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10th Anniversary of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2024 | Viewed by 6553

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Andrey P. Kiassov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Interests: histology; regenerative medicine; cell therapy; gene therapy; translational medicine
Prof. Dr. Albert Rizvanov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Department of Genetics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Interests: multi-omics medicine; precision medicine; regenerative medicine; gene and cell therapy; molecular neurobiology; molecular virology; cancer diagnostics and therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue celebrates the tenth anniversary of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University. Established in 2012, based on the Faculty of Biology and Soil Sciences, it reinstated medical education in a classical university, which was lost in 1930 due to Soviet Union government policy changes. The main mission of the Institute became the development of translational medicine and implementation of the achievements of modern biology in practical healthcare, in addition to training a new generation of doctors and other healthcare professionals. At the same time, the Institute continues to train a vast array of biologists, thus bringing biology and medicine together to achieve closer integration and synergy. Today, the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology conducts state-of-the-art research in several areas such as personalized, precision and regenerative medicine; multi-omics research of the exposome; agriculture and ecology; and other aligned topics.

This Special Issue aims to highlight biological, medical and interdisciplinary research on the broad range of topics studied by the members, adjunct faculty and alumni of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology and their collaborators. Both review articles and original research papers are welcome.

For all the papers submitted to this Special Issue, an Editorial Board member from IJMS who does not have conflict of interest with Kazan Federal University will be invited to make decisions to avoid any conflict of interest.

Prof. Dr. Andrey P. Kiassov
Prof. Dr. Albert Rizvanov
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • precision medicine
  • personalized medicine
  • regenerative medicine
  • gene therapy
  • cell therapy
  • molecular virology
  • biophotonics
  • cell surface engineering
  • metagenomics
  • neurocognitive research
  • genetics
  • intercellular communication
  • agrobioengineering
  • biomarkers
  • oncology
  • malignant neoplasms
  • oncotransformation
  • physiology
  • immunopathology
  • mechanobiology
  • neurophysiology
  • neuromediators
  • protein–cell interactions
  • neuromodulation
  • pharmacology
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • agrobiotechnologies
  • plant biotechnology
  • nutrition
  • veterinary medicine
  • rehabilitation
  • medical robotics

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 877 KiB  
Communication
Regulating Pathways of Bacillus pumilus Adamalysin-like Metalloendopeptidase Expression
by Natalia L. Rudakova, Albina R. Sabirova, Damir I. Khasanov, Iuliia V. Danilova and Margarita R. Sharipova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(1), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010062 - 20 Dec 2023
Viewed by 577
Abstract
The minor secreted proteinase of B. pumilus 3-19 MprBp classified as the unique bacillary adamalysin-like enzyme of the metzincin clan. The functional role of this metalloproteinase in the bacilli cells is not clear. Analysis of the regulatory region of the mprBp gene showed [...] Read more.
The minor secreted proteinase of B. pumilus 3-19 MprBp classified as the unique bacillary adamalysin-like enzyme of the metzincin clan. The functional role of this metalloproteinase in the bacilli cells is not clear. Analysis of the regulatory region of the mprBp gene showed the presence of potential binding sites to the transcription regulatory factors Spo0A (sporulation) and DegU (biodegradation). The study of mprBp activity in mutant strains of B. subtilis defective in regulatory proteins of the Spo- and Deg-systems showed that the mprBp gene is partially controlled by the Deg-system of signal transduction and independent from the Spo-system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University)
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24 pages, 6340 KiB  
Article
Nanoscale Bilirubin Analysis in Translational Research and Precision Medicine by the Recombinant Protein HUG
by Paola Sist, Federica Tramer, Antonella Bandiera, Ranieri Urbani, Sara Redenšek Trampuž, Vita Dolžan and Sabina Passamonti
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(22), 16289; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216289 - 14 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 832
Abstract
Bilirubin is a toxicological biomarker for hemolysis and liver diseases. The current automated diazo method used in clinical chemistry has limited applicability in rodent models and cannot be used in small animals relevant to toxicology, microphysiological systems, cell cultures, and kinetic studies. Here, [...] Read more.
Bilirubin is a toxicological biomarker for hemolysis and liver diseases. The current automated diazo method used in clinical chemistry has limited applicability in rodent models and cannot be used in small animals relevant to toxicology, microphysiological systems, cell cultures, and kinetic studies. Here, we present a versatile fluorometric method for nanoscale analysis of bilirubin based on its highly specific binding to the recombinant bifunctional protein HELP–UnaG (HUG). The assay is sensitive (LoQ = 1.1 nM), accurate (4.5% relative standard error), and remarkably robust, allowing analysis at pH 7.4–9.5, T = 25–37 °C, in various buffers, and in the presence of 0.4–4 mg × L−1 serum albumin or 30% DMSO. It allows repeated measurements of bilirubinemia in murine models and small animals, fostering the 3Rs principle. The assay determines bilirubin in human plasma with a relative standard error of 6.7% at values that correlate and agree with the standard diazo method. Furthermore, it detects differences in human bilirubinemia related to sex and UGT1A1 polymorphisms, thus demonstrating its suitability for the uniform assessment of bilirubin at the nanoscale in translational and precision medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University)
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22 pages, 2824 KiB  
Article
Tuning the Envelope Structure of Enzyme Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification of Organophosphates
by Tatiana Pashirova, Zukhra Shaihutdinova, Dmitry Tatarinov, Milana Mansurova, Renata Kazakova, Andrei Bogdanov, Eric Chabrière, Pauline Jacquet, David Daudé, Almaz A. Akhunzianov, Regina R. Miftakhova and Patrick Masson
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(21), 15756; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115756 - 30 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1041
Abstract
Encapsulated phosphotriesterase nanoreactors show their efficacy in the prophylaxis and post-exposure treatment of poisoning by paraoxon. A new enzyme nanoreactor (E-nRs) containing an evolved multiple mutant (L72C/Y97F/Y99F/W263V/I280T) of Saccharolobus solfataricus phosphotriesterase (PTE) for in vivo detoxification of organophosphorous compounds (OP) was made. A [...] Read more.
Encapsulated phosphotriesterase nanoreactors show their efficacy in the prophylaxis and post-exposure treatment of poisoning by paraoxon. A new enzyme nanoreactor (E-nRs) containing an evolved multiple mutant (L72C/Y97F/Y99F/W263V/I280T) of Saccharolobus solfataricus phosphotriesterase (PTE) for in vivo detoxification of organophosphorous compounds (OP) was made. A comparison of nanoreactors made of three- and di-block copolymers was carried out. Two types of morphology nanoreactors made of di-block copolymers were prepared and characterized as spherical micelles and polymersomes with sizes of 40 nm and 100 nm, respectively. The polymer concentrations were varied from 0.1 to 0.5% (w/w) and enzyme concentrations were varied from 2.5 to 12.5 μM. In vivo experiments using E-nRs of diameter 106 nm, polydispersity 0.17, zeta-potential −8.3 mV, and loading capacity 15% showed that the detoxification efficacy against paraoxon was improved: the LD50 shift was 23.7xLD50 for prophylaxis and 8xLD50 for post-exposure treatment without behavioral alteration or functional physiological changes up to one month after injection. The pharmacokinetic profiles of i.v.-injected E-nRs made of three- and di-block copolymers were similar to the profiles of the injected free enzyme, suggesting partial enzyme encapsulation. Indeed, ELISA and Western blot analyses showed that animals developed an immune response against the enzyme. However, animals that received several injections did not develop iatrogenic symptoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University)
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18 pages, 2953 KiB  
Article
Unravelling the Therapeutic Potential of Antibiotics in Hypoxia in a Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cell Line Model
by Almaz A. Akhunzianov, Alfiya I. Nesterova, Sjoerd Wanrooij, Yulia V. Filina, Albert A. Rizvanov and Regina R. Miftakhova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(14), 11540; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411540 - 16 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1631
Abstract
Antibiotics inhibit breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) by suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis. However, the effectiveness of antibiotics in clinical settings is inconsistent. This inconsistency raises the question of whether the tumor microenvironment, particularly hypoxia, plays a role in the response to antibiotics. Therefore, the [...] Read more.
Antibiotics inhibit breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) by suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis. However, the effectiveness of antibiotics in clinical settings is inconsistent. This inconsistency raises the question of whether the tumor microenvironment, particularly hypoxia, plays a role in the response to antibiotics. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of five commonly used antibiotics for inhibiting CSCs under hypoxia using an MCF-7 cell line model. We assessed the number of CSCs through the mammosphere formation assay and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-bright cell count. Additionally, we examined the impact of antibiotics on the mitochondrial stress response and membrane potential. Furthermore, we analyzed the levels of proteins associated with therapeutic resistance. There was no significant difference in the number of CSCs between cells cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. However, hypoxia did affect the rate of CSC inhibition by antibiotics. Specifically, azithromycin was unable to inhibit sphere formation in hypoxia. Erythromycin and doxycycline did not reduce the ratio of ALDH-bright cells, despite decreasing the number of mammospheres. Furthermore, treatment with chloramphenicol, doxycycline, and tetracycline led to the overexpression of the breast cancer resistance protein. Our findings suggest that hypoxia may weaken the inhibitory effects of antibiotics on the breast cancer model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University)
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16 pages, 3435 KiB  
Article
Severity- and Time-Dependent Activation of Microglia in Spinal Cord Injury
by Elvira Ruslanovna Akhmetzyanova, Margarita Nikolaevna Zhuravleva, Anna Viktorovna Timofeeva, Leisan Gazinurovna Tazetdinova, Ekaterina Evgenevna Garanina, Albert Anatolevich Rizvanov and Yana Olegovna Mukhamedshina
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(9), 8294; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098294 - 05 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1580
Abstract
A spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a number of cascades of biochemical reactions and intercellular interactions, the outcome of which determines the regenerative potential of the nervous tissue and opens up capacities for preserving its functions. The key elements of the above-mentioned processes [...] Read more.
A spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a number of cascades of biochemical reactions and intercellular interactions, the outcome of which determines the regenerative potential of the nervous tissue and opens up capacities for preserving its functions. The key elements of the above-mentioned processes are microglia. Many assumptions have been put forward, and the first evidence has been obtained, suggesting that, depending on the severity of SCI and the post-traumatic period, microglia behave differently. In this regard, we conducted a study to assess the microglia behavior in the model of mild, moderate and severe SCI in vitro for various post-traumatic periods. We reported for the first time that microglia make a significant contribution to both anti- and pro-inflammatory patterns for a prolonged period after severe SCI (60 dpi), while reduced severities of SCI do not lead to prolonged activation of microglia. The study also revealed the following trend: the greater the severity of the SCI, the lower the proliferative and phagocytic activity of microglia, which is true for all post-traumatic periods of SCI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University)
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