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Fire
Special Issues
Climate and Human-Driven Impacts on Tropical Rainforests
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Climate and Human-Driven Impacts on Tropical Rainforests

A special issue of Fire (ISSN 2571-6255).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 3219

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Gabriel de Oliveira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Earth Sciences, University of South Alabama, 5871 USA Drive North, LSCB Room 342, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
Interests: vegetation dynamics; biosphere–atmosphere interactions; water and carbon cycling; remote sensing/GIS; land use and land cover changes (LULCC); Amazonia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Guilherme A. V. Mataveli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division, Brazilian National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Sao Jose dos Campos 12227-010, SP, Brazil
Interests: remote sensing; fires; biomass burning; fire drivers; LULC changes; spatial analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Paulo Artaxo

grade E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil
Interests: meteorology; climatology; geochemistry; aerosol science; precipitation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Luiz E. O. C. Aragao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division, Brazilian National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Sao Jose dos Campos 12227-010, SP, Brazil
2. College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK
Interests: drought; vegetation phenology; land use; biodiversity and conservation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Carlos A. C. dos Santos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Academic Unity of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brazil
Interests: climate change; remote sensing; irrigation; precipitation; meteorology; evapotranspiration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maquelle Garcia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of West Virginia, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
Interests: forest management; forest ecology; plant physiology; drought stress; photosynthesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Hannah Stewart

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Division of Behavioral and Social Science and Education, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DC 20001, USA
Interests: sustainability; sustainable development; sustainable agriculture; environmental management; sustainability management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tropical rainforests are a treasure trove of biodiversity. However, intensifying anthropic pressure and associated land cover changes have led to large-scale forest loss. These rainforests influence the terrestrial climate system through exchanges of energy, carbon dioxide, and water between the earth’s surface and the atmosphere. In addition to providing water vapor to the environment through evapotranspiration, influencing general circulation in the tropics, and contributing to regional precipitation, tropical rainforests play an important role in the global carbon cycle.

Climate-change-induced increases in temperature and reductions in precipitation are triggering forest degradation, with some parts of tropical rainforests already becoming a carbon source.  Additionally, climate extremes are also impacting these forests, which are losing resilience. To develop a comprehensive understanding of the complex forest–climate extremes interactions, it is necessary to focus on different processes affecting biodiversity loss and ecosystem services.

We look forward to receiving your contributions to our joint Special Issue, “Climate and Human-Driven Impacts on Tropical Rainforests”,  in Climate and Fire. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

New satellite data and tools to assess deforestation; forest fragmentation and natural recovery; belowground biogeochemistry; plant demography and ecophysiology; plant functional traits; aquifer-to-canopy hydrology; forest–atmosphere interactions; impacts of severe events such as droughts and fire; tolerance and resilience of tropical rainforests to extreme events, taking into consideration the drivers of land degradation and deforestation and further transitions under a climate change scenario.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Climate.

Dr. Gabriel de Oliveira
Dr. Guilherme A. V. Mataveli
Prof. Dr. Paulo Artaxo
Dr. Luiz E. O. C. Aragão
Dr. Carlos A. C. dos Santos
Dr. Maquelle Garcia
Guest Editors

Hannah Stewart
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fire is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • land cover changes
  • forest degradation
  • ecophysiology
  • fire and droughts
  • remote sensing
  • ground-based observations
  • belowground biogeochemistry
  • forest-atmosphere interactions
  • water and carbon cycling
  • greenhouse gas emissions

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1387 KiB  
Article
Fire, Rain and CO2: Potential Drivers of Tropical Savanna Vegetation Change, with Implications for Carbon Crediting
by Greg Barber, Andrew Edwards and Kerstin Zander
Fire 2023, 6(12), 465; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6120465 - 07 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1573
Abstract
A global trend of increasing tree cover in savannas has been observed and ascribed to a range of possible causes, including CO2 levels, changing rainfall and fire frequency. We tested these explanations in the Australian tropical savanna, taking 96 savanna ‘cool burning’ [...] Read more.
A global trend of increasing tree cover in savannas has been observed and ascribed to a range of possible causes, including CO2 levels, changing rainfall and fire frequency. We tested these explanations in the Australian tropical savanna, taking 96 savanna ‘cool burning’ projects from Australia’s emissions offset scheme as case studies. We obtained readings of tree cover and explanatory variables from published remote sensing or spatial data sources. These were analysed using time-series linear regression to obtain coefficients for the influence of severe fire occurrence, annual rainfall and prior percentage tree cover. Although statistically significant coefficients for the key variables were found in only half (severe fire) or one quarter (rainfall) of the individual project models, when comparing all the model coefficients across the rainfall gradient, ecologically coherent explanations emerge. No residual trend was observed, suggesting rising CO2 levels have not influenced tree cover over the study period. Our approach models tree cover change by separating ecological drivers from human-controlled factors such as fire management. This is an essential design feature of national emissions inventories and emissions offsets programs, where crediting must be additional to the expected baseline, and arise from human activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate and Human-Driven Impacts on Tropical Rainforests)
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15 pages, 3174 KiB  
Article
Quantifying Fire-Induced Surface Climate Changes in the Savanna and Rainforest Biomes of Brazil
by Fernando De Sales, Zackary Werner and João Gilberto de Souza Ribeiro
Fire 2023, 6(8), 311; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6080311 - 12 Aug 2023
Viewed by 982
Abstract
This study uses a combined research approach based on remote-sensing and numerical modeling to quantify the effects of burned areas on the surface climate in the two Brazilian biomes most affected by fires: the tropical savanna and the Amazon rainforest. Our estimates indicate [...] Read more.
This study uses a combined research approach based on remote-sensing and numerical modeling to quantify the effects of burned areas on the surface climate in the two Brazilian biomes most affected by fires: the tropical savanna and the Amazon rainforest. Our estimates indicate that between 2007 and 2020, approximately 6% of the savanna and 2% of the rainforest were burned on average. Non-parametric regressions based on 14-year climate model simulations indicate that latent heat flux decreases on average by approximately 0.17 W m−2 in the savanna and 0.60 W m−2 in the rainforest per each 1 km2 burned, with most of the impacts registered during the onset of the wet season. Sensible and ground heat fluxes are also impacted but at less intensity. Surface air is also warmer and drier, especially over rainforest burned sites. On average, fire reduced gross primary production in the savanna and rainforest by 12% and 10%, respectively, in our experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate and Human-Driven Impacts on Tropical Rainforests)
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