Research

Jump to: Review

13 pages, 1314 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Diagnostic Value of DAPK Methylation for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Meta-Analysis

by Thuan Duc Lao, Phuong Kim Truong and Thuy Ai Huyen Le

Diagnostics 2023, 13(18), 2926; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13182926 - 12 Sep 2023

Viewed by 870

Background: Methylation of DAPK has been reported to play a key role in the initiation and progression of nasopharyngeal cancer. However, there are differences between the studies on it. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of DAPK promoter methylation for [...] Read more.

Background: Methylation of DAPK has been reported to play a key role in the initiation and progression of nasopharyngeal cancer. However, there are differences between the studies on it. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of DAPK promoter methylation for NPC. Method: The study method involves the systematic research of eligible studies based on criteria. The frequency, odds ratios (OR), sensitivity as well as specificity with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the effect sizes. Results: A total of 13 studies, including 1048 NPC samples and 446 non-cancerous samples, were used for the meta-analysis. The overall frequencies of DAPK methylation were 56.94% and 9.28% in NPC samples and non-cancerous samples, respectively. The association between DAPK methylation and risk of NPC was also confirmed by calculating the OR value which was 13.13 (95%CI = 54.24–40.72) based on a random-effect model (Q = 64.74; p < 0.0001; I² = 81.47% with 95%CI for I² = 69.39–88.78). Additionally, the study results suggest that testing for DAPK methylation in tissue samples or brushing may provide a promising method for diagnosing NPC. Conclusion: This is the first meta-analysis that provided scientific evidence that methylation of the DAPK gene could serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and early screening of NPC patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Histopathology in Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

0 pages, 2029 KiB

Open AccessArticle

QuPath Algorithm Accurately Identifies MLH1-Deficient Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Cancers in a Tissue Microarray

by Ross J. Porter, Shahida Din, Peter Bankhead, Anca Oniscu and Mark J. Arends

Diagnostics 2023, 13(11), 1890; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111890 - 28 May 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2099

Abstract

Current methods for analysing immunohistochemistry are labour-intensive and often confounded by inter-observer variability. Analysis is time consuming when identifying small clinically important cohorts within larger samples. This study trained QuPath, an open-source image analysis program, to accurately identify MLH1-deficient inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal [...] Read more.

Current methods for analysing immunohistochemistry are labour-intensive and often confounded by inter-observer variability. Analysis is time consuming when identifying small clinically important cohorts within larger samples. This study trained QuPath, an open-source image analysis program, to accurately identify MLH1-deficient inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancers (IBD-CRC) from a tissue microarray containing normal colon and IBD-CRC. The tissue microarray (n = 162 cores) was immunostained for MLH1, digitalised, and imported into QuPath. A small sample (n = 14) was used to train QuPath to detect positive versus no MLH1 and tissue histology (normal epithelium, tumour, immune infiltrates, stroma). This algorithm was applied to the tissue microarray and correctly identified tissue histology and MLH1 expression in the majority of valid cases (73/99, 73.74%), incorrectly identified MLH1 status in one case (1.01%), and flagged 25/99 (25.25%) cases for manual review. Qualitative review found five reasons for flagged cores: small quantity of tissue, diverse/atypical morphology, excessive inflammatory/immune infiltrations, normal mucosa, or weak/patchy immunostaining. Of classified cores (n = 74), QuPath was 100% (95% CI 80.49, 100) sensitive and 98.25% (95% CI 90.61, 99.96) specific for identifying MLH1-deficient IBD-CRC; κ = 0.963 (95% CI 0.890, 1.036) (p < 0.001). This process could be efficiently automated in diagnostic laboratories to examine all colonic tissue and tumours for MLH1 expression. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Histopathology in Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

20 pages, 2224 KiB

Open AccessReview

Cutaneous Intravascular Hematolymphoid Entities: A Review

by Emily Hatheway Marshall, Bethany Brumbaugh, Allison Holt, Steven T. Chen and Mai P. Hoang

Diagnostics 2024, 14(7), 679; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070679 - 23 Mar 2024

Viewed by 676

Abstract

Intravascular lymphomas are rare disease conditions that exhibit neoplastic lymphoid cells that are confined mainly to the lumens of small capillaries and medium-sized vessels. The majority of the intravascular lymphomas are of B-cell origin, but they can include NK/T-cell and CD30+ immunophenotypes. In [...] Read more.

Intravascular lymphomas are rare disease conditions that exhibit neoplastic lymphoid cells that are confined mainly to the lumens of small capillaries and medium-sized vessels. The majority of the intravascular lymphomas are of B-cell origin, but they can include NK/T-cell and CD30+ immunophenotypes. In the histologic differential diagnosis are benign proliferations such as intralymphatic histiocytosis and intravascular atypical CD30+ T-cell proliferation. In this review, we discuss the clinical, histopathologic, and molecular findings of intravascular B-cell lymphoma, intravascular NK/T-cell lymphoma, intralymphatic histiocytosis, and benign atypical intravascular CD30+ T-cell proliferation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Histopathology in Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis)

► Show Figures