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Electronics
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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Communication and Networking
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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Communication and Networking

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 15816

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jiankang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computing & Informatics, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UK
Interests: artificial intelligence algorithms; ad-hoc networks; aeronautical communications; wireless communications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Shuai Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: satellite communications; UAV communications; anti-interference communication; coordinated data link of aircraft
Prof. Dr. Jinming Wen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Interests: UAV communications; lattice reduction; sphere decoding; sparse and low-rank recovery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the development of embedded systems, low-power long-range radio devices, inexpensive airframes and the miniaturization of micro-electro-mechanical systems, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have also become affordable for civilian, commercial, as well as military applications. Explicitly, UAVs are being utilized in aerial crop surveys, search and rescue, border patrol missions, search and rescue missions, delivery of goods, natural disaster monitoring, aerial surveillance and reconnaissance. UAV communication and networking play an important role in enabling UAVs aided various applications, which is capable of providing wireless connectivity for devices without relying on infrastructure deployment. However, due to the highly mobility and energy-constrained, UAV communication and networking also introduces many new challenges. The emerging mmWave communications, massive machine-type communications, wireless power transfer and wireless energy harvesting as well as artificial intelligent algorithms shape new paradigm for UAV communication and networking. 

In this Special Issue, we are particularly interested in both key theoretical and practical design for UAV communication and networking as well as UAV assisted applications.

Dr. Jiankang Zhang
Prof. Dr. Shuai Wang
Prof. Dr. Jinming Wen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Channel measurement and channel modelling
  • Millimeter wave communications
  • Large-scale MIMO
  • Interference mitigation
  • 3D beamforming
  • Drone swarm communications
  • Physical layer security
  • Architecture design
  • Routing and scheduling
  • Wireless power transfer and energy harvesting
  • UAV-aided MMTC and/or URLLC
  • Joint optimization of trajectory and networking performance
  • Data-driven optimization
  • Artificial intelligent algorithms

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 781 KiB  
Article
Efficient Low-Complexity Turbo-Hadamard Code in UAV Anti-Jamming Communications
by Xinhu Dong, Minjue He, Xuanhe Yang and Xiaqing Miao
Electronics 2022, 11(7), 1088; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071088 - 30 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1608
Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems undergo a period of rapid development in both civil and military scenarios. A major challenge in the malicious jamming environment is to guarantee the reliability of UAV communications links. Frequency hopping (FH) is one of the most commonly [...] Read more.
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems undergo a period of rapid development in both civil and military scenarios. A major challenge in the malicious jamming environment is to guarantee the reliability of UAV communications links. Frequency hopping (FH) is one of the most commonly used means of combatting the influence brought about by jamming. In this paper, we integrate low-rate codes into an anti-jamming FH communications system, and propose an efficient and low-complexity turbo-Hadamard code scheme. Tail-biting is applied to design the component convolutional-Hadamard codes, and a corresponding decode algorithm is used for implementation in the UAV hardware platform. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the anti-jamming performance of this method is improved as compared with conventional concatenated codes. Finally, we compare the complexity and transmission efficiency of the proposed algorithm with the algorithms implemented on the field programmable gate array (FPGA) platform in detail. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Communication and Networking)
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14 pages, 697 KiB  
Article
Optimal 3D Placement of UAV-BS for Maximum Coverage Subject to User Priorities and Distributions
by Inseok Moon, Le The Dung and Taejoon Kim
Electronics 2022, 11(7), 1036; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071036 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2356
Abstract
The usage of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as a base station is in the spotlight to overcome the severe attenuation characteristics of short-wavelength radio in high-speed wireless networks. In this paper, we propose an optimal UAV deployment algorithm, considering the priority of ground [...] Read more.
The usage of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as a base station is in the spotlight to overcome the severe attenuation characteristics of short-wavelength radio in high-speed wireless networks. In this paper, we propose an optimal UAV deployment algorithm, considering the priority of ground nodes (GNs) in different wireless communication environments. Specifically, the optimal position of a UAV is determined so that as many high-priority GNs can be served rather than covering as many GNs as possible. The proposed optimization problem deals with two groups of GNs with different priorities and finds the optimal position of the UAV by solving the mixed-integer second-order cone problem (MISOCP). To verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimal UAV deployment algorithm, we conduct various evaluating scenarios with different urban environments and GN spatial distributions. We also compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with the conventional one. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves superior coverage efficiency, throughput, and delay performance compared to the conventional algorithm, even when the environment and the spatial distribution of GNs are changed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Communication and Networking)
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20 pages, 758 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Performance Analysis in UAV-Assisted Cellular Networks with Clustered Edge Users
by Yuanyuan Yao, Yunga Wu, Zhengyu Zhu, Xiaoqi Qin and Xinwei Yue
Electronics 2022, 11(5), 828; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11050828 - 7 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3617
Abstract
A UAV-assisted cellular network can provide ubiquitous links to everything and it is considered to be one of the key technologies for 6G wireless networks. In this paper, we consider an uplink wireless network with a macrobase station (MBS) and cellular users. However, [...] Read more.
A UAV-assisted cellular network can provide ubiquitous links to everything and it is considered to be one of the key technologies for 6G wireless networks. In this paper, we consider an uplink wireless network with a macrobase station (MBS) and cellular users. However, the coverage equality of edge users cannot be guaranteed in scenarios where data service is dense. Specifically, a novel topology of the UAV-assisted wireless network is considered. UAVs are deployed upon the cell edge to serve edge users with poor communication quality. To avoid larger interference caused by users and UAVs in the overlapping area, the locations of these UAVs are modeled as a homogeneous Poisson point process (HPPP) under the Poisson cluster distance constraint (PCDC). In addition, we assume that edge users cluster around each UAV and model their locations as Poisson cluster processes (PCPs). Initially, the Laplace transforms of intra-cluster interference, inter-cluster interference, and other interference are derived. Subsequently, coverage probability and area spectrum efficiency are derived for UAVs and MBS using tools from stochastic geometry. Moreover, the energy efficiency of the system is obtained. Simulation results are examined to validate the accuracy of theoretical analysis and provide insights into the effects of the system parameters as well as useful guidelines for practical system design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Communication and Networking)
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22 pages, 9287 KiB  
Article
Novel Framework-Based Routing for Task-Adaptive Mobile Networks of Unmanned Aerial Vehicular
by Zhe Chu, Zhijing Ye, Jiamiao Zhao, Linsheng He and Iftikhar Rasheed
Electronics 2022, 11(3), 425; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030425 - 30 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1794
Abstract
Many practical mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) have certain tasks instead of just randomly changing each node’s positions. We call such a mission-driven network task-adaptive MANET. A typical example is the flying ad hoc network (FANET) that consist of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), [...] Read more.
Many practical mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) have certain tasks instead of just randomly changing each node’s positions. We call such a mission-driven network task-adaptive MANET. A typical example is the flying ad hoc network (FANET) that consist of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which may change its network topology based on different task requirements. Each node moves to new locations based on the targeted network shape. To maintain a smooth topology transformation and minimize the position changes, during shape change, a MANET typically keeps the core-area nodes more stable and allows the nodes in the outer area of the network to move more drastically. This means the entire network has an approximate framework that reflects the relatively stable nodes located in the core area. This research proposes a new routing scheme to quickly identify the optimal end-to-end path using the network framework extraction result. The proposed routing scheme ensures that the packets flow along the more stable network regions (thus with a lower packet loss rate). The framework extraction scheme is based on network shape geometry analysis for the median axis recognition. Our work has contributions to three aspects of realistic network protocol applications: (1) Provides a network multi-center election and member control methodology with detailed protocol design. (2) Creates a stable and reliable MANET framework extraction algorithm which aids in routing table generation. (3) Real-time Unix system protocol implementation and emulation based on Common Open Research Emulator (CORE) + Extendable Mobile Ad-hoc Network Emulator (EMANE). Simulation results indicate that our framework-based routing scheme outperforms a popularly used mobility-adaptive MANET routing scheme—OLSR (optimized link state routing)—in terms of throughput and delay. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Communication and Networking)
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22 pages, 14414 KiB  
Article
Gyre Precoding and T-Transformation-Based GFDM System for UAV-Aided mMTC Network
by Joarder Jafor Sadique, Shaikh Enayet Ullah, Raad Raad, Md. Rabiul Islam, Md. Mahbubar Rahman, Abbas Z. Kouzani and M. A. Parvez Mahmud
Electronics 2021, 10(23), 2915; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10232915 - 25 Nov 2021
Viewed by 2099
Abstract
In this paper, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-aided multi-antenna configured downlink mmWave cooperative generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) system is proposed. To provide physical layer security (PLS), a 3D controlled Lorenz mapping system is introduced. Furthermore, the combination of T-transformation spreading codes, walsh [...] Read more.
In this paper, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-aided multi-antenna configured downlink mmWave cooperative generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) system is proposed. To provide physical layer security (PLS), a 3D controlled Lorenz mapping system is introduced. Furthermore, the combination of T-transformation spreading codes, walsh Hadamard transform, and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) techniques are integrated with a novel linear multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) gyre precoding (GP) for multi-user interference reduction. Furthermore, concatenated channel-coding with multi-user beamforming weighting-aided maximum-likelihood and zero forcing (ZF) signal detection schemes for an improved bit error rate (BER) are also used. The system is then simulated with a single base station (BS), eight massive machine-type communications (mMTC) users, and two UAV relay stations (RSs). Numerical results reveal the robustness of the proposed system in terms of PLS and an achievable ergodic rate with signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) under the implementation of T-transformation scheme. By incorporating the 3D mobility model, brownian perturbations of the UAVs are also analyzed. An out-of-band (OOB) reduction of 320 dB with an improved BER of 1×10−4 in 16-QAM for a signal-to-noise ratio, Eb/N0, of 20 dB is achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Communication and Networking)
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18 pages, 393 KiB  
Article
Optimization of UAV-Aided Millimeter-Wave IoT Systems
by Xingxuan Zuo, Lingfeng Shen, Gangtao Han and Xiaomin Mu
Electronics 2021, 10(21), 2618; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10212618 - 26 Oct 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1633
Abstract
Due to their maneuverability, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have grown into a promising enabler of the Internet of Things (IoTs). In addition to the benefits of the bandwidth and communication quality of millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems, a UAV-aided mmWave multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) communication [...] Read more.
Due to their maneuverability, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have grown into a promising enabler of the Internet of Things (IoTs). In addition to the benefits of the bandwidth and communication quality of millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems, a UAV-aided mmWave multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) communication system is investigated in this paper for the data collection of IoT systems, in which single-antenna IoT devices are divided into several clusters, and the UAV aided mmWave base station (UAV-BS) collects data from each cluster using the time division scheme. The joint optimization of the beam selection, UAV trajectory, user clustering, power allocation and transmission duration is studied in this paper to improve the data collection efficiency. The solution of the problem is then given in three steps. Firstly, the incremental K-means clustering and ant colony optimization algorithm are utilized to handle the UAV trajectory planning and user clustering problem. Secondly, an incremental beam selection scheme is employed to ensure that all the devices in each cluster can communicate with the UAV. Thirdly, an iterative algorithm is proposed by alternately optimizing the power allocation and transmission duration of the IoT devices. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution for the UAV-aided mmWave communication system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Communication and Networking)
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