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Key Technologies and Challenges for Power Electronics System

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F3: Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 18 July 2024 | Viewed by 8912

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Lucas Encarnação

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Guest Editor

Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
Interests: multilevel converters; modulation strategies; model predictive control; inertial control for static converters; planning and operation of distribution networks; distributed generation and smart grid technologies; power quality; active filters; static synchronous compensator

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Power electronics is present in our daily life, from low-power applications, such as smartphones and electric vehicles, to high-power applications, such as high-voltage direct current. Power Electronics is also used in: generation systems, such as wind and solar renewable energy sources; distribution systems, such as solid state transformer; and transmission systems, such as flexible AC transmission systems. Therefore, it is no surprise that up to 70% of electrical energy is now processed by Power Electronics, and this number will increase in the future. Thus, many researchers are currently working to increase Power Electronics’ efficiency, reliability and applicability to meet new electrical grid codes, with optimal steady-state and transient systems operation being important players in the transition to a carbon-free energy system. This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the most recent advances related to Power Electronics systems, such as new semiconductor technologies, converter design and topologies, real-time digital modelling and simulation, advanced control, and novel applications. Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

Wide bandgap semiconductors;
Novel converter designs/topologies;
Real-time digital simulation;
Power Electronics in industrial processes;
Power Electronics in transportation;
Advanced controls applied to Power Electronics;
Renewable energy sources based on Power Electronics;
Power Electronics applied in generation, distributions and transmission systems;
Novel Applications with Power Electronics.

Prof. Dr. Lucas Encarnação
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

SiC/GaN
multilevel converters
hardware-in-the-loop
model predictive control
graph theory
thermal control
smart grids
power quality
virtual synchronous generator
electric vehicles
electric drive
solar energy system
wind energy system
solid state transformers
active filters
static synchronous compensator
high voltage direct current
flexible AC transmission systems

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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29 pages, 11816 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Automation of Low-Voltage Distribution Grids Using SDNS in South Africa

by Noah Sindile Fakude and Kingsley Ogudo

Energies 2023, 16(14), 5450; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16145450 - 18 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1040

Abstract

A distribution grid is the dispatching part of the power grid where electricity is finally utilized by the end users. In the electricity industry, automation habitually means the smart grid. The SG is a broad topic with different elements working towards grid optimization. One best way of optimizing a power grid is to balance the electricity supply and usage. This paper proposes an automated approach and presents a coordinative concept to develop a real-time interfacing network for demand-side management mitigations. The SDNS network concept uses a master–slave metering hierarchy to coordinate the devices between the utility and the end users by regulating the electrons’ movement from the utility to the consumer’s side. This concept was tested on MATLAB and a prototype. The results proved the efficiency of this design in demand-side management. The SDNS is an innovative tech, and it also plays a vital role in making consumers role players in easing the grid. The results proved that load management could replace load shedding by correctly implementing the SDNS concept. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Technologies and Challenges for Power Electronics System)

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15 pages, 3407 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of Energy Efficiency Using an Energy Monitoring System: A Case Study of a Major Energy-Consuming Enterprise in Vietnam

by Minh Nguyen Dat, Kien Duong Trung, Phap Vu Minh, Chau Dinh Van, Quynh T. Tran and Trung Nguyen Ngoc

Energies 2023, 16(13), 5214; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16135214 - 6 Jul 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2162

Abstract

Vietnam’s economy has been growing rapidly in the last 20 years, leading to significant increases in energy consumption as well as in carbon emissions. Most electricity is consumed by loads of industry and construction due to the country’s socio-economic development strategy. An energy saving strategy cannot be achieved if the industry factories lack energy consumption data. The installation of energy monitoring systems can help to improve energy efficiency by supplying daily, monthly, and yearly energy consumption reports. Moreover, major energy-consuming enterprises in Vietnam must implement solutions for energy-efficient use as prescribed in the Law on Energy Efficient Use. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of an energy monitoring system as an improvement solution for energy efficiency in a typical major energy-consuming enterprise in Vietnam. The study’s results, after six months, show that the total saved electricity after installing the power monitoring system was 191,923 kWh. The company saved approximately 19.584 USD and reduced emission to the environment by 139 tons of CO₂. In addition, the return on investment time of power monitoring systems is about 14 months, while the annual energy costs of the factory can be reduced by about 9.62% per year. Therefore, power monitoring systems should be promoted in factories with different scales to control energy wastage in the domestic industry field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Technologies and Challenges for Power Electronics System)

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21 pages, 3320 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dual-Extended State Observer-Based Feedback Linearizing Control for a Nonlinear System with Mismatched Disturbances and Uncertainties

by Ravi Gandhi, Dipak Adhyaru, Gulshan Sharma and Pitshou N. Bokoro

Energies 2023, 16(7), 3142; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16073142 - 30 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1324

Abstract

This research article presents the nonlinear control framework to estimate and reject the mismatched lumped disturbances acting on the nonlinear uncertain system. It is an unfortunate fact that the conventional extended state observer (ESO) is not capable of simultaneously estimating the mismatched lumped disturbance and its derivative for the systems. Moreover, the basic ESO is only suitable for systems with integral chain form (ICF) structures. Similarly, the conventional feedback linearizing control (FLC) approach is not robust enough to stabilize systems in the presence of disturbances and uncertainties. Hence, the nonlinear control framework is proposed to overcome the above issues, which are composed of (a) a dual-extended state observer (DESO), and (b) a DESO-based FLC. The DESO provides information on the unmeasured state, mismatched disturbance, and its derivatives. The DESO-FLC utilizes the information from the DESO to counter the effects of such disturbances and to stabilize the nonlinear systems around the reference point. The detailed closed-loop analysis is presented for the proposed control framework in the presence of lumped disturbances. The performance robustness of the presented design was validated for the third-order, nonlinear, unstable, and disturbed magnetic levitation system (MLS). The results of the DESO-FLC approach are compared with the most popular linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and nonlinear FLC approaches based on the integral error criterion and the average electrical energy consumption. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Technologies and Challenges for Power Electronics System)

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24 pages, 8738 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Adaptive Model Predictive Control for DAB Converter Switching Losses Reduction

by Adriano Nardoto, Arthur Amorim, Nelson Santana, Emilio Bueno, Lucas Encarnação and Walbermark Santos

Energies 2022, 15(18), 6628; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15186628 - 10 Sep 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1891

Abstract

The solid-state transformer is the enabling technology for the future of electric power systems. The increasing relevance of this equipment demands higher standards for efficiency and losses reduction. The dual active bridge (DAB) topology is the most usual DC-DC converter used in the solid-state transformer, and is responsible for part of its switching losses. The traditional phase-shift modulation used on DAB converters presents significant switching losses during the operation with reduced loads. The alternative Triangular and Trapezoidal Modulations have been proposed in recent literature; however, there are limitations on the maximum power these techniques can deal with. This paper presents an adaptive model predictive control to select among these three techniques, according to the converter model, the one that minimizes the switching losses and allows the current demanded by the load. Moreover, an alternative cost function is proposed, including the output voltage and current. Through real-time simulation, using a 1000 V/600 V 12 kW DAB converter, it is shown that the proposed control is able to reduce the losses on the converter. Furthermore, the proposed control presents fast and accurate response, and precise transition between the modulation techniques. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Technologies and Challenges for Power Electronics System)

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Review

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40 pages, 2677 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Critical Review of Optimization Strategies for Simultaneous Integration of Distributed Generation and Capacitor Banks in Power Distribution Networks

by Zohaib Hussain Leghari, Mahesh Kumar, Pervez Hameed Shaikh, Laveet Kumar and Quynh T. Tran

Energies 2022, 15(21), 8258; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15218258 - 4 Nov 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1869

Abstract

This paper reviews the optimization strategies for the optimal simultaneous allocation of distributed generation (DG) and shunts capacitor banks (SCBs) in electrical distribution networks. These optimization strategies aim to determine the optimal size, location, and combination of DGs and SCBs to constitute a techno-economic system while satisfying the constraints and energy demand of the load. The optimization strategies explicitly reviewed include the problem formulations, optimization techniques, restrictions posed for optimization problems, decision variables, and network operating modes typically assumed while allocating the DGs and SCBs. In addition, there is an attempt to highlight the limitations of the existing literature and future research directions. This study undertakes a comprehensive review of the literature that systematically considers the simultaneous application of DGs and SCBs to advance the existing literature, which lacks such a review. Expectedly, this review will serve as a principle platform for researchers intending to explore the subject area for further improvement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Technologies and Challenges for Power Electronics System)

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