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Diagnostics
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Hearing Loss: From Diagnosis to Pathology
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Hearing Loss: From Diagnosis to Pathology

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2024) | Viewed by 3377

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mehdi Abouzari

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Guest Editor
Division of Neurotology and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
Interests: hearing loss; tinnitus; dizziness; Meniere’s disease; artificial intelligence in clinical decision-making processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hamid R. Djalilian

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Guest Editor
Division of Neurotology and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
Interests: hearing loss; tinnitus; dizziness; Meniere’s disease; cochlear implant; skull base surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We invite researchers to submit papers for publication in a Special Issue of the MDPI journal Diagnostics, which is titled “Hearing Loss: From Diagnosis to Pathology”.

Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit, affecting both children and elderly patients. Hearing is vital to individual well-being, as it enables people to effectively communicate and maintain strong relationships with their friends and families. Therefore, while hearing loss may not be a life-threatening condition, if it is left undiagnosed and untreated, it can result in delays in language acquisition, significantly impacting a child’s academic, social, and emotional development. Similarly, in elderly individuals, undiagnosed and untreated hearing loss can lead to feelings of loneliness, social isolation, and depression and can even contribute to onset of dementia and cognitive decline. Therefore, timely diagnosis and accurate identification of the etiological factors that underlie hearing loss are crucial for the treatment and avoidance of its adverse effects, promoting improved well-being for patients of all ages.

This Special Issue includes publications related to various aspects of hearing loss, including the latest advancements in hearing loss diagnosis, early identification of hearing loss and/or hidden hearing loss, and the exploration of the diverse etiologies that contribute to this condition. We are happy to consider both basic and clinical research studies.

We hope that you will contribute your work to ensure that this Special Issue improves its readers’ knowledge of hearing loss.

Dr. Mehdi Abouzari
Dr. Hamid R. Djalilian
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hearing loss
  • sudden sensorineural hearing loss
  • hidden hearing loss
  • audiology
  • hearing tests
  • auditory brainstem response
  • auditory nerve imaging

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2000 KiB  
Article
Accuracy and Consistency of Confidence Limits for Monosyllable Identification Scores Derived Using Simulation, the Harrell–Davis Estimator, and Nonlinear Quantile Regression
by Vijaya Kumar Narne, Dhanya Mohan, Sruthi Das Avileri, Saransh Jain, Sunil Kumar Ravi, Krishna Yerraguntla, Abdulaziz Almudhi and Brian C. J. Moore
Diagnostics 2024, 14(13), 1397; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14131397 - 30 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Background: Audiological diagnosis and rehabilitation often involve the assessment of whether the maximum speech identification score (PBmax) is poorer than expected from the pure-tone average (PTA) threshold. This requires the estimation of the lower boundary of the PBmax values expected [...] Read more.
Background: Audiological diagnosis and rehabilitation often involve the assessment of whether the maximum speech identification score (PBmax) is poorer than expected from the pure-tone average (PTA) threshold. This requires the estimation of the lower boundary of the PBmax values expected for a given PTA (one-tailed 95% confidence limit, CL). This study compares the accuracy and consistency of three methods for estimating the 95% CL. Method: The 95% CL values were estimated using a simulation method, the Harrell–Davis (HD) estimator, and non-linear quantile regression (nQR); the latter two are both distribution-free methods. The first two methods require the formation of sub-groups with different PTAs. Accuracy and consistency in the estimation of the 95% CL were assessed by applying each method to many random samples of 50% of the available data and using the fitted parameters to predict the data for the remaining 50%. Study sample: A total of 642 participants aged 17 to 84 years with sensorineural hearing loss were recruited from audiology clinics. Pure-tone audiograms were obtained and PBmax scores were measured using monosyllables at 40 dB above the speech recognition threshold or at the most comfortable level. Results: For the simulation method, 6.7 to 8.2% of the PBmax values fell below the 95% CL for both ears, exceeding the target value of 5%. For the HD and nQR methods, the PBmax values fell below the estimated 95% CL for approximately 5% of the ears, indicating good accuracy. Consistency, estimated from the standard deviation of the deviations from the target value of 5%, was similar for all the methods. Conclusions: The nQR method is recommended because it has good accuracy and consistency, and it does not require the formation of arbitrary PTA sub-groups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hearing Loss: From Diagnosis to Pathology)
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11 pages, 4216 KiB  
Article
White Matter Hyperintensity in Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
by Mehdi Abouzari, Arash Abiri, Karen Tawk, Cynthia Tsang, Beenish Patel, Avissa Khoshsar and Hamid R. Djalilian
Diagnostics 2024, 14(11), 1109; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111109 - 27 May 2024
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Abstract
Objective: To compare white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and analyze subpopulations with age-matched controls. Methods: T2-weighted MRI scans of 150 patients with SSNHL were assessed for WMHs and compared with [...] Read more.
Objective: To compare white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and analyze subpopulations with age-matched controls. Methods: T2-weighted MRI scans of 150 patients with SSNHL were assessed for WMHs and compared with the data of 148 healthy age-matched adults. Assessments of WMHs included independent grading of deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMHs) and periventricular hyperintensities (PVHs). WMH severity was visually rated using the Fazekas and Mirsen scales by two independent observers. Results: Fazekas grades for PVHs (p < 0.001) and DWMHs (p < 0.001) of SSNHL patients were found to be significantly greater than those of healthy participants. The average Mirsen grades for DWMHs of healthy and SSNHL patients were evaluated to be 0.373 ± 0.550 and 2.140 ± 0.859, respectively. Mirsen grades for DWMHs of SSNHL patients were found to be significantly greater (p < 0.001) than those of healthy participants. The Mirsen scale was found to have higher sensitivity (p < 0.001) than the Fazekas scale in grading PVHs and DWMHs. No significant difference (p = 0.24) was found in specificities between the two scales. Conclusions: Patients with sudden hearing loss have a much higher likelihood of having periventricular and deep white matter hyperintensities compared to age-matched controls. These findings indicate that sudden hearing loss patients are more likely to have microvascular changes in the brain, which may indicate a vascular and/or migraine origin to sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hearing Loss: From Diagnosis to Pathology)
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11 pages, 1160 KiB  
Article
The Benefit of Air Conduction Pure-Tone Audiometry as a Screening Method for Hearing Loss over the VAS Score
by Aris I. Giotakis, Lambros Mariolis, Ioannis Koulentis, Christos Mpoutris, Evangelos I. Giotakis, Aikaterini Apostolopoulou and Efstathios Papaefstathiou
Diagnostics 2024, 14(1), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14010079 - 28 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1091
Abstract
Hearing loss is commonly encountered by general practitioners. We aimed to evaluate the screening benefit of air conduction pure-tone audiometry over visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for hearing loss. Moreover, we intended to perform the first cross-sectional study in Greece to assess hearing [...] Read more.
Hearing loss is commonly encountered by general practitioners. We aimed to evaluate the screening benefit of air conduction pure-tone audiometry over visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for hearing loss. Moreover, we intended to perform the first cross-sectional study in Greece to assess hearing loss with pure-tone audiometry in young adults of the general population. We evaluated Greeks between 15 and 40 years old in a high school in Karditsa, Greece, and a primary health care unit in a nearby community. Subjects filled out a VAS score sheet and underwent pure-tone audiometry in a room without sound isolation, with air conduction only. We named the latter procedure modified pure-tone audiometry (mPTA). Subjects with pathologic results were examined via otoscopy and standardized pure-tone audiometry (sPTA). Of the 286 subjects evaluated, the VAS score revealed 5 subjects (1.7%) with hearing loss. mPTA (100 s duration) doubled this percentage (in total 3.8%; Pearson Chi-Square test; p < 0.001). Based on sPTA, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of the VAS score were 40% and 13%, respectively. For mPTA, they were 100% and 37%, respectively. mPTA filtered out pathologic cases in a proper, rapid, cheap and simple way and may be considered a proper screening method for hearing loss in primary health care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hearing Loss: From Diagnosis to Pathology)
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