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Power Grid on Energy Great Transition with High Penetration of Renewable Energies

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2019) | Viewed by 16420

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jung-Wook Park

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Guest Editor

School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
Interests: power system dynamics; energy management system; renewable energies based distributed generation system; and hardware implementation of power-electronic based inverters

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are inviting submissions to Special Issue of Energies on the subject of “Power Grid on Energy Great Transition with High Penetration of Renewable Energies”. Many countries around the world are planning to increase the generation dependency on renewable energy sources from 20% up to even 50% in next two decades. In other words, we will be experiencing the power grid on energy great transition with the high penetration of renewable energies in near future. To achieve this goal, the innovative and effective methodologies for control, operation, and planning of that power grid are significantly required while dealing with the uncertainty and variability of renewable energies. The objective of this Special Issue is to address, discuss, and present the novel theories, methods, and applications to the power grid on energy great transition. Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

Methods to obtain the grid-connected flexibility and maximize the allowable capacity
New system structures with interconnection of AC and DC
Smart inverter and active distribution system
Applications of FACTS and HVDC
Short-term and long-term planning of power system with the high penetration of renewable energies
Cooperative operation and energy management of transmission and distribution systems
Converter-level and plant-level controls of wind power and photovoltaic generations
Short-term and long-term grid-level cooperative control for different types of power plants
Control and operation to obtain the proper power reserves
Improvement of stability with respect to frequency and voltage of system
Real-time fast state estimation algorithms
Estimation of net-load
Forecasting of wind power and photovoltaic generations
Effective dynamic simulation methods and modeling

Prof. Jung-Wook PARK
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

power grid on energy great transition
high penetration of renewable energies
wind power and photovoltaic generations
energy management system
power generation, transmission, distribution
control, operation, planning
power reserve
system stability
estimation and forecasting
simulation and modeling
flexibility

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3946 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Demand Response Approach to Scheduling Constrained Load Shifting

by Pedro Faria and Zita Vale

Energies 2019, 12(9), 1752; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091752 - 9 May 2019

Cited by 29 | Viewed by 3300

Abstract

Demand response (DR) and its advantages are nowadays unquestionable due to the success of several recent implementations of DR programs. Improved methodologies and approaches are needed for the adequate consumers’ schedule in DR events, taking the consumers’ behaviour and preferences into account. In this paper, a virtual power player manages DR programs, minimizing operation costs, respecting the consumption shifting constraints. The impact of the consumption shifting in the target periods is taken into consideration. The advantages of the DR use in comparison with distributed generation (DG) are evaluated. Two scenarios based on 218 consumers in a frame of 96 periods have been implemented. It is demonstrated the advantages of DR in the operation of distributed energy resources, namely when considering the lack of supply. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Grid on Energy Great Transition with High Penetration of Renewable Energies)

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15 pages, 1589 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Flexible Modern Power System: Real-Time Power Balancing through Load and Wind Power

by Abdul Basit, Tanvir Ahmad, Asfand Yar Ali, Kaleem Ullah, Gussan Mufti and Anca Daniela Hansen

Energies 2019, 12(9), 1710; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091710 - 6 May 2019

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3370

Abstract

Increasing large-scale integration of renewables in conventional power system has led to an increase in reserve power requirement owing to the forecasting error. Innovative operating strategies are required for maintaining balance between load and generation in real time, while keeping the reserve power requirement at its minimum. This research work proposes a control strategy for active power balance control without compromising power system security, emphasizing the integration of wind power and flexible load in automatic generation control. Simulations were performed in DIgSILENT for forecasting the modern Danish power system with bulk wind power integration. A high wind day of year 2020 was selected for analysis when wind power plants were contributing 76.7% of the total electricity production. Conventional power plants and power exchange with interconnected power systems utilize an hour-ahead power regulation schedule, while real-time series are used for wind power plants and load demand. Analysis showed that flexible load units along with wind power plants can actively help in reducing real-time power imbalances introduced due to large-scale integration of wind power, thus increasing power system reliability without enhancing the reserve power requirement from conventional power plants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Grid on Energy Great Transition with High Penetration of Renewable Energies)

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16 pages, 3877 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Adaptive Droop Based Virtual Slack Control of Multiple DGs in Practical DC Distribution System to Improve Voltage Profile

by Soo Hyoung Lee

Energies 2019, 12(8), 1541; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12081541 - 24 Apr 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1960

Abstract

This paper proposes an adaptive droop based virtual slack (ADVS) control for multiple distributed generations (DGs) to improve voltage stability of a practical DC distribution system. Although there have been many researches for optimal sizes of multiple DGs, their solutions are valid only in the particular operating point. Additionally, a previous study proposed a voltage control based optimal operation method, its performance depends on measurement accuracy in practice. The proposed ADVS control operates the system based on the current sensitivities between the DGs and loads, so that it can regulate the system voltages without a large computational effort. This is effective even if measurements are noisy and biased. All DGs contribute to voltage regulation by current control even though they do not directly control voltages. As an additional effect, they effectively share the load. To verify the proposed method, the DC system is modeled based on the real distribution system of the Do-gok area in Seoul, Korea. Then, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm determines its operation point. The proposed method is verified based on the electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation with random loads. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Grid on Energy Great Transition with High Penetration of Renewable Energies)

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20 pages, 4200 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Reactive Power Management Based on Voltage Sensitivity Analysis of Distribution System with High Penetration of Renewable Energies

by SeokJu Kang, Jaewoo Kim, Jung-Wook Park and Seung-Mook Baek

Energies 2019, 12(8), 1493; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12081493 - 19 Apr 2019

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4703

Abstract

The high penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in the distribution system brings new challenges related to voltage variations and reverse power flow. The sudden changes in electric power generation from the DERs due to climate conditions or their internal malfunction might cause high fluctuations in system voltage. To enhance the voltage stability when a disturbance occurs, this paper proposes a new reactive power management method to control each DER based on voltage sensitivity analysis. The voltage variation has the different features in both steady-state and transient conditions. In particular, its transient behavior depends on the type of DERs. Therefore, the particular optimal control for improving the dynamic response of voltage is difficult to apply for all types of DERs. In contrast, the voltage variation in steady-state can be controlled with the reactive power management by the sensitivity analysis between reactive power generation and system voltage. Even though this paper focuses on the reduction of voltage variation in steady-state, the relationship between the voltage variations in steady-state and transient conditions is also analyzed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with several case studies on the practical distribution system in South Korea by using the time-domain simulation based on the PSCAD/EMTDC^® software. The results show that the proposed reactive power management method can improve the dynamic voltage responses in both steady-state and transient conditions when the distribution system has the high penetration of renewables. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Grid on Energy Great Transition with High Penetration of Renewable Energies)

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16 pages, 3081 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of Maximum Penetration Capacity of Photovoltaic Generator Considering Frequency Stability in Practical Stand-Alone Microgrid

by Kwang Woo Joung, Hee-Jin Lee and Jung-Wook Park

Energies 2019, 12(8), 1445; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12081445 - 15 Apr 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2687

Abstract

In South Korea, the existing diesel generators are being replaced with renewable energy sources (RESs) in several stand-alone microgrids. However, their reliability and stability are not still guaranteed by fluctuations of the system caused by RESs, arising from unpredictable changes in environmental factors. Moreover, since the inertia that is originally provided by the diesel synchronous generators is reduced, the overall system becomes highly sensitive to frequency variations. As a result, the installation of RESs must be well planned while considering the upper limit of their installed capacity. In this paper, a new method for evaluating the maximum penetration capacity of photovoltaic (PV) generators to ensure the stable operation of a microgrid is proposed. For the analytical approach, two frequency stability indexes, which are the minimum instantaneous frequency and the quasi-steady-state (QSS) frequency after a disturbance, are used. The capacity of PV to be installed is limited by considering the characteristics of other generators. In addition, the efficiency of the energy storage system (ESS) is also analyzed to determine the optimal capacity of both PV and ESS. The effectiveness of the proposed method is firstly proven through the mathematical analysis. Then, case studies on a practical stand-alone microgrid in South Korea are carried out using a time-domain simulation based on the DIgSILENT PowerFactory^® software. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Grid on Energy Great Transition with High Penetration of Renewable Energies)

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