Genetic Genealogy

A special issue of Genealogy (ISSN 2313-5778).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 September 2017) | Viewed by 40936

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
Interests: geographies of identity; relatedness; belonging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is now nearly two decades since genetic tests for information about ‘deep ancestry’, or to aid in genealogical research first came on the market in the United Kingdom and the United States. The numbers and locations of companies offering these tests has multiplied hugely since and the possibility of knowing something about ancestry through a genetic test has become embedded within public culture through media coverage of personal and collective stories of tests and results. This Special Issue of Genealogy, “Genetic Genealogy”, invites contributors to critically explore what is known as direct-to-consumer ancestry testing, genetic genealogy, or recreational genetics. Building on recent work on the nature and implications of these tests, the aim of this Special Issue is to extend critical engagements with the claims and limits of the tests themselves; document and analysis the emergence and development of this sector; and to address its impact and effects from the perspective of those who have undertaken these tests, to counter the largely positive narratives of their value that dominant the sector and media representations. Some potential areas of focus may include the following:

  • the history and geography of the development of this sector; the relationship between commercial ventures and scientific research units and the role of key individuals and collaborations; its political economies and degree of regulation
  • the further analysis of the scientific basis of the tests and what they can and cannot say about ancestry and origins
  • the ways in which genetic genealogy companies deal with categories of difference such as race, ethnicity, national identity
  • the figuring of gender in relation to ideas of lineage and ancestry
  • the experience of genetic genealogy for individuals, families and groups in terms of senses of identity, relatedness and belonging
  • and the interpersonal and familial ethics and effects of instigating and producing this form of genealogical knowledge
  • the incorporation of, or resistance to, genetic genealogy in collective histories and identities
  • the relationship between conventional and genetic sources of historical knowledge in family history and issues of expertise and authority
  • the degree to which genetic ancestry testing features in museums, public historical narratives and historical scholarship
  • the nature, use and implications of genetic genealogy in different geographical contexts especially beyond the UK and US.

Prof. Dr. Catherine Nash
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • genetic genealogy
  • deep ancestry
  • race
  • ethnicity
  • gender
  • ethics
  • knowledge
  • resistance

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 461 KiB  
Article
The Rise and Fall of BritainsDNA: A Tale of Misleading Claims, Media Manipulation and Threats to Academic Freedom
by Debbie A Kennett, Adrian Timpson, David J. Balding and Mark G. Thomas
Genealogy 2018, 2(4), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy2040047 - 02 Nov 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 20131
Abstract
Direct-to-consumer genetic ancestry testing is a new and growing industry that has gained widespread media coverage and public interest. Its scientific base is in the fields of population and evolutionary genetics and it has benefitted considerably from recent advances in rapid and cost-effective [...] Read more.
Direct-to-consumer genetic ancestry testing is a new and growing industry that has gained widespread media coverage and public interest. Its scientific base is in the fields of population and evolutionary genetics and it has benefitted considerably from recent advances in rapid and cost-effective DNA typing technologies. There is a considerable body of scientific literature on the use of genetic data to make inferences about human population history, although publications on inferring the ancestry of specific individuals are rarer. Population geneticists have questioned the scientific validity of some population history inference approaches, particularly those of a more interpretative nature. These controversies have spilled over into commercial genetic ancestry testing, with some companies making sensational claims about their products. One such company—BritainsDNA—made a number of dubious claims both directly to its customers and in the media. Here we outline our scientific concerns, document the exchanges between us, BritainsDNA and the BBC, and discuss the issues raised about media promotion of commercial enterprises, academic freedom of expression, science and pseudoscience and the genetic ancestry testing industry. We provide a detailed account of this case as a resource for historians and sociologists of science, and to shape public understanding, media reporting and scientific scrutiny of the commercial use of population and evolutionary genetics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Genealogy)
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17 pages, 246 KiB  
Article
Constructing Masculinity through Genetic Legacies: Family Histories, Y-Chromosomes, and “Viking Identities”
by Marc Scully
Genealogy 2018, 2(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy2010008 - 09 Feb 2018
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 7000
Abstract
The contemporary popularity of genetic genealogy has been accompanied by concerns about its potential reifying of identity. This has referred in particular to ethnicity, but also to gender, with fears that looking at the past through the lens of popular genetics reinforces patriarchal [...] Read more.
The contemporary popularity of genetic genealogy has been accompanied by concerns about its potential reifying of identity. This has referred in particular to ethnicity, but also to gender, with fears that looking at the past through the lens of popular genetics reinforces patriarchal views of the family and traditional heteronormative understandings of masculinity and femininity. This study investigates whether such understandings are drawn upon by male participants in a population genetics study. Discursive analysis of 128 responses to a participant motivation survey and 18 follow-up interviews explores how participants construct masculinity when discussing genetics and their own family history. It is argued that while there is some evidence for the “patriarchal” argument, a subtler form of masculine legacy creation and maintenance is the primary narrative. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Genealogy)
208 KiB  
Article
A New Research Agenda for the Study of Genetic Ancestry Tests and the Formation of Racial and Ethnic Identities and Ancestries
by Katharine Tyler
Genealogy 2018, 2(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy2010001 - 22 Dec 2017
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4339
Abstract
This paper sets out a new research agenda for the study of family historians’ (referred to as ‘genealogists’) use of genetic ancestry tests in the course of their family history research in postcolonial Britain. My focus is upon the ways in which the [...] Read more.
This paper sets out a new research agenda for the study of family historians’ (referred to as ‘genealogists’) use of genetic ancestry tests in the course of their family history research in postcolonial Britain. My focus is upon the ways in which the use of these tests shapes the formation of genealogists’ ethnic, racial, national, class and gender identities and their ancestries. I argue that, while there is some significant and important work on the ways in which African Americans and white Americans deploy these tests to trace their family histories, there is little comparable work in the context of postcolonial Britain. Drawing on sociological, anthropological and geographical research on identity, genetic ancestry testing and family history research, I set out some of the theoretical issues that research in this area in Britain should address, and outline possible methodologies and methods that will serve to bridge this gap in the current literature on race, ethnicity, identity and genealogy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Genealogy)
3218 KiB  
Article
When Markers Meet Marketing: Ethnicity, Race, Hybridity, and Kinship in Genetic Genealogy Television Advertising
by Christine Scodari
Genealogy 2017, 1(4), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy1040022 - 07 Dec 2017
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 8559
Abstract
The essay explores issues pertaining to genetics vs. culture in understandings of kinship, hybridity as a disruptor of essentialist conceptions of race, the fetishization of ethnicity and culture, racist misuses of genetic science, processes of racialization, and counter-hegemonic resistance. Thirty- and sixty-second television [...] Read more.
The essay explores issues pertaining to genetics vs. culture in understandings of kinship, hybridity as a disruptor of essentialist conceptions of race, the fetishization of ethnicity and culture, racist misuses of genetic science, processes of racialization, and counter-hegemonic resistance. Thirty- and sixty-second television advertisements airing in the U.S. from the 23andMe and AncestryDNA genetic genealogy testing services are analyzed in this context. The investigation demonstrates that genetic ancestry testing providers are well aware that their enterprise is premised on belief in the superiority of biological kinship and that hybridity is mobilized primarily as a marketing opportunity with ethnic components signified in shorthand by fetishized objects. Moreover, the categories of race and ethnicity presented in the ads give cover to racist abusers of genetic science, as the ads are consistent with socially constructed racial classifications. While maintaining this consistency, the categories are subject to adjustment based on the expectations of consumers. Resistance is possible in the use of genetic ancestry by descendants of African slaves to make localized connections to Africa, something that conventional genealogy seldom provides. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Genealogy)
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