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Advances in Efficient Thermal Conversion of Carbon-Based Fuels
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Advances in Efficient Thermal Conversion of Carbon-Based Fuels

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 September 2024 | Viewed by 733

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaobin Qi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 North Fourth Ring Road West, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: circulating fluidized bed; pyrolysis; mild gasification; activated carbon; dense-phase pneumatic conveying; reverse combustion
Dr. Mingxin Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Interests: waste composites recovery; waste wind turbine blade recovery; pollutants control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since inception, humans have continuously obtained the energy and materials necessary for survival and development from carbon-based resources in nature, to then discharge the  carbon-containing waste back into nature. Although we have lived peacefully in this world composed of carbon elements for nearly a million years, we have never as alarmed about the potential threat posed by the imbalanced carbon cycle to human life under today’s severe environmental pressures. Faced with the adverse situation of the extensive use of carbon-based fuels, sufficient attention should be devoted to this issue in order to reverse the traditional extensive utilization of carbon-based fuels.

By establishing this Special Issue, we hope to explore the thermal conversion characteristics and advanced utilization technologies of various carbon-based fuels, as well as the pollutant emissions and prevention measures in the thermal conversion process, thus providing a reference for the clean, low-carbon, and efficient utilization of carbon-based fuels.

This Special Issue will focus on the recent advancements and developments regarding the thermal conversion and pollution control for various carbon-based fuels, including coal, biomass, solid waste, etc. Related research regarding technical economic evaluation and policy analysis are also welcomed.

Dr. Xiaobin Qi
Dr. Mingxin Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomass
  • coal
  • solid waste
  • combustion
  • gasification
  • pyrolysis
  • pollution control

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 7673 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study on the Thermal Reduction of CO2 by Activated Solid Carbon-Based Fuels
by Siyuan Zhang, Chen Liang, Zhiping Zhu and Ruifang Cui
Energies 2024, 17(9), 2164; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17092164 - 1 May 2024
Viewed by 269
Abstract
For achieving CO2 thermal reduction, a technology combining solid carbon activation and high-temperature CO2 reduction was proposed, named as activated-reduction technology. In this study, this technology is realized by using a circulating fluidized bed and downdraft reactor. Reduced agent parameters (O [...] Read more.
For achieving CO2 thermal reduction, a technology combining solid carbon activation and high-temperature CO2 reduction was proposed, named as activated-reduction technology. In this study, this technology is realized by using a circulating fluidized bed and downdraft reactor. Reduced agent parameters (O2/C and CO2 concentration) greatly affect the reduction effect of CO2. In addition, the effect of the activation process on different carbon-based materials can help to broaden the range of carbon-based materials used for CO2 reduction, which is also an important issue. The following three points have been studied through experiments: (1) the influence of the characteristics of the reduced agent (CO2 concentration and O2/C) on CO2 reduction; (2) the performance of different chars in CO2 reduction; and (3) the activation effect of solid carbon. The activation process can develop the pore structure of coal gasification char and transform it into activated char with higher reactivity. The CO concentration in the tail gas is a crucial factor limiting the effectiveness of CO2 reduction, with an experimentally determined upper limit of around 55% at 1200 °C. If CO concentration is far from the upper limit, temperature becomes the significant influencing factor. When the reduced agent O2/C is 0.18, the highest net CO2 reduction of 0.021 Nm3/kg is achieved at 60% CO2 concentration. When the reduced agent CO2 concentration is 50%, the highest net CO2 reduction of 0.065 Nm3/kg is achieved at 0.22 O2/C. Compared with CPGC, YHGC has higher reactivity and is more suitable for CO2 reduction. The activation process helps to reduce the differences between raw materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Efficient Thermal Conversion of Carbon-Based Fuels)
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15 pages, 3718 KiB  
Article
Performance Characteristics and Optimization of a Single-Stage Direct Air Capture Membrane System in Terms of Process Energy Intensity
by Kamil Niesporek, Janusz Kotowicz, Oliwia Baszczeńska and Izabella Maj
Energies 2024, 17(9), 2046; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17092046 - 25 Apr 2024
Viewed by 294
Abstract
The increase in emissions and concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere necessitates the implementation of direct carbon dioxide capture technologies. The article presents the characteristics of a single-stage membrane unit for the direct capture of carbon dioxide from the air. A membrane [...] Read more.
The increase in emissions and concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere necessitates the implementation of direct carbon dioxide capture technologies. The article presents the characteristics of a single-stage membrane unit for the direct capture of carbon dioxide from the air. A membrane with a selectivity of αCO2/N2=70 and permeability PCO2=108m3(STP)(m2·h·bar) is chosen as the reference variant. It is demonstrated that increasing the pressure difference in the system by reducing the pressure of the permeate stream results in an improvement of all analyzed parameters. Manipulating both the membrane surface and its CO2 permeability yields similar results. With an increase in permeability or membrane surface area, the proportion of CO2 in the retentate and permeate decreases, while the degree of carbon dioxide recovery increases. However, the energy intensity of the process is a complex issue due to the presence of a local minimum in the obtained characteristics. Therefore, a relationship between the constants of energy intensity values for the separation process on the surface area field and CO2 membrane permeability is presented. The minimum energy intensity of the process obtained is 22.5 kWh/kgCO2. The CO2 content in the retentate for all analyses did not exceed 280 ppm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Efficient Thermal Conversion of Carbon-Based Fuels)
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