Dear Colleagues,

Nucleic acid-based diagnostics are pivotal at the crossroads of molecular biology and healthcare, enabling the identification of infectious diseases. Over the last few years, complementary technologies such as digital PCR (dPCR) and isothermal amplification methods have been introduced to complement traditional quantitative PCR (qPCR). Innovations encompass integrated microfluidic platforms, refined sample extraction, improved enzymes, creative primer designs, and multiplexing, thus enhancing speed and reliability. Bioinformatics and artificial intelligence augment accurate data analysis and results interpretation.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted issues around sensitivity, specificity, and low viral loads, underscoring the complexities in diagnostic interpretation. Yet, amidst challenges like climate change and antibiotic resistance, nucleic acid amplification-based diagnostics (NAAT) continue to evolve with adaptability, sensitivity, and growing accessibility. However, as the field progresses, cautious results interpretation and transparent communication remain crucial to ensure the responsible use of these powerful tools.

This Special Issue aims to provide a broad overview across the molecular diagnostic landscape, with a special emphasis on the intersection of qPCR, dPCR, isothermal amplification methods, and emerging trends in infectious disease diagnostics. By exploring the advances, challenges, and potential applications, this Special Issue strives to contribute to the understanding and effective utilisation of these technologies in the context of healthcare and disease management.

Prof. Dr. Stephen Bustin
Guest Editor

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