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Fatigue and Motor Performance: A Way to Understand How the Human Body Adapts to Exercise

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A special issue of Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (ISSN 2411-5142). This special issue belongs to the section "Functional Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 12590

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Helmi Chaabene

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14467 Potsdam, Germany
Interests: youth athletes; youth sports; sport and exercise physiology; fitness testing; exercise prescription; martial arts; plyometric training; resistance training; training load
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Olaf Prieske

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Guest Editor

Division of Exercise and Movement, University of Applied Sciences for Sport and Management Potsdam, Am Luftschiffhafen 1, 14471 Potsdam, Germany
Interests: exercise science; strength training; applied neuromuscular physiology; biomechanics; youth athletes; workforce

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is well-accepted that sustained activity (e.g., physical exercise) can cause fatigue in humans. In this regard, fatigue is defined as a symptom that can limit physical and cognitive function based on the interdependent attributes of performance fatigability and perceived fatigability. Understanding the effects of different exercise modalities has been a fascinating topic for researchers and practitioners in disciplines, such as exercise physiology, clinical medicine, or psychology. However, there is a considerable gap in the literature regarding the underlying fatigue mechanisms in different populations and settings (e.g., sports and clinical). The purpose of this Special Issue is to substantiate the existing literature on the mechanistic factors most responsible for developing attributes of fatigability. Additionally, in this Special Issue, we encourage authors to submit innovative studies examining the contributions of modulating factors such as age, sex, maturity status, or training status on the effects of fatigue protocols on motor performance. Moreover, we encourage submitting manuscripts providing novel insight into fatigue effects, and their practical implications in relation to the working muscles and rested muscle groups.

Dr. Helmi Chaabene
Prof. Dr. Olaf Prieske
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Neuromusclular fatigue
Performance fatigability
Perceived fatigability
Training load
Exercise modality
Maturation
Gender
Crossover fatigue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1936 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of Physical Load on Dynamic Postural Control—A Systematic Replication Study

by Jessica Heil, Sarah Schulte and Dirk Büsch

J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2020, 5(4), 100; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5040100 - 21 Dec 2020

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2602

Abstract

Dynamic postural control is challenged during many actions in sport such as when landing or cutting. A decrease of dynamic postural control is one possible risk factor for non-contact injuries. Moreover, these injuries mainly occur under loading conditions. Hence, to assess an athlete’s injury risk properly, it is essential to know how dynamic postural control is influenced by physical load. Therefore, the study’s objective was to examine the influence of maximal anaerobic load on dynamic postural control. Sixty-four sport students (32 males and 32 females, age: 24.11 ± 2.42, height: 175.53 ± 8.17 cm, weight: 67.16 ± 10.08 kg) were tested with the Y-Balance Test before and after a Wingate Anaerobic Test on a bicycle ergometer. In both legs, reach distances (anterior) and composite scores were statistically significantly reduced immediately after the loading protocol. The values almost returned to pre-load levels in about 20 min post-load. Overall, findings indicate an acute negative effect of load on dynamic postural control and a higher potential injury risk during a period of about 20 min post-load. To assess an athlete’s sports-specific injury risk, we recommend testing dynamic postural control under loaded conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue and Motor Performance: A Way to Understand How the Human Body Adapts to Exercise)

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12 pages, 1117 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preliminary Study of the Effects of Eccentric-Overload Resistance Exercise on Physical Function and Torque Capacity in Chronic Kidney Disease

by Jared M. Gollie, Samir S. Patel, Joel D. Scholten and Michael O. Harris-Love

J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2020, 5(4), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5040097 - 18 Dec 2020

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2525

Abstract

The purpose of this preliminary study was to describe changes in physical function and torque capacity in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in response to a novel progressive eccentric-overload resistance exercise (ERE) regime. Participants included men (n = 4) diagnosed with CKD according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 59 and 15 mL/kg/1.73 m² and not requiring dialysis. Physical function was determined by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), five repetitions of a sit-to-stand (STS) task, and timed-up and go (TUG). Knee extensor strength was assessed using both isometric and isokinetic contractions and performance fatigability indexes were calculated during a 30-s maximal isometric test and a 30-contraction isokinetic test at 180°/second. None of the patients exhibited significant worsening in their health status after training. Participants demonstrated improvements in several measures of physical function and torque capacity following 24 sessions of ERE. Following training, performance fatigability remained relatively stable despite the increases in torque capacity, indicating the potential for greater fatigue resistance. These findings provide initial evidence for ERE as a potential treatment option to combat declines in physical function and neuromuscular impairments in people with CKD. Future research is required to determine optimal progression strategies for maximizing specific neuromuscular and functional outcomes when using ERE in this patient population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue and Motor Performance: A Way to Understand How the Human Body Adapts to Exercise)

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13 pages, 1568 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The First Lactate Threshold Is a Limit for Heavy Occupational Work

by Patrick Fasching, Stefan Rinnerhofer, Georg Wultsch, Philipp Birnbaumer and Peter Hofmann

J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2020, 5(3), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5030066 - 25 Aug 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2993

Abstract

Long-term heavy physical work often leads to early retirement and disability pension due to chronic overload, with a need to define upper limits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of the first lactate threshold (LTP₁) as a physiological marker for heavy occupational work. A total of 188 male and 52 female workers performed an incremental cycle ergometer test to determine maximal exercise performance and the first and second lactate (LTP₁; LTP₂) and ventilatory thresholds (VT₁; VT₂). Heart rate (HR) recordings were obtained during one eight-hour shift (HR_8h) and oxygen uptake was measured during 20 minutes of a representative work phase. Energy expenditure (EE) was calculated from gas-exchange measures. Maximal power output (P_max), maximal oxygen consumption (VO_{2 max}) and power output at LTP₁ and LTP₂ were significantly different between male and female workers. HR_8h was not significantly different between male and female workers. A significant relationship was found between P_max and power output at LTP₁. HR_8h as a percentage of maximum HR significantly declined with increasing performance (P_max:r = −0.56; p < 0.01; P_LTP1:r = −0.49; p < 0.01). Despite different cardio-respiratory fitness-levels; 95.4% of all workers performed their usual work below LTP₁. It is therefore suggested that LTP₁ represents the upper limit for sustained heavy occupational work; which supports its use to determine work capability and assessing the limits of heavy occupational work. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue and Motor Performance: A Way to Understand How the Human Body Adapts to Exercise)

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Review

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14 pages, 545 KiB

Open AccessReview

Fatigability and Cardiorespiratory Impairments in Parkinson’s Disease: Potential Non-Motor Barriers to Activity Performance

by Andrew E. Pechstein, Jared M. Gollie and Andrew A. Guccione

J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2020, 5(4), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5040078 - 31 Oct 2020

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3818

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative condition after Alzheimer’s disease, affecting an estimated 160 per 100,000 people 65 years of age or older. Fatigue is a debilitating non-motor symptom frequently reported in PD, often manifesting prior to disease diagnosis, persisting over time, and negatively affecting quality of life. Fatigability, on the other hand, is distinct from fatigue and describes the magnitude or rate of change over time in the performance of activity (i.e., performance fatigability) and sensations regulating the integrity of the performer (i.e., perceived fatigability). While fatigability has been relatively understudied in PD as compared to fatigue, it has been hypothesized that the presence of elevated levels of fatigability in PD results from the interactions of homeostatic, psychological, and central factors. Evidence from exercise studies supports the premise that greater disturbances in metabolic homeostasis may underly elevated levels of fatigability in people with PD when engaging in physical activity. Cardiorespiratory impairments constraining oxygen delivery and utilization may contribute to the metabolic alterations and excessive fatigability experienced in individuals with PD. Cardiorespiratory fitness is often reduced in people with PD, likely due to the combined effects of biological aging and impairments specific to the disease. Decreases in oxygen delivery (e.g., reduced cardiac output and impaired blood pressure responses) and oxygen utilization (e.g., reduced skeletal muscle oxidative capacity) compromise skeletal muscle respiration, forcing increased reliance on anaerobic metabolism. Thus, the assessment of fatigability in people with PD may provide valuable information regarding the functional status of people with PD not obtained with measures of fatigue. Moreover, interventions that target cardiorespiratory fitness may improve fatigability, movement performance, and health outcomes in this patient population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue and Motor Performance: A Way to Understand How the Human Body Adapts to Exercise)

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