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Diet and Oxidative Stress

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 3115

Special Issue Editor


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Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, 50121 Firenze, Italy
Interests: thrombosis; fibrinogen; oxidative stress; protein structure
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue delves into the intricate interplay between diet and oxidative stress, highlighting the pivotal role of dietary choices in shaping the body’s oxidative balance. Oxidative stress, resulting from the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the body’s antioxidant defenses, is implicated in numerous chronic diseases. This Special Issue aims to elucidate how dietary patterns influence oxidative stress and subsequent health outcomes in the face of the escalating global prevalence of chronic diseases.

This Special Issue will explore the specific roles of dietary components in either contributing to or mitigating oxidative stress. Emphasizing the importance of a well-balanced diet rich in antioxidants like vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, selenium, and zinc, the research contrasts this with diets high in processed foods, refined sugars, and saturated fats, associated with promoting oxidative stress.

The call for contributions extends to various article types, including original research, reviews, brief reports, commentaries, opinions, perspectives, and case reports. Researchers are encouraged to identify novel biomarkers linked to oxidative stress within dietary contexts. The research topic encompasses the exploration into new pathways for understanding diet-related oxidative stress, personalized nutrition through “omics”-based technologies, pharmacological agents influencing redox regulation via diet, and comprehensive studies on the impacts of specific dietary interventions.

In summary, this Special Issue aims to deepen our understanding of the intricate relationship between diet and oxidative stress. By unraveling molecular mechanisms and identifying potential biomarkers, the goal is to pave the way for personalized dietary interventions and contribute to novel therapeutic approaches for addressing oxidative stress-related health concerns.

Dr. Matteo Becatti
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • diet
  • antioxidants
  • personalized medicine
  • oxidative stress
  • health and disease

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 334 KiB  
Article
Effects of Diet and Supplements on Parameters of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Mechanisms in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis
by Anna Bogacka, Maria Olszewska and Kazimierz Ciechanowski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(20), 11036; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011036 - 14 Oct 2024
Viewed by 507
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide increases as the population ages. The progression of the disease increases the risk of complications and death and leads to end-stage renal failure, requiring renal replacement therapy. Despite the positive effect of hemodialysis (HD), patients [...] Read more.
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide increases as the population ages. The progression of the disease increases the risk of complications and death and leads to end-stage renal failure, requiring renal replacement therapy. Despite the positive effect of hemodialysis (HD), patients are at risk of developing malnutrition, inflammation, oxidative stress, or cardiovascular disease, which worsens quality of life and can lead to organ dysfunction. The occurrence of the mentioned disorders depends largely on the diet, so changes in diet composition are an important part of the treatment of kidney disease. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a balanced diet on some parameters of oxidative stress, immune response, and nutritional status in patients. This study included 57 HD patients (19 women and 38 men). In all of them, nutritional status and diet were initially determined, and then, they were divided into six groups, which received different diets and supplements. Serum levels of albumin, total protein, MDA, and the cytokines Il-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10 were determined, and the activity of the enzymes such as CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px were determined in erythrocytes by spectrophotometry. Based on the results of BMI, albumin, and total protein, it can be concluded that a well-balanced diet can reduce weight loss. This study shows that a well-balanced diet can reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and ensure the normal activity of antioxidative enzymes in the blood of HD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet and Oxidative Stress)

Review

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25 pages, 1588 KiB  
Review
Dietary Antioxidants and Natural Compounds in Preventing Thrombosis and Cardiovascular Disease
by Elvira Giurranna, Francesca Nencini, Alessandra Bettiol, Serena Borghi, Flavia Rita Argento, Giacomo Emmi, Elena Silvestri, Niccolò Taddei, Claudia Fiorillo and Matteo Becatti
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(21), 11457; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111457 - 25 Oct 2024
Viewed by 524
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, and coagulation abnormalities, promoting thrombus formation. Given the growing interest in non-pharmacological approaches to modulate oxidative stress, we examine the potential of various dietary interventions and antioxidant supplementation in reducing oxidative damage and [...] Read more.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, and coagulation abnormalities, promoting thrombus formation. Given the growing interest in non-pharmacological approaches to modulate oxidative stress, we examine the potential of various dietary interventions and antioxidant supplementation in reducing oxidative damage and preventing thrombotic events. Key dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and ketogenic diets, as well as antioxidant-rich supplements like curcumin, selenium, and polyphenols, demonstrate promising effects in improving oxidative stress markers, lipid profiles, and inflammatory responses. This review highlights recent advances in the field, drawing from in vitro, ex vivo, and clinical studies, and underscores the importance of integrating dietary strategies into preventive and therapeutic approaches for managing thrombosis and cardiovascular health. Further research is needed to better understand long-term effects and personalize these interventions for optimizing patient outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet and Oxidative Stress)
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29 pages, 1033 KiB  
Review
Endometriosis, Pain, and Related Psychological Disorders: Unveiling the Interplay among the Microbiome, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress as a Common Thread
by Francesca Cuffaro, Edda Russo and Amedeo Amedei
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(12), 6473; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126473 - 12 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1729
Abstract
Endometriosis (EM), a chronic condition in endometrial tissue outside the uterus, affects around 10% of reproductive-age women, significantly affecting fertility. Its prevalence remains elusive due to the surgical confirmation needed for diagnosis. Manifesting with a range of symptoms, including dysmenorrhea, dyschezia, dysuria, dyspareunia, [...] Read more.
Endometriosis (EM), a chronic condition in endometrial tissue outside the uterus, affects around 10% of reproductive-age women, significantly affecting fertility. Its prevalence remains elusive due to the surgical confirmation needed for diagnosis. Manifesting with a range of symptoms, including dysmenorrhea, dyschezia, dysuria, dyspareunia, fatigue, and gastrointestinal discomfort, EM significantly impairs quality of life due to severe chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Psychological manifestations, notably depression and anxiety, frequently accompany the physical symptoms, with CPP serving as a key mediator. Pain stems from endometrial lesions, involving oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, angiogenesis, and sensitization processes. Microbial dysbiosis appears to be crucial in the inflammatory mechanisms underlying EM and associated CPP, as well as psychological symptoms. In this scenario, dietary interventions and nutritional supplements could help manage EM symptoms by targeting inflammation, oxidative stress, and the microbiome. Our manuscript starts by delving into the complex relationship between EM pain and psychological comorbidities. It subsequently addresses the emerging roles of the microbiome, inflammation, and oxidative stress as common links among these abovementioned conditions. Furthermore, the review explores how dietary and nutritional interventions may influence the composition and function of the microbiome, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, alleviate pain, and potentially affect EM-associated psychological disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet and Oxidative Stress)
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