International Journal of Molecular Sciences

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Dear Colleagues,

In the modern era, the treatment landscape for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has undergone a significant transformation due to the introduction of Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, and targeted therapies (TT) both in early and advanced stages. Additionally, novel treatment options, such as antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), offer new possibilities in the fight against lung cancer. Precision oncology plays a critical role in guiding treatment decisions, not only based on the molecular profile of the tumor at baseline but also considering molecular/histological changes at disease progression. Extensive efforts have been made in recent decades to evaluate the efficacy and safety of current treatment strategies, particularly ICIs, in "special populations" such as elderly patients, those with poor ECOG performance status, and those with comorbidities like chronic viral infections.

This Special Issue aims to gather original and review articles that focus on assessing the efficacy and safety of current and novel therapies in both oncogene-addicted and non-oncogene-addicted NSCLC, as well as the evaluation of potential predictive and prognostic molecular biomarkers. We encourage authors to submit original or review articles that investigate the role of novel treatments in "special populations" affected by NSCLC in order to enhance our understanding of their impact in these patient subgroups.

Dr. Lorenzo Belluomini
Guest Editor

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Keywords

NSCLC
predictive and prognostic biomarkers
immunotherapy
targeted therapy
special populations

Published Papers (1 paper)

Research

21 pages, 16306 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Tumor Models for Experimental Cancer Treatments

by Jing Li, Tereza Brachtlova, Ida H. van der Meulen-Muileman, Stijn Kleerebezem, Chang Liu, Peiyu Li and Victor W. van Beusechem

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(20), 15425; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015425 - 21 Oct 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1445

Abstract

To promote the preclinical development of new treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we established NSCLC xenograft tumor assays on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken embryos. Five NSCLC cell lines were compared for tumor take rate, tumor growth, and embryo survival. Two of these, A549 and H460 CAM tumors, were histologically characterized and tested for susceptibility to systemic chemotherapy and gene delivery using viral vectors. All cell lines were efficiently engrafted with minimal effect on embryo survival. The A549 cells formed slowly growing tumors, with a relatively uniform distribution of cancer cells and stroma cells, while the H460 cells formed large tumors containing mostly proliferating cancer cells in a bed of vascularized connective tissue. Tumor growth was inhibited via systemic treatment with Pemetrexed and Cisplatin, a chemotherapy combination that is often used to treat patients with advanced NSCLC. Lentiviral and adenoviral vectors expressing firefly luciferase transduced NSCLC tumors in vivo. The adenovirus vector yielded more than 100-fold higher luminescence intensities after a single administration than could be achieved with multiple lentiviral vector deliveries. The adenovirus vector also transduced CAM tissue and organs of developing embryos. Adenovirus delivery to tumors was 100–10,000-fold more efficient than to embryo organs. In conclusion, established human NSCLC-CAM tumor models provide convenient in vivo assays to rapidly evaluate new cancer therapies, particularly cancer gene therapies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies)

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