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RES-Based Generators and Electric Storage Systems

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2021) | Viewed by 8163

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Prof. Dr. Fabio Massaro

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Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building n.9, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: renewable energy sources; storage systems; microgrids; system planning; energy efficiency; energy management and optimization

Dr. Rossano Musca

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Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: renewable energy sources; dynamic analysis; grid integration; frequency control; system stability; modeling and algorithms
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For decades, electric systems have been experiencing a radical transformation due to a number of different factors. As part of this transformation, the increasing share of generation coming from renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic and wind, and the technological progress of electric storage systems are two key factors leading to a paradigm change in how electric systems are designed, controlled, and operated. Future energy scenarios show both challenges and opportunities associated with the integration of renewable energy source generation and to the development of storage systems technology. This Special Issue aims to collect recent progress and developments in the grid integration of RES-based generators and grid support applications of energy storage systems, while also considering the interfacing of the energy source power converters to the grid. Submissions which address practical and theoretical aspects of renewable energy sources and storage systems are welcome, including those focusing on power converters, energy system control and operation, and overall systemic impacts of RES and storage systems integration.

The main topics include but are not limited to the following:

Modeling of renewable energy sources and storage systems;
Centralized and distributed control schemes;
Dynamic analysis of converter-interfaced generation;
Control design of power converters interfacing the energy source;
Operation and control of hybrid renewable energy systems;
Energy management strategies.

Prof. Dr. Fabio Massaro
Dr. Rossano Musca
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

modeling and control
renewable energy sources
storage systems
hybrid systems
power converters
dynamic analysis

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 5034 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Managing the Demand in a Micro Grid Based on Load Shifting with Controllable Devices Using Hybrid WFS2ACSO Technique

by Banala Venkatesh, Padmini Sankaramurthy, Bharatiraja Chokkalingam and Lucian Mihet-Popa

Energies 2022, 15(3), 790; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030790 - 21 Jan 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1791

Abstract

Demand Side Management (DSM) is an effective tool for utilities through reducing the demand of peak load and controlling the utilization of the energy of the system. The implementation of DSM provides benefits for utilities and is profitable for the customers who are involved in this process. DSM based on a load shifting strategy is proposed in this paper by employing various devices to minimize the energy consumption pattern in the system. The proposed hybrid strategy is the joint implementation of the Wingsuit Flying Search Algorithm (WFSA) and Artificial Cell Swarm Optimization (ACSO). The searching behavior of WFSA is enhanced by ACSO. Hence, it is named the WFS2ACSO technique. The implementation of this load shifting technique was carried out on three different types of loads, these being residential loads, commercial loads, and industrial loads. Two case studies, over summer and winter, were validated to check the feasibility of the test system. The proposed method aimed to achieve the load demand in an effective way for the minimization of bill electrification, Peak to Average Ratio (PAR), and the consumption of power. The Time-of-Use (TOU) pricing was implemented to calculate the savings in energy bills. The proposed test system of the Micro Grid (MG) was executed on a MATLAB platform with two case studies based on the optimization methods WFSA and WFS2ACSO. Simulation results demonstrated the comparative analysis of electricity cost and peak load with different algorithms and were carried out with and without DSM consideration. The projected DSM methodology achieved considerable savings as the peak load demand of MG decreased. Furthermore, the decrease in PAR levels of 14% in the residential load, 16% in the commercial load, and 10% in the industrial load, with and without the DSM methodology, was presented. The flight length and awareness of probability tuning parameters make the proposed algorithm more effective in obtaining better results. The test results obtained prove the effectiveness of the hybridized algorithm as compared with other trend-setting optimization techniques such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Ant Lion Optimization (ALO). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue RES-Based Generators and Electric Storage Systems)

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21 pages, 5490 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Proposal of a New Procurement Strategy of Frequency Control Reserves in Power Systems: The Italian Case in the European Framework

by Enrico Maria Carlini, Mauro Caprabianca, Maria Carmen Falvo, Sara Perfetti, Luca Luzi and Federico Quaglia

Energies 2021, 14(19), 6105; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196105 - 25 Sep 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1628

Abstract

Over the last few years, a strong penetration of Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources (IRES) has been in progress in the Italian power system. In this new framework, the dispatching activity must improve its efficiency to ensure adequacy and security of the national electricity system. European market integration initiatives are making this goal achievable, provided that the coherency of market price signals and reserve procurement at the European level are guaranteed. For this reason, the Italian Transmission System Operator (TSO), Terna, started to investigate the opportunity to align the Italian reserve-procurement approach to the one adopted in most European countries, procuring Replacement Reserve (RR) in dedicated auctions held in advance of the day-ahead market. The aim of this new methodology is to improve the coherency of price signals arising from the integrated European day-ahead market, anticipating potential scarcity conditions, thus helping to keep adequacy standards high. This paper describes the characteristics of a possible new reserve-procurement model based on the European benchmark. Comparative simulations are presented, estimating the impact of the new approach in terms of outcomes and costs of both the energy and ancillary services markets in Italy. The results of this study suggest activation of the reserve auction only in the cases in which the TSO expects a potential risk of simultaneous reserve scarcity across European countries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue RES-Based Generators and Electric Storage Systems)

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22 pages, 2370 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Original Control Strategy of Storage Systems for the Frequency Stability of Autonomous Grids with Renewable Power Generation

by Mariano G. Ippolito, Fabio Massaro, Rossano Musca and Gaetano Zizzo

Energies 2021, 14(15), 4391; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14154391 - 21 Jul 2021

Viewed by 1702

Abstract

This work examines the operation of the autonomous power system of a geographical island assuming the integration of significant generation shares from renewable energy sources and the installation of the required storage systems. The frequency stability of the system is investigated considering different operating conditions, in terms of load demand and renewable power generation. The main focus of the work is an original control strategy specifically designed for power converters interfacing storage units to the grid. The proposed strategy is based on an extended frequency droop control, which selects specific droop settings depending on the operating mode—charge or discharge—of the storage unit. A simulation model of the whole electrical system is developed for dynamic analysis. The model also implements the possibility of including specific auxiliary frequency controls for synthetic inertia and primary reserve. The results of the simulation and analysis indicate that the proposed control strategy has a significant positive effect, making the storage units able to provide a fundamental and more effective support to the frequency stability of the system. The application of the proposed control strategy to storage units also reduces the need for a contribution to the frequency control from intermittent and variable sources, making the whole system more robust, stable and reliable. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue RES-Based Generators and Electric Storage Systems)

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17 pages, 5317 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Performance Improvement of Matrix Converter Direct Torque Control System

by Bowei Zou, Yougui Guo, Xi Xiao, Bowen Yang, Xiao Wang, Mingzhang Shi and Yulin Tu

Energies 2020, 13(12), 3247; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13123247 - 23 Jun 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1941

Abstract

In asynchronous motor direct torque control systems, the power supply using the matrix converter can achieve the effect of direct torque control and also has the advantages of the matrix converter. Nonetheless, direct torque control still has drawbacks in terms of pulsation. In this paper, the characteristics of direct torque control method and its existing problems are analyzed in depth. In view of the shortcomings of torque ripple, an improved scheme of torque tracking control is proposed based on conventional control methods. On the basis of theoretical simulation, DSP and FPGA algorithms are designed respectively in C language and VHDL to implement the proposed control strategy. Finally, a highly integrated experimental platform of matrix converter has been developed to verify the proposed control strategy. The simulation and experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the improved scheme. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue RES-Based Generators and Electric Storage Systems)

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