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Medical Optical Imaging: Current Diagnostics, Therapeutic and Surgical Applications in...
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Medical Optical Imaging: Current Diagnostics, Therapeutic and Surgical Applications in Ophthalmology—Third Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Optics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 4360

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Daniele Tognetto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University Eye Clinic of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
Interests: vitreoretinal surgery; glaucoma surgery; corneal surgical procedures (keratoplasty); anterior and posterior segment diseases; eye trauma
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mario Damiano Toro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland
Interests: cataract surgery; ocular trauma managment; vitreoretinal surgery; experimental ocular surgery; 3D surgery; secondary IOL implantation; pole-to-pole surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rosa Giglio

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Eye Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34134 Trieste, Italy
Interests: cataract surgery; intraocular lenses (IOLs); corneal diseases; astigmatism; dry eye; corneal surgical procedures (keratoplasty)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The anatomy of the eyes is unique because it allows ophthalmologists to see inside the body, exploiting the principles of illumination and magnification. Imaging technologies have radically evolved during the past few decades. The introduction of imaging tools has significantly improved the diagnosis; the treatment, including intraoperative applications; and the follow-up of many ophthalmic conditions. Unfortunately, some of the data provided by innovative tools are still only employed in research settings because of a lack of consensus on their use in routine clinical practice.

The aim of this Special Issue is to share information about newly developed methodologies and advancements in optical imaging technology in the field of ophthalmology.

The scope of this Special Issue includes original studies on innovative technologies and/or methods applied to the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of anterior and posterior segment diseases. Studies dealing with multimodal imaging methods as well as reviews on the currently available tools will also be accepted.

Prof. Dr. Daniele Tognetto
Dr. Mario Damiano Toro
Dr. Rosa Giglio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical imaging
  • optical coherence tomography (OCT)
  • intraoperative OCT
  • OCT angiography
  • imaging systems
  • biomedical optics
  • in vivo imaging
  • polarization
  • fluorescence imaging
  • fundus autofluorescence imaging

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 3942 KiB  
Article
Twelve-Month Outcomes and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Biomarkers After Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implantation in Pseudophakic Eyes with Post-Vitrectomy Cystoid Macular Edema (CME)—Refractory to Medical Therapy
by Francesco Pignatelli, Alfredo Niro, Giuseppe Addabbo, Pasquale Viggiano, Giacomo Boscia, Maria Oliva Grassi, Francesco Boscia, Cristiana Iaculli, Giulia Maria Emilia Clima, Antonio Barone and Ermete Giancipoli
Diagnostics 2025, 15(2), 147; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15020147 - 10 Jan 2025
Viewed by 731
Abstract
Background: In this study, we evaluated the incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for different retinal pathologies and assessed the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers in guiding treatment decisions in post-surgical CME patients who were [...] Read more.
Background: In this study, we evaluated the incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for different retinal pathologies and assessed the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers in guiding treatment decisions in post-surgical CME patients who were refractory to medical therapy over a follow-up period of 12 months. Methods: Medical records of consecutive pseudophakic patients, who underwent PPV for different retinal pathologies, were retrospectively evaluated in this single-center, uncontrolled study. The incidence of post-PPV CME was assessed. Eyes with post-PPV CME in the first 2 months after surgery, with available clinical and OCT data for 12 months after surgery, were included in the evaluation. The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; logMAR), mean central macular thickness (CMT; μm) change, and response to different treatments [medical therapy and intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant] were evaluated 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after PPV. The impact of OCT biomarkers on the exposure to DEX implants was assessed. Adverse events, potentially related to the treatment, were investigated as well. Results: Of the 346 pseudophakic patients (352 eyes) who participated in this study, 54 (54 eyes) developed CME within the first 2 months after PPV (incidence of 15.3%). Among them, 48 patients were deemed eligible for the 12-month analysis. Preoperative mean BCVA (1.44 ± 0.99 logMAR) significantly improved to 0.32 ± 0.37 logMAR after 12 months (p < 0.001). The mean baseline CMT of 347 (±123.5) μm significantly decreased to 290 μm (±80.4; p = 0.003) by the end of the follow-up. Twenty-five eyes (52%) required one or more DEX implants for CME, due to being refractory to topical therapy. Significant correlations were found between the mean CMT values at various time points. Additionally, patients who required DEX implants at months 3 and 9 were more likely to present intraretinal fluid (IRF), disorganization of inner retinal layers (DRIL), disorganization of outer retinal layers (DROL), and hyper-reflective foci (HRF) at 1-month OCT. Five patients experienced a slight increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), which was successfully managed with topical medication. Conclusions: Topical therapy alone can be a valuable option for post-PPV CME in approximately 50% of patients. Significant visual recovery and macular thickness reduction at 12 months demonstrated that DEX implants can be a safe and effective second-line treatment for pseudophakic patients with post-PPV CME and who are refractory to medical therapy. Early post-surgical OCT biomarkers may indicate a more severe CME that might benefit from the steroid implant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Optical Imaging: Current Diagnostics, Therapeutic and Surgical Applications in Ophthalmology—Third Edition)
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11 pages, 5634 KiB  
Article
Intraoperative OCT-Guided Selective Epiretinal Membrane (ERM) Peeling Versus ERM and Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Tractional Macular Edema in Diabetic Eyes
by Francesco Pignatelli, Alfredo Niro, Pasquale Viggiano, Giacomo Boscia, Giuseppe Addabbo, Francesco Boscia, Cristiana Iaculli and Ermete Giancipoli
Diagnostics 2024, 14(23), 2610; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232610 - 21 Nov 2024
Viewed by 775
Abstract
Background and Aim: Despite the abundant literature, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling remains a controversial topic, especially in diabetic eyes. We compared the safety and effectiveness of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT)-assisted selective epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling with dye-assisted ERM and ILM peeling, [...] Read more.
Background and Aim: Despite the abundant literature, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling remains a controversial topic, especially in diabetic eyes. We compared the safety and effectiveness of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT)-assisted selective epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling with dye-assisted ERM and ILM peeling, for the treatment of tractional diabetic macular edema (tDME). Material and Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, we evaluated consecutive patients with tDME who underwent iOCT-assisted selective ERM peeling (Group A) or “dual blue” dye-assisted ERM and ILM peeling (Group B). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were compared over a 12-month follow-up. A linear mixed model analysis was performed. Results: At baseline, the two groups were comparable in terms of their demographic and clinical outcomes. No significant difference between BCVA and CMT was observed among the groups. Both groups showed significant improvement in outcomes at the last follow-up (p < 0.001), although only iOCT-assisted ERM peeling ensured significant visual gain and macular thinning (p < 0.001) one month after surgery. A significant effect of time on both outcomes (p < 0.001) and of time–treatment interaction on visual change (p = 0.02) were observed. In eight patients, macular edema recurred (Group A: two patients; Group B: six patients) and was managed with an intravitreal dexamethasone implant. In Group A, one patient developed a recurrence of ERM without the need for reoperation. Conclusions: iOCT-assisted ERM removal may be as effective as dye-assisted ERM and ILM peeling to treat tDME. Additionally, it ensures a quicker recovery of visual function and macular thickness. The observed ERM recurrence within the 1-year follow-up was mild and did not necessitate additional surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Optical Imaging: Current Diagnostics, Therapeutic and Surgical Applications in Ophthalmology—Third Edition)
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12 pages, 1586 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Precision, Agreement, and Accuracy of Two Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Biometers
by Mercè Guarro, Meritxell Vázquez, Juan Carlos Díaz, Sergi Ruiz, Maties Gimeno, Lara Rodríguez, Elena López, Laura Sararols and Marc Biarnés
Diagnostics 2024, 14(21), 2422; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14212422 - 30 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study’s aim was to compare the precision, agreement, and accuracy in axial length (AL) measurements of Argos® (Alcon Healthcare, US) and Eyestar 900® (Haag-Streit, Switzerland) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometers. Methods: We performed a prospective evaluation [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This study’s aim was to compare the precision, agreement, and accuracy in axial length (AL) measurements of Argos® (Alcon Healthcare, US) and Eyestar 900® (Haag-Streit, Switzerland) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometers. Methods: We performed a prospective evaluation of two diagnostic devices. Three consecutive measurements of AL with the Argos® and the Eyestar® 900 SS-OCT biometers were conducted in random order in eyes undergoing cataract surgery in Barcelona, Spain. The main endpoint was the median difference in AL between devices. Secondary endpoints included agreement on Bland–Altman plots and 95% limits of agreement (LoAs), repeatability as measured within-subject standard deviation (SW), percent of failed AL measurements, percent of eyes within ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D one month after surgery, and median and mean prediction error. Results: We included 107 eyes of 107 patients (60.8% females, mean age of 73.1 years). The median difference in AL (Argos®-Eyestar 900®) was −0.01 mm (interquartile range [IQR], 0.06), p = 0.01. The 95% LoAs were −0.11 to +0.08 mm, with a trend towards less extreme measurements with Argos® for very short and long eyes. The median (IQR) Sw was 0.0058 (0.0058) and 0.0000 (0.0058) for Argos® and Eyestar 900®, respectively. There were no failed AL measurements with either device (0%, 95% CI = 0% to 3.4%). Overall, 96.1% of eyes were within ±0.50 D and 100% were within ±1.00 D. Conclusions: Argos® and Eyestar 900® provided statistically different but clinically negligible differences in AL. However, they are not interchangeable in very long or short eyes, due to the different principles used to determine AL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Optical Imaging: Current Diagnostics, Therapeutic and Surgical Applications in Ophthalmology—Third Edition)
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10 pages, 2181 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Choriocapillaris Reperfusion Topography following Faricimab Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Non-Treatment-Naïve Patients
by Max Brinkmann, Pasquale Viggiano, Giacomo Boscia, Mathis Danckwardt, Evelyn Susantija, Tom Müller, Niccolò Castellino, Jakob Schweighofer, Francesco Boscia, Mario Damiano Toro and Yosuf El-Shabrawi
Diagnostics 2024, 14(9), 901; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090901 - 25 Apr 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1425
Abstract
To assess changes in choriocapillaris (CC) vascular density surrounding macular neovascularization (MNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) when transitioning from various anti-VEGF treatments to faricimab, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). 25 eyes of 22 individuals who underwent intravitreal faricimab injections for neovascular [...] Read more.
To assess changes in choriocapillaris (CC) vascular density surrounding macular neovascularization (MNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) when transitioning from various anti-VEGF treatments to faricimab, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). 25 eyes of 22 individuals who underwent intravitreal faricimab injections for neovascular AMD with type 1 MNV were included. OCTA images were obtained prior to (T0), after one (T1), and after three faricimab injections (T2); Noteworthy changes occurred in the first ring at T2 in comparison to T0. The percentage of CC flow deficit (FD%), FD average area (FDa), and FD number (FDn) in 5 rings (R1-R5) surrounding the dark halo around the MNV were calculated. A reduction in FD% at T2 compared to T0 (50.5 ± 10.2% at T0, 46.4 ± 10.6% at T2; p = 0.020) was seen, indicating CC reperfusion. Additionally, we observed a reduction in the average FDa (140.2 ± 172.1% at T0, 93.7 ± 101.8% at T2; p = 0.029). Our study highlights an FD% after three consecutive faricimab injections. The most pronounced effect was observed in the first ring, directly adjacent to the dark halo, suggesting a partial CC reperfusion surrounding the MNV, potentially indicating disease regression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Optical Imaging: Current Diagnostics, Therapeutic and Surgical Applications in Ophthalmology—Third Edition)
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