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Dentistry Journal
Special Issues
Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration
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Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration

A special issue of Dentistry Journal (ISSN 2304-6767). This special issue belongs to the section "Oral Hygiene, Periodontology and Peri-implant Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2019) | Viewed by 42610

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Carlos E. Nemcovsky

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Periodontology and Dental Implantology, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Interests: soft and hard tissue reconstruction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Miron Weinreb

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel‐Aviv 69978, Israel
Interests: bone regeneration and osteoprogenitor cells; skeletal manifestations of various diseases; prostaglandins as bone anabolic agents

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This special issue entitled “Soft and hard tissue regeneration” will cover both periodontal and implant therapies.

Regenerative periodontal treatment goal is to restore functional periodontal support offering a valuable treatment alternative even for teeth with large periodontal destruction, which may be successfully treated and maintained in health for long periods. In most cases where teeth are extracted for periodontal reasons, implant therapy will demand large bone augmentation procedures.

Lack of sufficient bone volume may prevent placement of dental implants.

In extreme cases, large bone reconstruction is indispensable before implant placement can be performed. Although, most bone grafts are only able to fill and maintain a space, where bone regeneration can occur (“osseoconductive”), the ideal bone graft will also promote osseous regeneration (“osseoinductive”).

Several bone augmentation procedures have been described, each, presenting advantages and shortcomings.

Success of bone augmentation procedures depends on the presence of bone forming cells, primary wound closure over the augmented area, space creation and maintenance where bone can grow and proper angiogenesis of the grafted area.

Factors that influence the choice of the surgical technique are the estimated duration of surgical procedure, its complexity, cost, total estimated length of procedure until the final rehabilitations may be installed and the surgeons’ experience.

This special issue will have a definite clinical orientation, and be entirely dedicated to soft and hard tissue regenerative treatment alternatives, both in periodontal and implant therapy, discussing their rationale, indications and clinical procedures. Internationally renowned leading researchers and clinicians will contribute with articles in their field of expertize.

Prof. Dr. Carlos E. Nemcovsky
Prof. Dr. Miron Weinreb
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Dentistry Journal is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • periodontal treatment
  • dental implants
  • orthodontic treatment
  • complications
  • pre-clinical research
  • clinical research
  • esthetics
  • maxillary sinus
  • bone augmentation
  • bone grafts
  • membranes
  • osseo-conduction
  • osseo-induction
  • growth factors
  • therapy

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review, Other

2 pages, 156 KiB  
Editorial
Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration—A Special Issue of Dentistry Journal
by Carlos E. Nemcovsky and Miron Weinreb
Dent. J. 2018, 6(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj6010004 - 23 Jan 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3008
Abstract
This Special Issue entitled “Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration” will cover both periodontal and implant therapies.[...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review, Other

10 pages, 1835 KiB  
Article
Spectrophotometric Determination of the Aggregation Activity of Platelets in Platelet-Rich Plasma for Better Quality Control
by Tetsuhiro Tsujino, Kazushige Isobe, Hideo Kawabata, Hachidai Aizawa, Sadahiro Yamaguchi, Yutaka Kitamura, Hideo Masuki, Taisuke Watanabe, Hajime Okudera, Koh Nakata and Tomoyuki Kawase
Dent. J. 2019, 7(2), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj7020061 - 03 Jun 2019
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3872
Abstract
Although platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is now widely used in regenerative medicine and dentistry, contradictory clinical outcomes have often been obtained. To minimize such differences and to obtain high quality evidence from clinical studies, the PRP preparation protocol needs to be standardized. In addition, [...] Read more.
Although platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is now widely used in regenerative medicine and dentistry, contradictory clinical outcomes have often been obtained. To minimize such differences and to obtain high quality evidence from clinical studies, the PRP preparation protocol needs to be standardized. In addition, emphasis must be placed on quality control. Following our previous spectrophotometric method of platelet counting, in this study, another simple and convenient spectrophotometric method to determine platelet aggregation activity has been developed. Citrated blood samples were collected from healthy donors and used. After centrifugation twice, platelets were suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced aggregation was determined using a spectrophotometer at 615 nm. For validation, platelets pretreated with aspirin, an antiplatelet agent, or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an oxidative stress-inducing agent, were also analyzed. Optimal platelet concentration, assay buffer solution, and representative time point for determination of aggregation were found to be 50–100 × 104/μL, PBS, and 3 min after stimulation, respectively. Suppressed or injured platelets showed a significantly lower aggregation response to ADP. Therefore, it suggests that this spectrophotometric method may be useful in quick chair-side evaluation of individual PRP quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration)
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11 pages, 2124 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of an In Situ Hardening β-Tricalcium Phosphate Graft Material for Alveolar Ridge Preservation. A Histomorphometric Animal Study in Pigs
by Minas Leventis, George Agrogiannis, Peter Fairbairn, Orestis Vasiliadis, Danai Papavasileiou, Evangelia Theodoropoulou, Robert Horowitz and Demos Kalyvas
Dent. J. 2018, 6(3), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj6030027 - 02 Jul 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 5795
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a resorbable alloplastic in situ hardening bone grafting material for alveolar ridge preservation in a swine model. Seven Landrace pigs were used. In each animal, the maxillary left and right deciduous second [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a resorbable alloplastic in situ hardening bone grafting material for alveolar ridge preservation in a swine model. Seven Landrace pigs were used. In each animal, the maxillary left and right deciduous second molars were extracted, and extraction sites were either grafted with a resorbable alloplastic in situ hardening bone substitute, composed of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules coated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), or left unfilled to heal spontaneously. Animals were euthanized after 12 weeks, and the bone tissue was analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically. Linear changes of ridge width were also clinically measured and analyzed. Pronounced bone regeneration was found in both experimental and control sites, with no statistically significant differences. At the experimental sites, most of the alloplastic grafting material was resorbed and remnants of the graft particles were severely decreased in size. Moreover, experimental sites showed, in a statistically nonsignificant way, less mean horizontal dimensional reduction of the alveolar ridge (7.69%) compared to the control sites (8.86%). In conclusion, the β-TCP/PLGA biomaterial performed well as a biocompatible resorbable in situ hardening bone substitute when placed in intact extraction sockets in this animal model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration)
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11 pages, 1849 KiB  
Article
The Use of Tooth Particles as a Biomaterial in Post-Extraction Sockets. Experimental Study in Dogs
by José Luis Calvo-Guirado, José Eduardo Maté-Sánchez de Val, María Luisa Ramos-Oltra, Carlos Pérez-Albacete Martínez, María Piedad Ramírez-Fernández, Manuel Maiquez-Gosálvez, Sergio A Gehrke, Manuel Fernández-Domínguez, Georgios E. Romanos and Rafael Arcesio Delgado-Ruiz
Dent. J. 2018, 6(2), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj6020012 - 06 May 2018
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 6637 | Retraction
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate new bone formation derived from freshly crushed extracted teeth, grafted immediately in post-extraction sites in an animal model, compared with sites without graft filling, evaluated at 30 and 90 days. Material and Methods [...] Read more.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate new bone formation derived from freshly crushed extracted teeth, grafted immediately in post-extraction sites in an animal model, compared with sites without graft filling, evaluated at 30 and 90 days. Material and Methods: The bilateral premolars P2, P3, P4 and the first mandibular molar were extracted atraumatically from six Beagle dogs. The clean, dry teeth were ground immediately using the Smart Dentin Grinder. The tooth particles obtained were subsequently sieved through a special sorting filter into two compartments; the upper container isolating particles over 1200 μm, the lower container isolated particles over 300 μm. The crushed teeth were grafted into the post-extraction sockets at P3, P4 and M1 (test group) (larger and smaller post-extraction alveoli), while P2 sites were left unfilled and acted as a control group. Tissue healing and bone formation were evaluated by histological and histomorphometric analysis after 30 and 90 days. Results: At 30 days, test site bone formation was greater in the test group than the control group (p < 0.05); less immature bone was observed in the test group (25.71%) than the control group (55.98%). At 90 days, significant differences in bone formation were found with more in the test group than the control group. No significant differences were found in new bone formation when comparing the small and large alveoli post-extraction sites. Conclusions: Tooth particles extracted from dog’s teeth, grafted immediately after extractions can be considered a suitable biomaterial for socket preservation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration)
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Review

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13 pages, 2870 KiB  
Review
Regeneration of the Periodontal Apparatus in Aggressive Periodontitis Patients
by Zvi Artzi, Shiran Sudri, Ori Platner and Avital Kozlovsky
Dent. J. 2019, 7(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj7010029 - 08 Mar 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 11332
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare, retrospectively, the outcome of two different periodontal regeneration procedures in patients suffering from aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with AgP, suffering from several intra-bony defects (IBD); that were treated by one [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare, retrospectively, the outcome of two different periodontal regeneration procedures in patients suffering from aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with AgP, suffering from several intra-bony defects (IBD); that were treated by one of two periodontal regeneration techniques randomly assigned to each patient: a. guided tissue regeneration (GTR) or b. an application of extracted enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) combined with demineralized bone xenograft particles (DBX). Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession were recorded. Pre-treatment and follow-up (up to 10 years from the surgery) recordings were analyzed statistically within and between groups. A significant reduction was shown at time on PPD and CAL values, however, not between subject groups. CAL values decreased in all sites. At the EMD group (44 sites), CAL gain was 1.92 mm (±1.68) from pre-treatment to follow-up (p < 0.001) and at the GTR group (12 sites) CAL gain of 2.27 (±1.82) mm. In conclusion, 1–10 years observations have shown that surgical treatment of AgP patients by either GTR or by application of EMD/DBX results in similar successful clinical results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration)
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12 pages, 3686 KiB  
Review
Videoscope-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (VMIS) for Bone Regeneration around Teeth and Implants: A Literature Review and Technique Update
by Stephen K. Harrel
Dent. J. 2018, 6(3), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj6030030 - 06 Jul 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5426
Abstract
Background—The literature related to minimally invasive periodontal surgery is reviewed. This includes the original minimally invasive surgery (MIS) procedure for bone regeneration, the modification of MIS for the minimally invasive surgery technique (MIST) and modified MIST (M-MIST) procedures, and the introduction of the [...] Read more.
Background—The literature related to minimally invasive periodontal surgery is reviewed. This includes the original minimally invasive surgery (MIS) procedure for bone regeneration, the modification of MIS for the minimally invasive surgery technique (MIST) and modified MIST (M-MIST) procedures, and the introduction of the videoscope for oral surgical procedures and the ability to perform videoscope-assisted minimally invasive surgery (VMIS). The evolution from MIS through MIST to the current VMIS is reviewed. The results from studies of each of these methods are reported. Conclusion—The use of small incisions that produce minimal trauma and preserve most of the blood supply to the periodontal and peri-implant tissues results in improved regenerative outcomes, minimal to absent negative esthetic outcomes, and little or no patient discomfort. Minimally invasive procedures are a reliable method to regenerate periodontal tissues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration)
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Other

11 pages, 7519 KiB  
Case Report
Combination Therapy for Reconstructive Periodontal Treatment in the Lower Anterior Area: Clinical Evaluation of a Case Series
by Carlos E. Nemcovsky and Ilan Beitlitum
Dent. J. 2018, 6(4), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj6040050 - 01 Oct 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 5734
Abstract
Clinically, periodontal regeneration may be achieved by the application of barrier membranes, grafts, wound-healing modifiers, and their combinations. Combination therapy refers to the simultaneous application of various periodontal reconstructive treatment alternatives to obtain additive effects. This approach may lead to assemblage of different [...] Read more.
Clinically, periodontal regeneration may be achieved by the application of barrier membranes, grafts, wound-healing modifiers, and their combinations. Combination therapy refers to the simultaneous application of various periodontal reconstructive treatment alternatives to obtain additive effects. This approach may lead to assemblage of different regenerative principles, such as conductivity and inductivity, space provision and wound stability, matrix development and cell differentiation. The application of autogenous connective tissue grafts during periodontal regenerative treatment with enamel matrix proteins derivative (EMD) has been previously reported. The present case series present a modified approach for treatment of severe periodontally involved lower incisors presenting with thin gingival biotype, gingival recession, minimal attached and keratinized gingiva width and muscle and/or frenum pull. In all cases a combination therapy consisting of a single buccal access flap, root conditioning, EMD application on the denuded root surfaces and a free connective tissue graft was performed. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were consistently satisfactory, leading to probing depth reduction, clinical attachment gain, minimal gingival recession, increased attached and keratinizing gingival width, elimination of frenum and/or muscle pull together with radiographic bone fill of the defects. It may be concluded that the present combination therapy for reconstructive periodontal treatment in the lower anterior area is a valuable alternative for indicated cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration)
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