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High-Temperature Power Units for Electricity and Heat Production: Current Status, Applications, and Trends

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "I1: Fuel".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 5995

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vladimir Kindra

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Guest Editor

Department of Innovative Technologies of High-Tech Industries, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, Russia
Interests: power generation technologies; oxy-fuel combustion power cycles; gas turbine cooling; heat transfer enhancement; hydrogen energy
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Dr. Anisimova Iuliia Alekseevna

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Guest Editor

Department of Finance and Credit, Togliatti State University, Belorusskaya Ulitsa, 14, Tolyatti, 445020 Samara Oblast, Russia
Interests: energy market; economic development; macroeconomics
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Dr. Rogalev Andrey

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Guest Editor

Department of Innovative Technologies of High-Tech Industries, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, Russia
Interests: power generation technologies; carbon capture and storage; structural and parametric optimization; energy efficiency; emission reduction
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Dr. Komarov Ivan

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Guest Editor

Department of Innovative Technologies of High-Tech Industries, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, Russia
Interests: oxy-fuel combustion power cycles; combined cycle power plants; gas turbine units; ultrasupercritical steam power plants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Guest Editor is inviting submissions to the Special Issues of the journals Energies on the high-temperature power units for electricity production. The world's energy consumption has been rising over the past 50 years due to population growth and the increasing industrialization of developing countries. The emerging trend has predetermined several serious environmental consequences, among which is global warming.

Environmental and energy safety can be improved by the implementation of effective high-temperature power units with low carbon dioxide emissions, including combined cycle power plants with carbon capture and storage fueled by natural gas, hydrogen, synthetic gas, oxy-fuel combustion power cycles, and ultrasupercritical steam turbine power units. However, on the way to their creation, it is necessary to define the optimal parameters and structure for thermal schemes and provide reasonable scientific solutions for power generation equipment.

This Special Issue will deal with the thermodynamic optimization and equipment development for high-temperature power units for electricity and heat production.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

Thermodynamic optimization of high-temperature power plants;
Development of oxy-fuel combustion power cycles;
Investigation of power plants with carbon capture and storage;
Low-potential heat utilization for power plants;
Power plants burning hydrogen and methane–hydrogen mixtures;
Power plants with coal gasification and methane reforming;
Cogeneration technologies;
Energy equipment development.

Dr. Vladimir Kindra
Dr. Anisimova Iuliia Alekseevna
Dr. Rogalev Andrey
Dr. Komarov Ivan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

oxy-fuel combustion
combined cycle
gas turbine
ultrasupercritical steam
carbon dioxide
carbon capture and storage
structural and parametric optimization
energy efficiency
emission reduction

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 5758 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Thermodynamic Optimization of Low-Temperature Cycles for the Power Industry

by Vladimir Kindra, Nikolay Rogalev, Andrey Rogalev, Vladimir Naumov and Ekaterina Sabanova

Energies 2022, 15(9), 2979; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15092979 - 19 Apr 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1832

Abstract

The fuel price increase and severe environmental regulations determine energy-saving importance. Useful utilization of low-potential heat sources with 300–400 °С temperature becomes topical. The application of low-temperature power production facilities operating low-boiling heat carriers could be a solution to this problem. A comparative parametric study of a number of heat carriers resulted in a choice of the most promising fluids that are not expensive, have low toxicity and flammability, low ozone depletion and low global warming potential. These heat carriers are considered for application in simple power production cycles with and without regeneration. The main parameters were optimized at the initial temperatures of 323.15–623.15 K. The cycle without regeneration has a maximal net efficiency of 29.34% using the water at an initial temperature of 623.15 K. The regenerative cycle at a temperature below 490 K has its maximal efficiency using a water heat carrier, and at a higher temperature above 490 K with R236ea. The cycle with R236ea at 623.15 K has an electrical net efficiency of 33.30%. Using a water heat carrier, the maximal efficiency can be reached at pressures below 5 MPa for both cycles. Among the organic heat carriers, the minimal optimal initial pressure of a simple cycle is reached with the R236ea heat carrier below 45 MPa without regeneration and below 15 MPa with regeneration. Therefore when utilizing the latent heat with temperatures above 500 K R134a, R236ea and R124 are the most promising organic fluids. Such conditions could be obtained using different industrial sources with water condensation at elevated pressures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Temperature Power Units for Electricity and Heat Production: Current Status, Applications, and Trends)

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15 pages, 2437 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Analysis of Low-Grade Heat Utilization Methods for Thermal Power Plants with Back-Pressure Steam Turbines

by Nikolay Rogalev, Vladimir Kindra, Ivan Komarov, Sergey Osipov, Olga Zlyvko and Dmitrii Lvov

Energies 2021, 14(24), 8519; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248519 - 17 Dec 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2006

Abstract

Thermal power plants (TPPs) with back-pressure steam turbines (BPSTs) were widely used for electricity and steam production in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) due to their high efficiency. The collapse of the USSR in 1991 led to a decrease in industrial production, as a result of which, steam production in Russia was reduced and BPSTs were left without load. To resume the operation of TPPs with BPSTs, it is necessary to modernize the existing power units. This paper presents the results of the thermodynamic analysis of different methods of modernization of TPPs with BPSTs: the superstructure of the steam low-pressure turbine (LPT) and the superstructure of the power unit operating on low-boiling-point fluid. The influence of ambient temperature on the developed cycles’ efficiency was evaluated. It was found that the usage of low-boiling-point fluid is thermodynamically efficient for an ambient temperature lower than 7 °C. Moreover, recommendations for the choice of reconstruction method were formulated based on technical assessments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Temperature Power Units for Electricity and Heat Production: Current Status, Applications, and Trends)

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Review

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37 pages, 13585 KiB

Open AccessReview

Review of Closed SCO₂ and Semi-Closed Oxy–Fuel Combustion Power Cycles for Multi-Scale Power Generation in Terms of Energy, Ecology and Economic Efficiency

by Nikolay Rogalev, Andrey Rogalev, Vladimir Kindra, Olga Zlyvko and Pavel Bryzgunov

Energies 2022, 15(23), 9226; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15239226 - 5 Dec 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1619

Abstract

Today, with the increases in organic fuel prices and growing legislative restrictions aimed at increasing environmental safety and reducing our carbon footprint, the task of increasing thermal power plant efficiency is becoming more and more topical. Transforming combusting fuel thermal energy into electric power more efficiently will allow the reduction of the fuel cost fraction in the cost structure and decrease harmful emissions, especially greenhouse gases, as less fuel will be consumed. There are traditional ways of improving thermal power plant energy efficiency: increasing turbine inlet temperature and utilizing exhaust heat. An alternative way to improve energy efficiency is the use of supercritical CO₂ power cycles, which have a number of advantages over traditional ones due to carbon dioxide’s thermophysical properties. In particular, the use of carbon dioxide allows increasing efficiency by reducing compression and friction losses in the wheel spaces of the turbines; in addition, it is known that CO₂ turbomachinery has smaller dimensions compared to traditional steam and gas turbines of similar capacity. Furthermore, semi-closed oxy–fuel combustion power cycles can reduce greenhouse gases emissions by many times; at the same time, they have characteristics of efficiency and specific capital costs comparable with traditional cycles. Given the high volatility of fuel prices, as well as the rising prices of carbon dioxide emission allowances, changes in efficiency, capital costs and specific greenhouse gas emissions can lead to a change in the cost of electricity generation. In this paper, key closed and semi-closed supercritical CO₂ combustion power cycles and their promising modifications are considered from the point of view of energy, economic and environmental efficiency; the cycles that are optimal in terms of technical and economic characteristics are identified among those considered. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Temperature Power Units for Electricity and Heat Production: Current Status, Applications, and Trends)

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