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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2018) | Viewed by 23538

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Prof. Dr. Pavol Bauer

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Guest Editor

DC systems, Energy conversion and Storage group, Department of Electrical Sustainable Energy, Delft University of Technology, 2600AA Delft, The Netherlands
Interests: power grids; electric vehicle charging; photovoltaic power systems; power convertors; battery powered vehicles; DC-DC power convertors; HVDC power convertors; distributed power generation; inductive power transmission; AC-DC power convertors; distribution networks; solar power stations; HVDC power transmission; load flow control; optimisation; power generation control; power system stability; pricing; secondary cells; voltage control; voltage-source convertors; arcs (electric) ; battery chargers; battery storage plants; building integrated photovoltaics
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Dr. Laura Ramírez Elizondo

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Guest Editor

Department of Electrical Sustainable Energy, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
Interests: microgrid
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

DC systems facilitate the integration of renewable energy (e.g., solar, wind), co-generation power sources, different loads and energy storage systems with improved power reliability and efficiency. DC distribution power systems with intelligent ICTs have great potential to create more flexibility in managing local demand and generation, as well as stimulating consumers to actively participate in the electricity market. The benefits of DC microgrids powered by renewable resources such as solar PV systems and storage can be especially interesting in those parts of the world that do not already have a power infrastructure.

Papers are solicited especially on the following topics regarding DC systems:

DC microgrids for transportation electrification
Powering residential, commercial, and industrial spaces
DC distribution grids and DC flexible links
Integration of distributed energy resources and storage systems
DC protection and safety
Reliability and resilience
Stability, performance analysis and optimization
Power control and routing
Energy exchange and ancillary services
DC-powered equipment and appliances
DC-powered PHEV/EV interconnections of EV with DC microgrids
Components and devices for DC systems

Prof. Dr. Pavol Bauer
Dr. Laura Ramirez Elizondo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

DC systems
DC microgrids
energy storage
DC protection

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5667 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Active Stabilization Control of Multi-Terminal AC/DC Hybrid System Based on Flexible Low-Voltage DC Power Distribution

by Wei Deng, Wei Pei and Luyang Li

Energies 2018, 11(3), 502; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11030502 - 27 Feb 2018

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3245

Abstract

Multi-terminal AC/DC interconnection will be an important form of future distribution networks. In a multi-terminal AC/DC system, if scheduled power for the AC/DC converter exceeds limits this may result in instability of the DC network. In order to overcome these limitations and avoid an unstable situation during coordinated control, this paper proposes a general active stabilization method for a low-voltage multi-terminal AC/DC hybrid system. First, the typical coordinated control modes for a hybrid system are analyzed. Second, a multi-level active stabilization controller, using the Lyapunov method, is introduced, and a feedback law allowing large signal stability is proposed. Finally, a system simulation model is further established, and the proposed active stabilization method is tested and verified. Study results show that only low stabilizing power with a slight influence on the DC network dynamic can improve the system’s stability and ensure stable system voltage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue DC Systems)

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5279 KiB

Open AccessArticle

DC Grids for Smart LED-Based Lighting: The EDISON Solution

by Steffen Thielemans, Dario Di Zenobio, Abdellah Touhafi, Philippe Lataire and Kris Steenhaut

Energies 2017, 10(10), 1454; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101454 - 21 Sep 2017

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5704

Abstract

This paper highlights the benefits and possible drawbacks of a DC-based lighting infrastructure for powering Light Emitting Diode (LED)-lamps. It also evaluates the efforts needed for integrating the so called smart lighting and other sensor/actuator based control systems, and compares existing and emerging solutions. It reviews and discusses published work in this field with special focus on the intelligent DC-based infrastructure named EDISON that is primarily dedicated to lighting, but is applicable to building automation in general. The EDISON “PowerLAN” consists of a DC-based infrastructure that offers telecommunication abilities and can be applied to lighting retrofitting scenarios for buildings. Its infrastructure allows simple and efficient powering of DC-oriented devices like LED lamps, sensors and microcontrollers, while offering a wired communication channel. This paper motivates the design choices for organizing DC lighting grids and their associated communication possibilities. It also shows how the EDISON based smart lighting solution is evolving today to include new communication technologies and to further integrate other parts of building management solutions through the OneM2M (Machine to Machine) service bus. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue DC Systems)

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1098 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Stability of DC Distribution Systems: An Algebraic Derivation

by Nils H. Van der Blij, Laura M. Ramirez-Elizondo, Matthijs T. J. Spaan and Pavol Bauer

Energies 2017, 10(9), 1412; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10091412 - 15 Sep 2017

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3346

Abstract

Instability caused by low inertia and constant power loads is a major challenge of DC distribution grids. Previous research uses oversimplified models or does not provide general rules for stability. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to analyze the stability of DC distribution systems is desired. This paper presents a method to algebraically analyze the stability of any DC distribution system through the eigenvalues of its state-space matrices. Furthermore, using this method, requirements are found for the stability of three example systems. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is performed, which considers the effect of several system parameters on the stability and disputes some overgeneralized conclusions of previous research. Moreover, various simulations are performed to illustrate the dynamic behavior of a stable and an unstable DC distribution system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue DC Systems)

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4541 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Novel Remaining Useful Life Prediction Approach for Superbuck Converter Circuits Based on Modified Grey Wolf Optimizer-Support Vector Regression

by Li Wang, Jiguang Yue, Yongqing Su, Feng Lu and Qiang Sun

Energies 2017, 10(4), 459; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10040459 - 02 Apr 2017

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4454

Abstract

The reliability of power packs is very important for the performance of electronic equipment and ensuring the reliability of power electronic circuits is especially vital for equipment security. An alteration in the converter component parameter can lead to the decline of the power supply quality. In order to effectively prevent failure and estimate the remaining useful life (RUL) of superbuck converters, a circuit failure prognostics framework is proposed in this paper. We employ the average value and ripple value of circuit output voltage as a feature set to calculate the Mahalanobis distance (MD) in order to reflect the health status of the circuit. Time varying MD sets form the circuit state time series. According to the working condition time series that have been obtained, we can predict the later situation with support vector regression (SVR). SVR has been improved by a modified grey wolf optimizer (MGWO) algorithm before estimating the RUL. This is the first attempt to apply the modified version of the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) to circuit prognostics and system health management (PHM). Subsequently, benchmark functions have been used to validate the performance of the MGWO. Finally, the simulation results of comparative experiments demonstrate that MGWO-SVR can predict the RUL of circuits with smaller error and higher prediction precision. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue DC Systems)

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4538 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Modeling and Analysis of a DC Electrical System and Controllers for Implementation of a Grid-Interactive Building

by Youngjin Kim

Energies 2017, 10(4), 427; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10040427 - 23 Mar 2017

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5733

Abstract

As the penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems on building rooftops increases, the accumulated effect of the rooftop PV power outputs on electric network operation is no longer negligible. Energy storage resources (ESRs) have been used to smooth PV power outputs, particularly when building load becomes low. In commercial buildings, the batteries of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) can be regarded as distributed ESRs. This paper proposes a DC electrical system in a commercial building that enables PEVs to compensate for rooftop PV power fluctuation and participate in tracking signals for grid frequency regulation (GFR). The proposed building system and associated controllers are modeled considering steady-state and dynamic operations of the PV system and PEV batteries. Simulation case studies are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed building system under various conditions, determined by such factors as the maximum voltage, minimum state-of-charge, and desired charging end-time of PEVs batteries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue DC Systems)

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