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The Role of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Translational Clinical Research: From the Bench to Bedside

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 9222

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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology-INCLIVA, Service of Clinical Analysis, Dr. Peset University Hospital -FISABIO, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez 15, 36010 Valencia, Spain
Interests: oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and repair and its repair mechanisms in cardiometabolic and cancer diseases
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomedical research has spent decades, since the definition of oxidative stress, demonstrating the implications of the alterations in redox metabolism (oxi-reductive stress (ORS) in the physiopathogenesis of multiple diseases and even today the potential of their byproducts as clinical markers has not been successfully validated and thus poorly recognized by clinicians as such. A plethora of different ORS byproducts and selective methodologies are available which enables their assay with enough reproducibility, specificity and sensitivity. Among the oxidative stress markers are many molecules of diverse nature, such as lipid peroxides, oxidized proteins, antioxidants and even the modified bases of DNA and their repair systems, in addition to more recently discovered miRNAs and other related molecules. All of them have potential and should be useful to track different pathologies. However, they have not been commercialized by the pharmaceutical and chemical industry as laboratory tests for their clinical use in the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases. Undoubtedly, the link that remains to be chained in the transition process from the bench to the bedside depends on its evaluation and certification as a sanitary product by the competent institutions and thus, serving as a guide for the manufacturing companies. This space that remains to be covered requires and must go through the contribution of further research and the development of clinical trials with important cohorts that support the robustness of their conclusions.

Scope of the topic: Researchers in the field of experimental biomedicine. Study of oxy-ductive stress (ORS) markers and their validation as emerging clinical markers in cohorts of healthy population and patients with different pathologies.

Prof. Dr. Guillermo T. Sáez
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • DNA and repair systems
  • oxidative metabolism
  • lipid peroxides
  • enzymatic proteins
  • DNA damage

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2484 KiB  
Communication
Comparative Analysis of Chromatin-Delivered Biomarkers in the Monitoring of Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Pilot Study
by Jesús Beltrán-García, Juan J. Manclús, Eva M. García-López, Nieves Carbonell, José Ferreres, María Rodríguez-Gimillo, Concepción Garcés, Federico V. Pallardó, José L. García-Giménez, Ángel Montoya and Carlos Romá-Mateo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(18), 9935; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189935 - 14 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1772
Abstract
Sepsis management remains one of the most important challenges in modern clinical practice. Rapid progression from sepsis to septic shock is practically unpredictable, hence the critical need for sepsis biomarkers that can help clinicians in the management of patients to reduce the probability [...] Read more.
Sepsis management remains one of the most important challenges in modern clinical practice. Rapid progression from sepsis to septic shock is practically unpredictable, hence the critical need for sepsis biomarkers that can help clinicians in the management of patients to reduce the probability of a fatal outcome. Circulating nucleoproteins released during the inflammatory response to infection, including neutrophil extracellular traps, nucleosomes, and histones, and nuclear proteins like HMGB1, have been proposed as markers of disease progression since they are related to inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial damage, and impairment of the coagulation response, among other pathological features. The aim of this work was to evaluate the actual potential for decision making/outcome prediction of the most commonly proposed chromatin-related biomarkers (i.e., nucleosomes, citrullinated H3, and HMGB1). To do this, we compared different ELISA measuring methods for quantifying plasma nucleoproteins in a cohort of critically ill patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock compared to nonseptic patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), as well as to healthy subjects. Our results show that all studied biomarkers can be used to monitor sepsis progression, although they vary in their effectiveness to separate sepsis and septic shock patients. Our data suggest that HMGB1/citrullinated H3 determination in plasma is potentially the most promising clinical tool for the monitoring and stratification of septic patients. Full article
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28 pages, 3894 KiB  
Article
Low-Intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Promotes Bladder Regeneration and Improves Overactive Bladder Induced by Ovarian Hormone Deficiency from Rat Animal Model to Human Clinical Trial
by Kun-Ling Lin, Jian-He Lu, Kuang-Shun Chueh, Tai-Jui Juan, Bin-Nan Wu, Shu-Mien Chuang, Yung-Chin Lee, Mei-Chen Shen, Cheng-Yu Long and Yung-Shun Juan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(17), 9296; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179296 - 27 Aug 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3619
Abstract
Postmenopausal women with ovary hormone deficiency (OHD) are subject to overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. The present study attempted to elucidate whether low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LiESWT) alters bladder angiogenesis, decreases inflammatory response, and ameliorates bladder hyperactivity to influence bladder function in OHD-induced [...] Read more.
Postmenopausal women with ovary hormone deficiency (OHD) are subject to overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. The present study attempted to elucidate whether low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LiESWT) alters bladder angiogenesis, decreases inflammatory response, and ameliorates bladder hyperactivity to influence bladder function in OHD-induced OAB in human clinical trial and rat model. The ovariectomized (OVX) for 12 months Sprague–Dawley rat model mimicking the physiological condition of menopause was utilized to induce OAB and assess the potential therapeutic mechanism of LiESWT (0.12 mJ/mm2, 300 pulses, and 3 pulses/second). The randomized, single-blinded clinical trial was enrolled 58 participants to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of LiESWT (0.25 mJ/mm2, 3000 pulses, 3 pulses/second) on postmenopausal women with OAB. The results revealed that 8 weeks’ LiESWT inhibited interstitial fibrosis, promoted cell proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis protein expression, and elevated the protein phosphorylation of ErK1/2, P38, and Akt, leading to decreased urinary frequency, nocturia, urgency, urgency incontinence, and post-voided residual urine volume, but increased voided urine volume and the maximal flow rate of postmenopausal participants. In conclusion, LiESWT attenuated inflammatory responses, increased angiogenesis, and promoted proliferation and differentiation, thereby improved OAB symptoms, thereafter promoting social activity and the quality of life of postmenopausal participants. Full article
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15 pages, 2245 KiB  
Article
The Effectiveness of Glutathione Redox Status as a Possible Tumor Marker in Colorectal Cancer
by Delia Acevedo-León, Lidia Monzó-Beltrán, Segundo Ángel Gómez-Abril, Nuria Estañ-Capell, Natalia Camarasa-Lillo, Marisa Luisa Pérez-Ebri, Jorge Escandón-Álvarez, Eulalia Alonso-Iglesias, Marisa Luisa Santaolaria-Ayora, Araceli Carbonell-Moncho, Josep Ventura-Gayete, Luis Pla, Maria Carmen Martínez-Bisbal, Ramón Martínez-Máñez, Leticia Bagán-Debón, Aurora Viña-Almunia, M. Amparo Martínez-Santamaría, María Ruiz-Luque, Jorge Alonso-Fernández, Celia Bañuls and Guillermo Sáezadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(12), 6183; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126183 - 08 Jun 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3073
Abstract
The role of oxidative stress (OS) in cancer is a matter of great interest due to the implication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their oxidation products in the initiation of tumorigenesis, its progression, and metastatic dissemination. Great efforts have been made to [...] Read more.
The role of oxidative stress (OS) in cancer is a matter of great interest due to the implication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their oxidation products in the initiation of tumorigenesis, its progression, and metastatic dissemination. Great efforts have been made to identify the mechanisms of ROS-induced carcinogenesis; however, the validation of OS byproducts as potential tumor markers (TMs) remains to be established. This interventional study included a total of 80 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 60 controls. By measuring reduced glutathione (GSH), its oxidized form (GSSG), and the glutathione redox state in terms of the GSSG/GSH ratio in the serum of CRC patients, we identified significant changes as compared to healthy subjects. These findings are compatible with the effectiveness of glutathione as a TM. The thiol redox state showed a significant increase towards oxidation in the CRC group and correlated significantly with both the tumor state and the clinical evolution. The sensitivity and specificity of serum glutathione levels are far above those of the classical TMs CEA and CA19.9. We conclude that the GSSG/GSH ratio is a simple assay which could be validated as a novel clinical TM for the diagnosis and monitoring of CRC. Full article
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