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Biosynthesis and Regulatory Mechanism of Secondary Metabolites in Medicinal Plants 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 1039

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: medicinal plant; bioactive compound; biosynthetic pathway; noncoding RNA; transcription factor; genome; transcriptome; metabolome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Medicinal plants are an important resource for humans. However, compared with model systems and crops, the number of studies on medicinal plants has fallen far behind the amount of research conducted on other topics. Recently, with the increase in demand for medicinal plants and the development and application of high-throughput technologies, the research field of medicinal plants has rapidly expanded. Significant progress has been made in the genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics of medicinal plants. Numerous studies have contributed to the biosynthetic pathway of secondary metabolites, genes encoding key enzymes of the pathway, and the regulatory mechanisms of secondary metabolism. This enables the production of secondary metabolites through metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. Moreover, novel technologies and strategies are being developed and applied to this research field. This open access Special Issue of IJMS is devoted to publishing original research and review articles on medicinal plant studies, highlighting the recent advances in the biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms of secondary metabolites, particularly the significant discoveries from intensive studies, and the development and application of novel technologies. This Special Issue aims to provide an accessible collection of research that shares the latest innovative results from the research field of medicinal plants to aid further studies on secondary metabolism, medicinal plant improvement, and the production of functionally important secondary metabolites. 

Topics of this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • The genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics of medicinal plants;
  • The biosynthetic pathway of secondary metabolites;
  • Key enzyme genes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites;
  • The epigenetic regulation of secondary metabolism: microRNA, long noncoding RNA, DNA methylation, RNA methylation, etc.;
  • Transcription factor and regulatory network in medicinal plants;
  • The metabolic engineering and synthetic biology of secondary metabolites;
  • The application of high-throughput sequencing technologies;
  • Databases associated with the biosynthesis and regulation of secondary metabolites;
  • Novel technologies and strategies for secondary metabolism studies.

Prof. Dr. Shanfa Lu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • biosynthetic pathway
  • epigenetic regulation
  • high-throughput sequencing
  • medicinal plant
  • metabolic engineering
  • omics
  • regulatory mechanism
  • secondary metabolite
  • synthetic biology
  • transcription factor

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3653 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis of Salvia miltiorrhiza MicroRNAs Reveal the Negative Regulatory Role of Smi-miR159a in Phenolic Acid Biosynthesis
by Hong Zhou, Maochang Jiang, Jiang Li, Yayun Xu, Caili Li and Shanfa Lu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5148; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105148 (registering DOI) - 9 May 2024
Viewed by 121
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous small non-coding RNAs in plants. They play critical functions in various biological processes during plant growth and development. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal plant with significant medicinal, economic, and academic values. In order [...] Read more.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous small non-coding RNAs in plants. They play critical functions in various biological processes during plant growth and development. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal plant with significant medicinal, economic, and academic values. In order to elucidate the role of miRNAs in S. miltiorrhiza, six small RNA libraries from mature roots, young roots, stems, mature leaves, young leaves and flowers of S. miltiorrhiza and one degradome library from mixed tissues were constructed. A total of 184 miRNA precursors, generating 137 known and 49 novel miRNAs, were genome-widely identified. The identified miRNAs were predicted to play diversified regulatory roles in plants through regulating 891 genes. qRT-PCR and 5′ RLM-RACE assays validated the negative regulatory role of smi-miR159a in SmMYB62, SmMYB78, and SmMYB80. To elucidate the function of smi-miR159a in bioactive compound biosynthesis, smi-miR159a transgenic hairy roots were generated and analyzed. The results showed that overexpression of smi-miR159a caused a significant decrease in rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B contents. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the targets of smi-miR159a, including SmMYB62, SmMYB78, and SmMYB80, were significantly down-regulated, accompanied by the down-regulation of SmPAL1, SmC4H1, Sm4CL1, SmTAT1, SmTAT3, SmHPPR1, SmRAS, and SmCYP98A14 genes involved in phenolic acid biosynthesis. It suggests that smi-miR159a is a significant negative regulator of phenolic acid biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza. Full article
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13 pages, 5791 KiB  
Article
Functional Identification of HhUGT74AG11—A Key Glycosyltransferase Involved in Biosynthesis of Oleanane-Type Saponins in Hedera helix
by Han Yu, Jun Zhou, Jing Zhang, Xinyi He, Siqing Peng, Hao Ling, Zhuang Dong, Xiangyang Lu, Yun Tian, Guiping Guan, Qi Tang, Xiaohong Zhong and Yuedong He
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 4067; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25074067 - 5 Apr 2024
Viewed by 716
Abstract
Hedera helix is a traditional medicinal plant. Its primary active ingredients are oleanane-type saponins, which have extensive pharmacological effects such as gastric mucosal protection, autophagy regulation actions, and antiviral properties. However, the glycosylation-modifying enzymes responsible for catalyzing oleanane-type saponin biosynthesis remain unidentified. Through [...] Read more.
Hedera helix is a traditional medicinal plant. Its primary active ingredients are oleanane-type saponins, which have extensive pharmacological effects such as gastric mucosal protection, autophagy regulation actions, and antiviral properties. However, the glycosylation-modifying enzymes responsible for catalyzing oleanane-type saponin biosynthesis remain unidentified. Through transcriptome, cluster analysis, and PSPG structural domain, this study preliminarily screened four candidate UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), including Unigene26859, Unigene31717, CL11391.Contig2, and CL144.Contig9. In in vitro enzymatic reactions, it has been observed that Unigene26859 (HhUGT74AG11) has the ability to facilitate the conversion of oleanolic acid, resulting in the production of oleanolic acid 28-O-glucopyranosyl ester. Moreover, HhUGT74AG11 exhibits extensive substrate hybridity and specific stereoselectivity and can transfer glycosyl donors to the C-28 site of various oleanane-type triterpenoids (hederagenin and calenduloside E) and the C-7 site of flavonoids (tectorigenin). Cluster analysis found that HhUGT74AG11 is clustered together with functionally identified genes AeUGT74AG6, CaUGT74AG2, and PgUGT74AE2, further verifying the possible reason for HhUGT74AG11 catalyzing substrate generalization. In this study, a novel glycosyltransferase, HhUGT74AG11, was characterized that plays a role in oleanane-type saponins biosynthesis in H. helix, providing a theoretical basis for the production of rare and valuable triterpenoid saponins. Full article
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