jessica Moretti, Ilenia Paruscio, Miriam Tassielli, Marta Tremolada, Simona Gemelli, Deborah Pedrina and Anna Maria Marconi
Children 2023, 10(9), 1466; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091466 - 28 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1613
Abstract
Childbirth education classes represent an antenatal tool for supporting pregnant women and couples in increasing knowledge on pregnancy, delivery, breastfeeding, and newborn care. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of an additional lesson during the prenatal course regarding the [...] Read more.
Childbirth education classes represent an antenatal tool for supporting pregnant women and couples in increasing knowledge on pregnancy, delivery, breastfeeding, and newborn care. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of an additional lesson during the prenatal course regarding the advantage of vaccination to mitigation of maternal anxiety. An observational study was designed that included participants in childbirth education classes and compared courses enhanced by the extra lesson on vaccination during pregnancy versus those who did not receive it. Assessment of the impact of prenatal educational on vaccination was measured by using validated questionnaires (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI; Perceived Stress Scale, PSS; World Health Organization- Five Well-Being Index, WHO-5). A total of 145 pregnant women participated to the investigation by answering to the online survey. Of them, 33 patients (22.8%) belonged to the course without a lesson on vaccine, while 112 (77.2%) participated to online prenatal education that included an additional meeting on the usefulness of getting vaccinated during pregnancy. No statistical differences were found between study groups in terms of demographics and perinatal outcomes. Participants in the enriched course reported lower basal anxiety levels than those without the vaccine lesson (STAI-State, normal score < 40, 30 vs. 19%, p-value 0.041; STAI-State, mild score 40–50, 78 vs. 67%, p-value 0.037). With reference to the prior two weeks, maternal wellbeing level was improved by the added class (score > 13 as measurement of wellbeing: 62% vs. 80%, p-value < 0.05). Moderate perceived stress assessed by PSS was found in those pregnant women without prenatal education on vaccination (64 vs. 50%, p-value 0.042). The introduction of a lesson regarding vaccination during pregnancy in the program of prenatal education courses improved maternal anxiety levels and wellbeing, in addition to reducing perceived stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes)
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10 pages, 246 KiB  
Article
Prenatal Diagnosis and Pregnancy Termination in Jewish and Muslim Women with a Deaf Child in Israel
by Aliza Amiel, Wasef Na’amnih and Mahdi Tarabeih
Children 2023, 10(9), 1438; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091438 - 23 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1246
Abstract
Deafness is the most common sensory disability in humans, influencing all aspects of life, However, early diagnosis of hearing impairment and initiating the rehabilitation process are of great importance to enable the development of language and communication as soon as possible. We examined [...] Read more.
Deafness is the most common sensory disability in humans, influencing all aspects of life, However, early diagnosis of hearing impairment and initiating the rehabilitation process are of great importance to enable the development of language and communication as soon as possible. We examined the differences in attitudes towards performing prenatal invasive tests and pregnancy terminations in Jewish and Muslim women in Israel due to deafness. Overall, 953 Israeli women, aged 18–46 years with a mean age of 32.0 (SD = 7.12), were enrolled. Of those, 68.7% were city dwellers and 31.3% were village dwellers, and 60.2% were Muslim women and 39.8% were Jewish women. All participants had a child with a hearing impairment or deafness. The group with no genetic hearing loss performed more prenatal invasive tests and pregnancy terminations than those with genetic hearing loss in both ethnic groups. Jewish women performed more invasive prenatal tests and, consequently, a pregnancy termination. Secular Jewish women more frequently underwent pregnancy terminations due to fetal deafness. Further genetic counseling and information concerning IVF and PGD procedures should be provided to the Muslim population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes)
7 pages, 227 KiB  
Article
Bloody Amniotic Fluid and Neonatal Outcomes
by Hanoch Schreiber, Gal Cohen, Hila Shalev-Ram, Sivan Farladansky-Gershnabel, Omer Weitzner, Tal Biron-Shental, Michal Kovo, Shmuel Arnon and Ofer Markovitch
Children 2023, 10(7), 1208; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10071208 - 12 Jul 2023
Viewed by 4214
Abstract
Information on the effect of bloody amniotic fluid during labor at term is scarce. This study assessed risk factors and adverse outcomes in labors with bloody amniotic fluid. During the six years of this study, all nulliparas in our institution, with a trial [...] Read more.
Information on the effect of bloody amniotic fluid during labor at term is scarce. This study assessed risk factors and adverse outcomes in labors with bloody amniotic fluid. During the six years of this study, all nulliparas in our institution, with a trial of labor, were included. Multiple pregnancies and preterm deliveries were excluded. Outcomes were compared between the bloody amniotic fluid group and the clear amniotic fluid group. Overall, 11,252 women were included. Among them, 364 (3.2%) had bloody amniotic fluid and 10,888 (96.7%) had clear amniotic fluid. Women in the bloody amniotic fluid group were characterized by shorter duration of the second stage and higher rate of cesarean section due to non-reassuring fetal heart rate. In addition, there were higher rates of low cord pH (<7.1) and NICU admissions in the bloody amniotic fluid group. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, cesarean delivery, cord blood pH < 7.1, and NICU admission were independently associated with increased odds ratio for bloody amniotic fluid. Bloody amniotic fluid at term is associated with adverse outcomes and must be considered during labor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes)
13 pages, 1414 KiB  
Article
Feasibility of Endotracheal Extubation Evaluation Form in Predicting Successful Extubation in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Study
by Yung-Cheng Liu, Ching-Yi Yeh, Shu-Ting Yang, Wei-Chan Chung, Tuan-Jung Hsu, Chau-Chyun Sheu and Hsiu-Lin Chen
Children 2023, 10(6), 1053; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10061053 - 13 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1501
Abstract
Given the limited availability of evidence-based methods for assessing the timing of extubation in intubated preterm infants, we aimed to standardize the extubation protocol in this single-center, retrospective study. To accomplish this, we established an extubation evaluation form to assess the suitability of [...] Read more.
Given the limited availability of evidence-based methods for assessing the timing of extubation in intubated preterm infants, we aimed to standardize the extubation protocol in this single-center, retrospective study. To accomplish this, we established an extubation evaluation form to assess the suitability of extubation in preterm infants. The form comprises six indicators: improved clinical condition, spontaneous breath rate ≥ 30 breaths per minute, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) ≤ 15 cmH2O, fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ≤ 30%, blood pH ≥ 7.2, and mixed venous carbon dioxide tension (PvCO2) < 70 mmHg. Each positive answer is given one point, indicating a maximum of six points. We enrolled 41 intubated preterm infants (gestational age < 32 weeks, birth weight < 1500 g) who were receiving mechanical ventilation support for over 24 h. Among them, 35 were successfully extubated, and 6 were not. After completing the extubation evaluation form and adjusting for birth weight and postextubation device, we observed that the total score of the form was significantly associated with successful extubation; the higher the score, the greater the chance of successful extubation. Thus, we infer that the extubation evaluation form may provide a more objective standard for extubation assessment in preterm infants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes)
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Review

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13 pages, 309 KiB  
Review
Diagnosis and Early Management of Robin Sequence
by Alexander J. Rickart, Oishi Sikdar, Allan Jenkinson and Anne Greenough
Children 2024, 11(9), 1094; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11091094 - 6 Sep 2024
Viewed by 678
Abstract
The results of a survey of twenty-four neonatal units in the United Kingdom and Ireland are presented. A structured ten-item questionnaire was used, and demonstrated the variation in how infants with RS are diagnosed and managed. Notably, the survey revealed that a minority [...] Read more.
The results of a survey of twenty-four neonatal units in the United Kingdom and Ireland are presented. A structured ten-item questionnaire was used, and demonstrated the variation in how infants with RS are diagnosed and managed. Notably, the survey revealed that a minority of infants were diagnosed antenatally. There were significant discrepancies in diagnostic criteria used and 79% of the units referred the patients to tertiary services. A preference for minimally invasive approaches to managing upper airway obstruction, such as a trial of prone positioning before progressing to a nasopharyngeal airway, was reported by 96% of the centers. A narrative review was undertaken which discusses the current practices for diagnosis and early management of Robin sequence (RS). The challenges of antenatal diagnosis, strategies to enhance outcomes through early detection and controversies surrounding the management of neonatal upper airway obstruction associated with RS are included. The results of the survey and our comprehensive review of the literature emphasize that there remains uncertainty regarding the best approach to treating Robin sequence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues Involving Prenatal Findings and Neonatal Outcomes)
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