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Crystals
Special Issues
Advanced Technologies in Lithium-Ion Batteries
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Advanced Technologies in Lithium-Ion Batteries

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials for Energy Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 8306

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Fan Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Physics (IOP), Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
Interests: all-solid-state batteries; failure analyses
Dr. Jingyu Lu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
Interests: energy storage materials; in situ/operando characterizations; nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Deping Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
Interests: Li/Na/K-ion batteries; solid-state batteries, lithium-air batteries; in situ XRD

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since their first commercialization by Sony in 1991, Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have been powering the boom of various portable devices and electric vehicles. They have seen a continuous enhancement in the achievable energy density, cycle life and safety, while their cost has reduced. LIBs are also vital to realize the zero-carbon-emission society in the future. This would not be possible without the great advances in LIB technologies.

In this Special Issue of Crystals, we aim to publish a collection of reports on advanced technologies in lithium-ion batteries. We sincerely invite researchers and experts, from universities, institutions and industries to contribute research articles, letters, perspectives or reviews on topics including but not limited to:

  • Cathode technologies.
  • Anode technologies.
  • Separator technologies.
  • Solid-state batteries.
  • Electric vehicles.
  • Battery management systems (BMSs).
  • Battery thermal management systems (BTMSs).
  • Characterization techniques.
  • Lithium extraction technologies (from the sea, salt lakes).
  • Recycling of Li-ion batteries.

Prof. Dr. Fan Wu
Dr. Jingyu Lu
Dr. Deping Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Li-ion batteries
  • Solid-state batteries
  • Electric vehicles
  • Characterizations
  • Lithium extraction
  • Recycling

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 2219 KiB  
Article
Exploitation of the Concept of Vicariance to Predict the Space Group of Lithiated Manganese or Cobalt Oxides
by Pier Paolo Prosini
Crystals 2023, 13(4), 602; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13040602 - 1 Apr 2023
Viewed by 978
Abstract
In this work, a machine learning program was used to predict the crystal structure of lithiated manganese or cobalt oxides based only on their chemical composition. The composition and crystal structure of lithiated iron oxides were used as trial matrix. To assign the [...] Read more.
In this work, a machine learning program was used to predict the crystal structure of lithiated manganese or cobalt oxides based only on their chemical composition. The composition and crystal structure of lithiated iron oxides were used as trial matrix. To assign the crystal structure, the Euclidean distance between the stoichiometric coefficients of the elements of the compound under testing and the trial compound was calculated. The softmax function was used to convert this distance into a probability distribution. The compound under test was assigned the space group of the training compound that appeared with the highest percentage. The logarithmic cross-entropy loss was used in evaluating the forecast results. The results showed that the program, for logarithmic cross-entropy loss values between 0.2 and 0.3, can predict the crystalline group with an accuracy of about 0.67. In the same range, sensitivity and precision values are placed in a range between 0.6 and 0.8, respectively, and the F1_Score reaches values above 0.62. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Lithium-Ion Batteries)
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14 pages, 5636 KiB  
Article
Pre-Recycling Material Analysis of NMC Lithium-Ion Battery Cells from Electric Vehicles
by Anna Pražanová, Jan Kočí, Martin Havlík Míka, Dominik Pilnaj, Zbyněk Plachý and Vaclav Knap
Crystals 2023, 13(2), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13020214 - 24 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2945
Abstract
Environmental concerns push for a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and technologies with a low carbon footprint. In the transportation sector, this drives the transition toward electric vehicles (EVs), which are nowadays mainly based on lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As the number of produced [...] Read more.
Environmental concerns push for a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and technologies with a low carbon footprint. In the transportation sector, this drives the transition toward electric vehicles (EVs), which are nowadays mainly based on lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As the number of produced EVs is rapidly growing, a large amount of waste batteries is expected in the future. Recycling seems to be one of the most promising end-of-life (EOL) methods; it reduces raw material consumption in battery production and the environmental burden. Thus, this work introduces a comprehensive pre-recycling material characterization of waste nickel-manganese-cobalt (NMC) LIB cells from a fully electric battery electric vehicle (BEV), which represents a basis for cost-effective and environmentally friendly recycling focusing on the efficiency of the implemented technique. The composition of the NCM 622 battery cell was determined; it included a LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 spinel on a 15 μm Al-based current collector (cathode), a graphite layer on 60 μm copper foil (anode), 25 μm PE/PVDF polymer separator, and a LiPF6 salt electrolyte with a 1:3 ratio in primary solvents DMC and DEC. The performed research was based on a series of X-ray, infrared (IR) measurements, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) characterization of an aqueous solution with dissolved electrolytes. These results will be used in subsequent works devoted to optimizing the most suitable recycling technique considering the environmental and economic perspectives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Lithium-Ion Batteries)
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9 pages, 3819 KiB  
Article
Non-Flammable Dual-Salt Deep Eutectic Electrolyte for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Battery
by Wanbao Wu, Qing Li, Miaomiao Cao, Deping Li, Jingyu Lu, Mingyu Li and Jiaheng Zhang
Crystals 2022, 12(9), 1290; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12091290 - 13 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2134
Abstract
The application of high voltage cathode electrode materials is an effective way to increase the energy density of batteries. However, the development and design of a stable electrolyte at high voltages needs to be further addressed. Herein, we developed a non-flammable dual-salt deep [...] Read more.
The application of high voltage cathode electrode materials is an effective way to increase the energy density of batteries. However, the development and design of a stable electrolyte at high voltages needs to be further addressed. Herein, we developed a non-flammable dual-salt deep eutectic solvent (DES) as a safe electrolyte containing LiTFSI, LiDFOB, and succinonitrile in different molar ratios. This non-flammable DES provides high ionic conductivity (4.23 mS cm−1) at 25 °C, high Li+ transference number (0.75), and wide electrochemical stability (>5.5 V). When using the designed DES electrolytes in high voltage LiCoO2||Li cells, superior electrochemical performance was achieved at cut-off voltages of 3.0–4.45 V and 3.0–4.6 V, even at a high current density of 2 C. This work offers an in-depth understanding of the critical role of dual-salts in DES and provides an approach to designing safe electrolytes for high voltage LiCoO2||Li cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Lithium-Ion Batteries)
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10 pages, 2774 KiB  
Article
A Comparative Study on the K-ion Storage Behavior of Commercial Carbons
by Yiwei Wang, Yunzhuo Liu, Fengjun Ji, Deping Li, Jinru Huang, Hainan Sun, Shuang Wen, Qing Sun, Jingyu Lu and Lijie Ci
Crystals 2022, 12(8), 1140; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12081140 - 13 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1537
Abstract
Potassium-ion battery, a key analog of lithium-ion battery, is attracting enormous attentions owing to the abundant reserves and low cost of potassium salts, and the electrochemically reversible insertion/extraction of the K-ion within the commercial graphite inspires a research spotlight in searching and designing [...] Read more.
Potassium-ion battery, a key analog of lithium-ion battery, is attracting enormous attentions owing to the abundant reserves and low cost of potassium salts, and the electrochemically reversible insertion/extraction of the K-ion within the commercial graphite inspires a research spotlight in searching and designing suitable carbon electrode materials. Herein, five commercially available carbons are selected as the anode material, and the K-ion storage capability is comparably evaluated from various aspects, including reversible capacity, cyclability, coulombic efficiency, and rate capability. This work may boost the development of potassium-ion batteries from a viewpoint of practical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Lithium-Ion Batteries)
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