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Advanced Engineering and Green Energy
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Advanced Engineering and Green Energy

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A: Sustainable Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 8347

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ivaylo Stoyanov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Power Engineering, University of Ruse, 7004 Ruse, Bulgaria
Interests: renewable energy sources; electromagnetic compatibility; electrotechnical safety; smart grid; electric power transmission
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Teodor B Iliev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Telecommunications, University of Ruse, 7017 Ruse, Bulgaria
Interests: digital communications; communication theory; signal processing; channel modeling; artificial intelligence; wireless communications; mobile networks; GNSS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Bogdan Popa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Hydraulics, Hydraulic Machines and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: hydropower engineering; water resources management; small hydropower plants; optimization of the operation of hydropower plants

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Applications of green energy and sustainable development have been receiving increasing attention, especially in the field of renewable energy sources are in continuous dynamics, significantly improving their efficiency in recent years, as well as their cost. There are trends for reduced energy consumption, improvement of energy security, and accelerated transition to the so-called green energy and green economy. Smart energy technologies are endowing the tendency to throw open the capabilities of new technologies and engineering solutions to increase the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix, improve energy efficiency, and better management of energy flows at all levels—energy production and transmission, consumption by households, industry, transport, etc.

This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the most recent advances related to the theory, investigation, simulation, practice, and assessment of renewable energy sources and green technologies concerning energy efficiency consumption, utilization, and thermal comfort issues, and their implementation in smart cities, electric vehicle, and energy forecasting strategies for the sustainable engineering and technologies.

Topics of interest for publication include—but are not limited to—the following:

  • Environmental process simulation;
  • Environmental remote sensing applications;
  • GIS for environmental assessment;
  • Air pollution and treatment;
  • Biomass and biofuels/biofuels cells;
  • Hydropower;
  • Solar energy;
  • Wind energy;
  • Hybrid energy systems;
  • Photovoltaic technology;
  • Hydrogen energy and fuel cell technology;
  • Renewable energy sources;
  • Bioenergy and biotechnology;
  • Sustainable development;
  • Power and energy engineering;
  • Energy from waste;
  • Green energy and economy;
  • Nano environmental technologies;
  • Energy storage and conservation;
  • Environmental impact assessment;
  • Geothermal energy;
  • Non-renewable resource;
  • Sustainable engineering and energy engineering technologies;
  • Pollution control technologies;
  • Sustainable agriculture and transport;
  • Solid and waste management;
  • Distributed power generation;
  • Thermodynamics;
  • Green energy environment;
  • Smart grid technology and microgrid;
  • Smart cities and smart homes;
  • Electric vehicle;
  • Energy forecasting strategies.

Dr. Ivaylo Stoyanov
Dr. Teodor Iliev
Dr. Bogdan Popa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green energy
  • renewable energy
  • energy engineering technologies
  • distributed power generation
  • thermodynamics
  • forecasting strategies

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3673 KiB  
Article
Prospects of Hydrogen Application as a Fuel for Large-Scale Compressed-Air Energy Storages
by Iliya K. Iliev, Alexander V. Fedyukhin, Daniil V. Semin, Yulia S. Valeeva, Stanislav A. Dronov and Ivan H. Beloev
Energies 2024, 17(2), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17020518 - 20 Jan 2024
Viewed by 920
Abstract
A promising method of energy storage is the combination of hydrogen and compressed-air energy storage (CAES) systems. CAES systems are divided into diabatic, adiabatic, and isothermal cycles. In the diabatic cycle, thermal energy after air compression is discharged into the environment, and the [...] Read more.
A promising method of energy storage is the combination of hydrogen and compressed-air energy storage (CAES) systems. CAES systems are divided into diabatic, adiabatic, and isothermal cycles. In the diabatic cycle, thermal energy after air compression is discharged into the environment, and the scheme implies the use of organic fuel. Taking into account the prospects of the decarbonization of the energy industry, it is advisable to replace natural gas in the diabatic CAES scheme with hydrogen obtained by electrolysis using power-to-gas technology. In this article, the SENECA-1A project is considered as a high-power hybrid unit, using hydrogen instead of natural gas. The results show that while keeping the 214 MW turbines powered, the transition to hydrogen reduces carbon dioxide emissions from 8.8 to 0.0 kg/s, while the formation of water vapor will increase from 17.6 to 27.4 kg/s. It is shown that the adiabatic CAES SENECA-1A mode, compared to the diabatic, has 0.0 carbon dioxide and water vapor emission with relatively higher efficiency (71.5 vs. 62.1%). At the same time, the main advantage of the diabatic CAES is the possibility to produce more power in the turbine block (214 vs. 131.6 MW), having fewer capital costs. Thus, choosing the technology is a subject of complex technical, economic, and ecological study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engineering and Green Energy)
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23 pages, 9108 KiB  
Article
High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources and Power Market Formation for Countries in Energy Transition: Assessment via Price Analysis and Energy Forecasting
by Dimitrina Koeva, Ralena Kutkarska and Vladimir Zinoviev
Energies 2023, 16(23), 7788; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237788 - 27 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1146
Abstract
Climate change as a challenge we all are facing, varying degree of economic development as a result of COVID-19, the volatility in energy prices and political as well as other factors, most countries have restructured their electricity markets in order to facilitate the [...] Read more.
Climate change as a challenge we all are facing, varying degree of economic development as a result of COVID-19, the volatility in energy prices and political as well as other factors, most countries have restructured their electricity markets in order to facilitate the use of green renewable energy. The right energy mix in a period of energy transformation is the best strategy for achieving reduction of carbon emissions. Bulgaria is a special case because it has expanded the use of solar and wind energy exponentially, without conducting an adequate preliminary forecast analysis and formulating a parallel strategy for the development and expansion of the energy storage infrastructure. In this regard, the article is focused on how the power energy market is structured with the increasingly large-scale and global penetration of renewable energy sources as primary energy sources, observing several key factors influencing the energy transition. Due to the cyclical nature of energy production and the necessity for a smooth and efficient transition, a long-term seasonal storage plan should be considered. Furthermore, solar energy production facilities have a greater share of installed power, but wind power facilities generate a roughly equivalent amount of electric energy over the course of a year. One of the aims of this research is to discover an appropriate model for predicting the electricity output of wind and solar facilities located in Bulgaria that can be used to ease the transition process. Based on thorough data analysis of energy production over the past 11 years and 5 months, our findings suggest that a SARIMA model might be appropriate, as it takes into account the seasonal cycles in the production process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engineering and Green Energy)
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20 pages, 3867 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation of Processes in an Electrochemical Cell Using COMSOL Multiphysics
by Iliya K. Iliev, Azamat R. Gizzatullin, Antonina A. Filimonova, Natalia D. Chichirova and Ivan H. Beloev
Energies 2023, 16(21), 7265; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16217265 - 26 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1699
Abstract
Fuel cells are a promising source of clean energy. To find optimal parameters for their operation, modeling is necessary, which is quite difficult to implement taking into account all the significant effects occurring in them. We aim to develop a previously unrealized model [...] Read more.
Fuel cells are a promising source of clean energy. To find optimal parameters for their operation, modeling is necessary, which is quite difficult to implement taking into account all the significant effects occurring in them. We aim to develop a previously unrealized model in COMSOL Multiphysics that, on one hand, will consider the influence of electrochemical heating and non-isothermal fluid flow on the temperature field and reaction rates, and on the other hand, will demonstrate the operating mode of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) on carbonaceous fuel. This model incorporates a range of physical phenomena, including electron and ion transport, gas species diffusion, electrochemical reactions, and heat transfer, to simulate the performance of the SOFC. The findings provide a detailed view of reactant concentration, temperature, and current distribution, enabling the calculation of power output. The developed model was compared with a 1-kW industrial prototype operating on hydrogen and showed good agreement in the volt-ampere characteristic with a deviation not exceeding 5% for the majority of the operating range. The fuel cell exhibits enhanced performance on hydrogen, generating 1340 W/m2 with a current density of 0.25 A/cm2. When fueled by methane, it produces 1200 W/m2 at the same current density. Using synthesis gas, it reaches its peak power of 1340 W/m2 at a current density of 0.3 A/cm2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engineering and Green Energy)
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18 pages, 3573 KiB  
Article
Optimal Configuration of Power-to-Heat Equipment Considering Peak-Shaving Ancillary Service Market
by Yanjuan Yu, Guohua Zhou, Kena Wu, Cheng Chen and Qiang Bian
Energies 2023, 16(19), 6860; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16196860 - 28 Sep 2023
Viewed by 682
Abstract
The serious problem of wind power curtailment in northern China has created a pressing need to enhance the peak-shaving ability of the power system. As the main source of power supply in northern China, combined heat and power (CHP) units have significant potential [...] Read more.
The serious problem of wind power curtailment in northern China has created a pressing need to enhance the peak-shaving ability of the power system. As the main source of power supply in northern China, combined heat and power (CHP) units have significant potential for peak-shaving. Currently, the Chinese government encourages CHP plants to increase their peak-shaving capacity by installing power-to-heat (P2H) equipment. In addition, the government has implemented auxiliary service market policies to encourage CHP plants to provide peak-shaving services. In order to maximize economic benefits for CHP plants, this paper proposes an optimal configuration method of P2H equipment with the static payback time (SPT) as the objective function. Cost and income models of installing the P2H equipment are constructed by taking into account the auxiliary service market policies. The peak-shaving income model of the CHP plant is derived emphatically as a key part of the proposed method. Finally, the district heating region in Jilin province is used as a case study example. The results show that adding the P2H equipment is significantly effective in improving the peak-shaving ability of CHP units, and investing in heat pumps is more cost-effective than electric boilers. The proposed method can be applied to other northern regions relying on CHP units for central heating, providing a valuable solution to the problem of wind power curtailment in these regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engineering and Green Energy)
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20 pages, 8286 KiB  
Article
Development of a Control Unit for the Angle of Attack of a Vertically Axial Wind Turbine
by Alina Fazylova, Baurzhan Tultayev, Teodor Iliev, Ivaylo Stoyanov and Ivan Beloev
Energies 2023, 16(13), 5202; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16135202 - 06 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 883
Abstract
This article presents the possibility of increasing the efficiency of a vertical-axis wind generator through the introduction of an automatic control system for the angle of attack of the blades. The calculation of the optimal position of the wind turbine blades for the [...] Read more.
This article presents the possibility of increasing the efficiency of a vertical-axis wind generator through the introduction of an automatic control system for the angle of attack of the blades. The calculation of the optimal position of the wind turbine blades for the maximum generation of electrical energy is given, and a developed scheme for controlling the blades using the sensors of the angular speed of rotation of the wind wheel by the anemometer and the current position of the blades is presented. The automatic control system implies the use of a PD controller. A comparison is made of two laboratory experimental models of vertical-axis wind turbines with and without the developed control system. This article focuses on optimizing the angle of attack and developing an automatic control system for vertical-axis wind turbines to increase their efficiency in generating electrical energy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engineering and Green Energy)
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Review

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26 pages, 2843 KiB  
Review
Energy Efficiency of Induction Motor Drives: State of the Art, Analysis and Recommendations
by Plamena Dinolova, Vyara Ruseva and Ognyan Dinolov
Energies 2023, 16(20), 7136; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16207136 - 18 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1564
Abstract
Despite activities to introduce low-carbon energy sources worldwide, the share of conventional facilities burning organic fuels remains high. One approach to address this problem is to look for solutions to reduce energy consumption. There are various research projects in the area of energy [...] Read more.
Despite activities to introduce low-carbon energy sources worldwide, the share of conventional facilities burning organic fuels remains high. One approach to address this problem is to look for solutions to reduce energy consumption. There are various research projects in the area of energy efficiency that lead to diverse results—such as models, methodologies, new data and theories. On the other hand, induction motor drives are becoming a major consumer of electric power because of their wide range of applications. In this paper, after careful selection and systematization of 151 literature sources, an extensive study and criteria analysis of the existing state of affairs in the area of energy efficiency improvement of induction motor drives has been carried out. Five major and 48 minor research areas in this field have been identified. The results show that issues related to the adaptation of scientific results and the conditions for their effective and wide-ranging application in practice have not been discussed and investigated so far. Adaptation should take into account the possibilities of data acquisition, including data from measurements; the competences of energy managers; and the type of information provided to them. Based on the seven conclusions formulated below, summary recommendations are made to direct future research towards the justification of models for increasing the power efficiency of induction drives, adapted for use by energy managers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engineering and Green Energy)
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