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Recent Advances in Hydro-Mechanical Turbines: Powering the Future

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2024 | Viewed by 610

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: the flow mechanism and multiphase flow of hydraulic machinery; Pelton turbine; flow mechanism; flow interference; ocean energy fluid machinery

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Guest Editor
College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: internal flow theory of hydraulic machinery; hydraulic optimization design of hydraulic machinery; fluid–solid coupling and hydraulic excitation of key components of hydraulic machinery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The power sector is responsible for 40% of global carbon emissions, making it the single largest contributor to global warming. The low-carbon transformation process of the power industry is crucial to the realization of human society producing net zero carbon emissions in the future. Renewable energy in the form of wind and solar power will probably become the main sources of power in the future. In order to ensure the consumption of new energy with strong volatility, the importance of hydropower as the basic power supply in future power systems will increase, while the most promising energy storage facility-pumped storage projects will also effectively smooth out the fluctuations in renewable energy, ensuring the stability of the power grid. At present, huge Francis turbines with a 1000 MW unit capacity have been put into production in China's Baihetan hydropower station, a huge amount of pumped storage projects have been launched, projects demonstrating ternary pumped storage power stations are in preparation, and the exploitation of many ultra-high water head hydropower resources in the Himalayas still awaits. At present, the hydraulic machinery industry is booming. From land to sea, we are also discovering ocean energy as a kind of renewable energy with considerable potential. The research field of hydraulic machinery for efficient harvesting of ocean energy has gained subsequent attention.

In summary, the development of hydraulic machinery is critical to the energy revolution and the transformation of the power industry. As a basic power with strong regulation performance, the role of hydropower will also change from supplying clean power.

This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the most recent advances related to the theory, design, modeling, application, control, and condition monitoring of all types of Hydro-Mechanical Turbines.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Recent advances in hydro turbines such as Francis turbines/Pelton turbines/Kaplan turbines/Bulb Turbines;
  • Recent advances in reversible pump turbines and ternary pumped storage machines;
  •  Electric motor/generator technology for hydro turbine units;
  • Online and offline status monitoring technology for hydraulic machinery;
  • Optimization design method for hydraulic machinery;
  • Recent advances in modeling methods;
  • Multi-field coupling technology for hydraulic machinery equipment;
  • Recent advances in hydraulic machinery for ocean energy.

Dr. Yexiang Xiao
Prof. Dr. Ruofu Xiao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • giant Francis turbine
  • giant Pelton turbine
  • reversible pump turbine storage machines
  • ternary pumped storage machines
  • ocean energy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 8853 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Sediment Erosion in Pelton Nozzles and Needles Affected by Particle Size
by Jie Liu, Yilin Zhu, Quanwei Liang, Yexiang Xiao, Zhengshu Liu, Haijun Li, Jian Ye, Nianhao Yang, Haifeng Deng and Qingpin Du
Energies 2024, 17(7), 1635; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17071635 - 28 Mar 2024
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Abstract
The sediment erosion of Pelton turbine components is a major challenge in the operation and development of high-head water resources, especially in mountainous areas with high sediment yield. In this paper, a study using numerical simulation was conducted with different sediment particle sizes [...] Read more.
The sediment erosion of Pelton turbine components is a major challenge in the operation and development of high-head water resources, especially in mountainous areas with high sediment yield. In this paper, a study using numerical simulation was conducted with different sediment particle sizes in the fine sand range. And the erosion mechanism of the Pelton turbine injector was analyzed. The Eulerian Lagrange method was adopted to simulate the gas–liquid–solid flow. The Mansouri’s model was applied to estimate the injector erosion. The predicted erosion results were in accord with field erosion photographs. In particular, the asymmetrical erosion distribution on the needle surface was physically reproduced. With the sediment particle size increasing from 0.05 mm, the needle erosion rate decreased, while the nozzle casing erosion rate increased dramatically. In order to clarify this tendency, the characteristics of the three-phase flow were analyzed. Interestingly, the results show that with the rise in particle size, the separation of particles and water streamlines became more serious in the contraction section of the nozzle mouth. Consequently, it caused the enhancement of erosion of the nozzle surfaces and weakened the erosion of the needle surfaces. Significant engineering insights may be provided for weakening Pelton injector erosion with needle guides in the current study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Hydro-Mechanical Turbines: Powering the Future)
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