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Children
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Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry
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Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Dentistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2023) | Viewed by 7238

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Omar El Meligy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
2. Pediatric Dentistry Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
Interests: children with special healthcare needs; dental materials; medically compromised children; pulp therapy; restorative dentistry; preventive dentistry
Dr. Ahmed Samir Bakry

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Operative and Esthetic Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
2. Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21614, Egypt
Interests: bioactive materials; Er:YAG laser application for dental cavity preparation; dentin hypersensitivity; remineralization of enamel and dentin
Dr. Mona Aly Abbassy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
2. Dentistry Department, Alexandria University Hospital, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
Interests: dental materials; craniofacial growth modification in children; interceptive orthodontics; enamel remineralization; diabetes; 3D imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will present information regarding a number of contemporary concepts, instruments, and therapies relevant to the current standards of oral healthcare for children. Evidence from recent studies, suggesting that dental caries and periodontitis may be regarded as infectious diseases that are initiated early in life, will be discussed. To assist parents in establishing the optimal opportunity for their children to remain free of the common oral diseases throughout their lifetimes, the topic will also include information about assessing a patient's risk for oral disease, using anticipatory guidance counseling, and promoting infant oral healthcare programs. Despite our present level of knowledge in preventing oral disease and developmental problems, practicing dentists are still required to provide a lot of treatment to many young patients affected by dental caries, periodontal disease, developmental defects, or trauma. Therefore, this Special Issue will also provide information about newer conservative restorative concepts, pulp therapies, and certain esthetic dental procedures designed to help the pediatric dentist resolve certain oral problems in young patients.

In this Special Issue, we will review manuscripts discussing Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry.

 These include:

  • New trends in pediatric restorative dentistry
  • Contemporary management of dental caries
  • Laser in pediatric restorative dentistry
  • Recent pulpotomy techniques
  • Behavior management of children with special healthcare needs
  • Bioactive remineralization of enamel
  • Etiology and management of (MIH) molar incisor hypomineralization
  • Management of enamel white spot lesions
  • Risk assessment of increased ingestion of erosive soft drinks.
  • Growth modification
  • Interceptive orthodontics
  • Hormonal disorders and their effects on skeletal and dental development
  • Orthodontic sealers and their role in caries prevention
  • Caries risk assessment related to orthodontic treatment

Prof. Dr. Omar El Meligy
Dr. Ahmed Samir Bakry
Dr. Mona Aly Abbassy
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioactive composite
  • silver diamine fluoride
  • laser
  • biodentine
  • autism spectrum disorder
  • bioactive remineralization of enamel
  • etiology and management of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH)
  • management of enamel white spot lesions
  • risk assessment of increased ingestion of erosive soft drinks
  • new modalities in dental cavity preparation
  • growth modification
  • interceptive orthodontics
  • hormonal disorders and their effects on skeletal and dental development
  • orthodontic sealers and their role in caries prevention
  • caries risk assessment related to orthodontic treatment

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 256 KiB  
Article
Preference for Comprehensive Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia among Parents with Previous Experience: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Sara M. Bagher, Heba Jafar Sabbagh, Alaa Nadhreen, Najlaa M. Alamoudi, Abdullah Almushayt, Manal Al-Malik, Maha R. Al Shehri and Heba Mohamed Elkhodary
Children 2023, 10(11), 1776; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10111776 - 2 Nov 2023
Viewed by 997
Abstract
This study aims to assess whether parents of children who previously received comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) would prefer comprehensive dental treatment under GA over regular dental care if any of their other children required comprehensive dental treatment. In this cross-sectional [...] Read more.
This study aims to assess whether parents of children who previously received comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) would prefer comprehensive dental treatment under GA over regular dental care if any of their other children required comprehensive dental treatment. In this cross-sectional study, parents of children who met the inclusion criteria were interviewed by a trained pediatric resident about parental-related factors as well as their satisfaction with their previous GA experience. Also, the factors related to the previously treated child were obtained from dental records. Statistical analysis was carried out, and the p value was set to 0.05. A total number of 306 parents were included. Although most parents, 293 (95.8%), showed satisfaction with the previous GA, 170 (58%) of the satisfied parents preferred regular care. Parents of children who were previously treated under GA for medical-related reasons (p = 0.018), fathers working in a governmental sector (p = 0.021), and families with low-average monthly income (p = 0.017) significantly preferred regular care. In conclusion, most parents were satisfied with the previous GA experience. Family income, fathers’ occupation, and medical-related factors can influence parental preference for comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia if any of their other children require comprehensive dental treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry)
14 pages, 2080 KiB  
Article
Visual Analysis of Panoramic Radiographs among Pediatric Dental Residents Using Eye-Tracking Technology: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Ghalia Y. Bhadila, Safiya I. Alsharif, Seba Almarei, Jamila A. Almashaikhi and Dania Bahdila
Children 2023, 10(9), 1476; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091476 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1128
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the eye tracking (ET) performance of postgraduate pediatric dental students in correctly detecting abnormalities in different sets of panoramic radiographs. This observational study recruited postgraduate pediatric dental students to evaluate seven panoramic radiographs. RED-m [...] Read more.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the eye tracking (ET) performance of postgraduate pediatric dental students in correctly detecting abnormalities in different sets of panoramic radiographs. This observational study recruited postgraduate pediatric dental students to evaluate seven panoramic radiographs. RED-m® SMI software (Sensomotoric Instruments, Teltow, Germany) was used to track the participants’ eye movements as they looked at the radiographs. The data collected for areas of interest (AOIs) included revisit counts, fixation counts, fixation times, entry times, and dwell times. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted to summarize the participants’ characteristics and ET measures. The overall percentage of correctly located AOIs was 71.7%. The residents had significantly more revisits and fixation counts in AOIs located in one sextant than in multiple sextants (p < 0.001). Similar patterns were observed for fixation and dwell times (p < 0.001), but not for entry time. Heatmaps showed that the highest density of fixations was on the AOIs and the residents fixated more on dentition than on bony structures. In single-sextant radiographs, residents had significantly more revisits and fixation counts for AOIs compared to those of multiple sextants. Residents had slower entry times and dwelled less on AOIs located in multiple sextant(s). The reported findings can direct dental educators to develop a standardized scan scheme of panoramic radiographs to minimize misdiagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry)
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12 pages, 1931 KiB  
Article
Non-Destructive In Vitro Evaluation of an Internal Adaptation of Recent Pulp-Capping Materials in Permanent Teeth Using OCT and Micro-CT
by Ahmed Y. Alzahrani, Amani A. Al Tuwirqi, Nada O. Bamashmous, Turki A. Bakhsh and Eman A. El Ashiry
Children 2023, 10(8), 1318; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081318 - 31 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1049
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess and compare the internal adaptation of various pulp-capping materials, namely TheraCal, Biodentine, and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), on the dentin of permanent teeth through the utilization of micro-computed tomography (MCT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to assess and compare the internal adaptation of various pulp-capping materials, namely TheraCal, Biodentine, and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), on the dentin of permanent teeth through the utilization of micro-computed tomography (MCT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Thirty permanent molars were divided into three groups using a random process: group A (TheraCal), group B (Biodentine), and group C (MTA, which served as the control group). On the buccal surface of each tooth, a class V cavity of a standardized cylindrical shape was prepared. Subsequently, the respective pulp-capping material was applied to the cavity based on the assigned group, followed by restoration with composite resin. Based on the MCT results, it was observed that group A had a considerably larger gap volume in comparison to groups B and C (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in gap volume between groups B and C. Regarding the OCT findings, group A displayed a substantially higher level of light reflection than groups B and C (p < 0.001). Group C exhibited a significantly lower level of light reflection in comparison to group B (p < 0.001). Biodentine and MTA revealed similar outcomes in terms of how well they adhered to the dentinal surface in permanent teeth. Both materials exhibited superior performance in comparison to TheraCal. The utilization of OCT in clinical practice could be advantageous as it enables dentists to monitor and evaluate restorations during post-treatment follow-up. It is imperative to intensify efforts aimed at making OCT equipment more accessible and applicable, overcoming its current limitations, and allowing for its widespread utilization in clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry)
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15 pages, 4531 KiB  
Article
Effect of Light-Curable Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Varnish on Non-Cavitated Proximal Caries Lesions in Primary Molars: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Jihan A. Khan, Najlaa M. Alamoudi, Eman A. El-Ashiry, Osama M. Felemban and Sara M. Bagher
Children 2023, 10(7), 1164; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10071164 - 3 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1196
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to radiographically and clinically assess, after six and twelve months, the additive effect of light-curable resin-modified glass ionomer (LCRMGI) varnish on preventive standard-of-care measures (sodium fluoride varnish, oral hygiene instructions, and dietary counseling) for the treatment of [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to radiographically and clinically assess, after six and twelve months, the additive effect of light-curable resin-modified glass ionomer (LCRMGI) varnish on preventive standard-of-care measures (sodium fluoride varnish, oral hygiene instructions, and dietary counseling) for the treatment of non-cavitated proximal carious lesions in primary molars. This prospective, split-mouth, randomized clinical trial recruited 5–8-year-old children with at least one pair of bilateral non-cavitated proximal carious lesions in the enamel or outer third of the dentin. The lesions were randomized into one of two groups: experimental (which received LCRMGI varnish with the preventive standard-of-care measures) or control (which received the preventive standard-of-care measure). A total of 47 out of 53 participants, with 70 out of 80 pairs, completed the study. Radiographically, lesions in the experimental groups were more likely to regress after six (OR = 3.25) and twelve months (OR = 2.67), but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.052 and p = 0.055, respectively). Clinically, the experimental group showed significantly higher regression rates than the control group after six and twelve months (p = 0.041 and p = 0.003, respectively). The LCRMGI varnish demonstrated promising potential as an adjuvant to preventive standard-of-care measures in promoting regression and inhibiting the progression of non-cavitated proximal carious lesions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry)
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13 pages, 4968 KiB  
Article
Effect of Culturally Adapted Dental Visual Aids on Anxiety Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial
by Ala Aljubour, Medhat AbdElBaki, Omar El Meligy, Basma Al-Jabri and Heba Sabbagh
Children 2023, 10(6), 1040; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10061040 - 9 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1221
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence has risen dramatically in recent decades; it is now common for children with ASD to seek dental care. Because their distinct behavioral patterns prevent them from receiving dental care in a traditional dental clinic, structured dental visual aids [...] Read more.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence has risen dramatically in recent decades; it is now common for children with ASD to seek dental care. Because their distinct behavioral patterns prevent them from receiving dental care in a traditional dental clinic, structured dental visual aids are required to help prepare them for their dental appointment. This study aimed to test the effect of “culturally adapted dental visual aids” in decreasing anxiety levels during dental visits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial was performed. Sixty-four children with ASD ages 6–12 years were assigned randomly into test and control groups based on the type of dental visual aids they received. The test group received “culturally adapted dental visual aids” created especially for the study, and the control group received “regular dental visual aids”. Anxiety levels were assessed before and after using both dental visual aids. All data were processed using SPSS version 25.0. The test group had a significant decrease in anxiety levels compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The “culturally adapted dental visual aids” have effectively reduced anxiety levels in children with ASD during dental visits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry)
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18 pages, 1242 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Use of Eye-Tracking Technology in Pediatric Orofacial Clefts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Ghalia Y. Bhadila and Dana A. Alyafi
Children 2023, 10(8), 1425; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081425 - 21 Aug 2023
Viewed by 917
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the quality of the peer-reviewed literature and evaluated the usefulness of eye-tracking technology in evaluating observers’ perceptions of pediatric patients with orofacial clefts. PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, and Web of Science were searched. Articles were screened in [...] Read more.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the quality of the peer-reviewed literature and evaluated the usefulness of eye-tracking technology in evaluating observers’ perceptions of pediatric patients with orofacial clefts. PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, and Web of Science were searched. Articles were screened in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines, and their methodological quality was assessed. Of the 10,254 identified studies, 12 were included. Eleven studies were cross-sectional, and one was a prospective cohort study. The main areas of interest analyzed were the eyes, nose, and mouth. Nine studies used assessment scales to analyze the link between perceived attractiveness and visualization patterns and measures. For the fixation duration outcome, six studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. All studies reported on fixation duration in milliseconds and reported on a standard deviation. The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the measurements between the control groups and the patients with orofacial clefts. This might indicate the usefulness of eye-tracking technology as a metric for assessing the success of cleft repairs based on the perceptions of different populations. Future studies should be comprehensively reported on for comparability and reproducibility purposes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Issues in Pediatric Dentistry)
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