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Life
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Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Tumour Cells
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Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Tumour Cells

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Radiobiology and Nuclear Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 October 2022) | Viewed by 5554

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Angelica Facoetti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (Fondazione CNAO), 27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: radiobiology; hadrontherapy; migration; cell biology; cell signalling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The study of the action of ionizing radiation on cells represents the platform for translation of basic research into clinical radiation oncology. Indeed, a solid understanding of the interaction between ionizing radiation and normal or tumor cells is a mandatory step for the comprehension and development of new radiotherapeutic approaches. We seek the submission of original research papers and reviews of this topic which provide an overview of the status of research on both basic and applied aspects of radiobiology. In particular, the aim is to focus on current developments and cutting-edge research in the field of modern cell radiobiology, with particular attention to the impressive wave of innovation and progress that has characterized the recent years of radiation oncology and radiotherapy.

Topics of interest could include, but are not limited to, particle radiotherapy, BNCT, novel cell and animal models for radiobiology research, flash radiotherapy, dose rate effects, oxygen effects, senescence, cell–cell interaction, cancer stem cells, radiosensitizers and radioprotectors, combination treatments, bystander effects, immune radiobiology, and the tumor microenvironment. We also welcome manuscripts related to biophysical models of ionizing radiation interactions with cells.

Dr. Angelica Facoetti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • radiobiology
  • particle radiotherapy
  • radioresistance
  • BNCT
  • immune-radiobiology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3168 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Effects of Photon Beam and Carbon Ion Radiotherapy on the Perineural Invasion of Two Cell Lines of Neurotropic Tumours
by Alexandra Charalampopoulou, Amelia Barcellini, Giuseppe Emanuele Frittitta, Giorgia Fulgini, Giovanni Battista Ivaldi, Giuseppe Magro, Marco Liotta, Ester Orlandi, Marco Giuseppe Pullia, Paola Tabarelli de Fatis and Angelica Facoetti
Life 2023, 13(3), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13030794 - 15 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1493
Abstract
Primary mucosal melanoma (PMM) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are two aggressive malignancies, characterized by intrinsic radio-chemoresistance and neurotropism, a histological feature resulting in frequent perineural invasion (PNI), supported by neurotrophic factors secreted in the tumour microenvironment (TME), such as neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). Carbon-ion [...] Read more.
Primary mucosal melanoma (PMM) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are two aggressive malignancies, characterized by intrinsic radio-chemoresistance and neurotropism, a histological feature resulting in frequent perineural invasion (PNI), supported by neurotrophic factors secreted in the tumour microenvironment (TME), such as neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) could represent an effective option in unresectable PMM and PDAC. Only a few data about the effects of CIRT on PNI in relation to NT-3 are available in the literature, despite the numerous pieces of evidence revealing the peculiar effects of this type of radiation on tumour cell migration. This in vitro study investigated for the first time the response of PMM and PDAC cells to NT-3 and evaluated the effects of conventional photon beam radiotherapy (XRT) and CIRT on cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Our results demonstrated the greater capacity of C-ions to generally decrease cell viability, proliferation, and migration, while the addition of NT-3 after both types of irradiation determined an increase in these features, maintaining a dose-dependent trend and acting more effectively as a chemoattractant than inductor in the case of migration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Tumour Cells)
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14 pages, 2675 KiB  
Article
Radiomics from Various Tumour Volume Sizes for Prognosis Prediction of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Voted Ensemble Machine Learning Approach
by Fuk-Hay Tang, Eva-Yi-Wah Cheung, Hiu-Lam Wong, Chun-Ming Yuen, Man-Hei Yu and Pui-Ching Ho
Life 2022, 12(9), 1380; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12091380 - 5 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1755
Abstract
Background: Traditionally, cancer prognosis was determined by tumours size, lymph node spread and presence of metastasis (TNM staging). Radiomics of tumour volume has recently been used for prognosis prediction. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of various sizes of tumour volume. [...] Read more.
Background: Traditionally, cancer prognosis was determined by tumours size, lymph node spread and presence of metastasis (TNM staging). Radiomics of tumour volume has recently been used for prognosis prediction. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of various sizes of tumour volume. A voted ensemble approach with a combination of multiple machine learning algorithms is proposed for prognosis prediction for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: A total of 215 HNSCC CT image sets with radiotherapy structure sets were acquired from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). Six tumour volumes, including gross tumour volume (GTV), diminished GTV, extended GTV, planning target volume (PTV), diminished PTV and extended PTV were delineated. The extracted radiomics features were analysed by decision tree, random forest, extreme boost, support vector machine and generalized linear algorithms. A voted ensemble machine learning (VEML) model that optimizes the above algorithms was used. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) were used to compare the performance of machine learning methods, including accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. Results: The VEML model demonstrated good prognosis prediction ability for all sizes of tumour volumes with reference to GTV and PTV with high accuracy of up to 88.3%, sensitivity of up to 79.9% and specificity of up to 96.6%. There was no significant difference between the various target volumes for the prognostic prediction of HNSCC patients (chi-square test, p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the proposed VEML model can accurately predict the prognosis of HNSCC patients using radiomics features from various tumour volumes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Tumour Cells)
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Review

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19 pages, 657 KiB  
Review
Particle Therapy: Clinical Applications and Biological Effects
by Viktoriia Kiseleva, Konstantin Gordon, Polina Vishnyakova, Elena Gantsova, Andrey Elchaninov and Timur Fatkhudinov
Life 2022, 12(12), 2071; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122071 - 9 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1823
Abstract
Particle therapy is a developing area of radiotherapy, mostly involving the use of protons, neutrons and carbon ions for cancer treatment. The reduction of side effects on healthy tissues in the peritumoral area is an important advantage of particle therapy. In this review, [...] Read more.
Particle therapy is a developing area of radiotherapy, mostly involving the use of protons, neutrons and carbon ions for cancer treatment. The reduction of side effects on healthy tissues in the peritumoral area is an important advantage of particle therapy. In this review, we analyze state-of-the-art particle therapy, as compared to conventional photon therapy, to identify clinical benefits and specify the mechanisms of action on tumor cells. Systematization of published data on particle therapy confirms its successful application in a wide range of cancers and reveals a variety of biological effects which manifest at the molecular level and produce the particle therapy-specific molecular signatures. Given the rapid progress in the field, the use of particle therapy holds great promise for the near future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Tumour Cells)
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