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Electronics
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Prospects for Integrating Electric Vehicles into Power Systems
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Prospects for Integrating Electric Vehicles into Power Systems

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 18768

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Vito Calderaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy
Interests: power systems; distribution systems; distributed generation; protection systems and voltage regulation; storage systems for power system application
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electric vehicles (EV) bring a sustainable future for the next generation of automobiles. Penetration of EV has increased drastically in the recent past; however, EV integration into power grids adds more challenges for power system engineers worldwide. The presence of nondispatchable and fluctuating energy sources requires smart management of the power system. The intent of the Special Issue is to collect innovative contributions on the integration of EVs in power systems considering the presence of renewable energy sources (RES), EV coordination with RES and power networks, hypothesis of EV charging/discharging strategies. It also aims to highlight the benefits that a charging station can create in the feeders.

The topic to be covered in this Special Issue are as follows:

  • Electric vehicles integration study methodologies and data requirements
  • Impact of electric vehicles on demand profiles
  • Power system balancing with high share of electric vehicles
  • Power quality issues related to electric vehicles
  • Protection aspects related to electric vehicles in distribution grids
  • Design concepts for ancillary services with electric vehicles
  • Evaluation of rules and mechanisms for integrating of electric vehicles
  • Role of electric vehicles in the electricity market
  • Charging infrastructure concepts
  • Innovative converters for V2G and G2V
  • Impact of electric vehicle charging infrastructure on distribution networks/power system
  • Innovative Smart Grid/IT solutions considering electric mobility
  • Modelling of electric vehicle/charging infrastructure for power system planning and interconnection studies

Dr. Vito Calderaro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electric vehicles
  • V2G
  • renewable energy sources
  • charging strategies

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3984 KiB  
Article
A Fuzzy Logic-Based Control Algorithm for the Recharge/V2G of a Nine-Phase Integrated On-Board Battery Charger
by Felice De Luca, Vito Calderaro and Vincenzo Galdi
Electronics 2020, 9(6), 946; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060946 - 7 Jun 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3497
Abstract
Energy demand associated with the ever-increasing penetration of electric vehicles on worldwide roads is set to rise exponentially in the coming years. The fact that more and more vehicles will be connected to the electricity network will offer greater advantages to the network [...] Read more.
Energy demand associated with the ever-increasing penetration of electric vehicles on worldwide roads is set to rise exponentially in the coming years. The fact that more and more vehicles will be connected to the electricity network will offer greater advantages to the network operators, as the presence of an on-board battery of discrete capacity will be able to support a whole series of ancillary services or smart energy management. To allow this, the vehicle must be equipped with a bidirectional full power charger, which will allow not only recharging but also the supply of energy to the network, playing an active role as a distributed energy resource. To manage recharge and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operations, the charger has to be more complex and has to require a fast and effective control structure. In this work, we present a control strategy for an integrated on-board battery charger with a nine-phase electric machine. The control scheme integrates a fuzzy logic controller within a voltage-oriented control strategy. The control has been implemented and simulated in Simulink. The results show how the voltage on the DC-bus is controlled to the reference value by the fuzzy controller and how the CC/CV charging mode of the battery is possible, using different charging/discharging current levels. This allows both three-phase fast charge and V2G operations with fast control response time, without causing relevant distortion grid-side (Total Harmonic Distortion is maintained around 3%), even in the presence of imbalances of the machine, and with very low ripple stress on the battery current/voltage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prospects for Integrating Electric Vehicles into Power Systems)
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20 pages, 2309 KiB  
Article
Battery Second-Life for Dedicated and Shared Energy Storage Systems Supporting EV Charging Stations
by Giuseppe Graber, Vito Calderaro, Vincenzo Galdi and Antonio Piccolo
Electronics 2020, 9(6), 939; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060939 - 4 Jun 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5421
Abstract
Power systems are facing increasing strain due to the worldwide diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs). The need for charging stations (CSs) for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in urban and private parking areas (PAs) is becoming a relevant issue. In this scenario, the use [...] Read more.
Power systems are facing increasing strain due to the worldwide diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs). The need for charging stations (CSs) for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in urban and private parking areas (PAs) is becoming a relevant issue. In this scenario, the use of energy storage systems (ESSs) could be an effective solution to reduce the peak power request by CSs in PAs to the grid. Moreover, II-Life battery modules are a potential approach for cutting costs and implementing sustainable solutions. We propose a method to size ESSs coupled to CSs by using II-Life battery modules. Our methodology is based on the estimation of the residual cycles and the decrease in the supplied power due to the battery aging for defining the number of EV battery packs required for an ESS use case. Then, economic evaluations are presented to compare II-Life with the equivalent I-Life storage system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prospects for Integrating Electric Vehicles into Power Systems)
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18 pages, 4920 KiB  
Article
Probabilistic Evaluation and Improvement Measures of Power Supply Capability Considering Massive EV Integration
by Weiqing Sun, Jie Zhang, Jingyuan Yang, Wei Liu and Wei Zhang
Electronics 2019, 8(10), 1158; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8101158 - 12 Oct 2019
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1794
Abstract
Massive electric vehicle (EV) integration has been an inevitable trend for future power distribution networks. However, the spatial-temporal randomness of EV charging behavior may cause insufficiency of power supply capability. This paper simulates the charging loads with massive EV integration, proposes a probabilistic [...] Read more.
Massive electric vehicle (EV) integration has been an inevitable trend for future power distribution networks. However, the spatial-temporal randomness of EV charging behavior may cause insufficiency of power supply capability. This paper simulates the charging loads with massive EV integration, proposes a probabilistic evaluation index to evaluate the probability of insufficient power supply capability, and gives improvement measures for power distribution networks without hardware upgrading. First, the spatial-temporal distribution of EV charging loads is simulated via Monte Carlo method, which particularly divides EVs into three categories, private cars, buses, and taxis. Then, aggregated with conventional loads, total supply capacity of a power distribution network can be calculated on different time periods. Second, for the uncertainty of EV charging loads both in time and space, a probabilistic evaluation index is addressed to evaluate the probability of power supply capability insufficiency. After that, several improvement measures of the charging strategy are given to relieve the insufficiency of power supply capability. Finally, taking the simplified distribution network of a typical power supply mode in China’s Fujian province as an example, three scenarios with different vehicle quantities and parameters are designed, and the effectiveness of the evaluation index and improvement measures proposed are identified. The results can provide evidences for constraining EV charging behaviors with massive integration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prospects for Integrating Electric Vehicles into Power Systems)
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14 pages, 7195 KiB  
Article
Regenerative Battery Charging Control Method for PMSM Drive without a DC/DC Converter
by Sung-Tae Ko, Soon-Sun Park and Jung-Hyo Lee
Electronics 2019, 8(10), 1126; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8101126 - 7 Oct 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 7549
Abstract
This paper illustrates regenerative battery charging control method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive without DC/DC converter. Conventional control methods for battery current and voltage control methods generally use a bidirectional DC/DC converter for regenerative control. The reason to use this [...] Read more.
This paper illustrates regenerative battery charging control method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive without DC/DC converter. Conventional control methods for battery current and voltage control methods generally use a bidirectional DC/DC converter for regenerative control. The reason to use this DC/DC converter is the DC-Link current ripple of the inverter of is affected by switching of the inverter and the motor speed. This problem causes to use a low pass filter (LPF) for sensing the DC-link current, however, it occurs deteriorating the control performance. In this paper, battery current and voltage control methods using only the motor drive are illustrated. To control the DC-link current, power control is performed using the look-up table (LUT) data that are extracted from the experiment. In addition, an applicable method for the variable DC-link voltage of the proposed regenerative control method is illustrated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prospects for Integrating Electric Vehicles into Power Systems)
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