International Journal of Molecular Sciences

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Dear Colleagues,

Developments in our understanding of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) biology, gene regulation and intercellular interactions hold promise for the evolution of therapeutic approaches in tissue regeneration both in humans and in animals. Due to their exclusive capacity to self renew and commitment towards defined cell lineages, MSCs offer novel perspectives and tools for clinical application in a safe and effective manner. Recent knowledge on the crosstalk between MSCs and the microenvironment has highlighted that key soluble modulators, specific signaling pathways and/or the employment of biomaterials are able to foster a wide array of MSC properties including migration, behavior and also gene expression and cell fate. This provides new insights into the genetic manipulation, reprogramming and/or gene editing of MSCs, also addressing the physical, biological and biochemical properties of MSCs in order to boost their regenerative capabilities and tissue repair. Last but not least, studies concerning MSC extracellular vesicles and MSC secretome for tissue regeneration and immune modulation will enrich the knowledge on MSC functions, opening new possibilities for stem-cell-free advanced strategies. Accordingly, we invite investigators to contribute their novel findings in the field of MSCs, helping to bridge the gap between biology and applied regenerative medicine to encourage the progression of MSC-based translational research.

Gruppo Italiano Staminali Mesenchimali (GISM)

Dr. Alessandra Pelagalli
Prof. Dr. Heba Abdelrazik
Guest Editors

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (1 paper)

Research

12 pages, 1780 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Long-Term Cryopreservation May Cause Genomic Instability and the Premature Senescence of Cells

by Mariia Shorokhova, Natalia Pugovkina, Victoria Zemelko, Olga Lyublinskaya and Tatiana Grinchuk

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1467; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031467 - 25 Jan 2024

Viewed by 891

Abstract

Cryopreservation is an essential step for utilizing various cell types for biological research and medical purposes. At the same time, there is a lack of data on the effect of cryopreservation, especially when prolonged, on the karyotype of cells. In the present work, we analyzed the genetic stability of cells subjected to a cryopreservation procedure. The objects were immortalized Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (CHL V-79 RJK line) and human endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSCs). We showed that short-term cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen for up to 6 months did not affect the karyotype stability of CHL V-79 RJK and eMSCs. On the contrary, karyotyping of G-banded metaphase chromosomes in cells underwent 10-year cryopreservation, which revealed genomic instability in both cell lines associated with the variability of chromosome number in cells, random chromosomal rearrangements, and condensation disorder in homologs. In addition, we found out that long-term cryopreservation of eMSCs does not affect the expression of their typical surface markers and morphology, but results in a significant reduction in proliferative potential and early manifestation of cellular senescence features upon eMSCs culturing. Thus, we concluded that the long-term cryopreservation of cells of different types and biological origin can lead to irreversible changes of their karyotype and acceleration of cellular senescence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel MSC Perspectives: From Cell Regulation to Tissue Regeneration 4.0)

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