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Machines
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Advanced Engine Energy Saving Technology
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Advanced Engine Energy Saving Technology

A special issue of Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This special issue belongs to the section "Electromechanical Energy Conversion Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2024 | Viewed by 1715

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Simeon Iliev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engines and Vehicle, University of Ruse, 8 Studentska Street, 7017 Ruse, Bulgaria
Interests: alternative fuels and additives; internal combustion engines; engine simulation; engine emissions; alternative energy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The main problems facing humanity are related to the demand for energy, the increase in pollutants, especially in large cities, the increase in the population of the Earth, and the urbanization related to this. Solving some of these problems is directly related to the use of engine-energy-saving technology, since the transport sector is one of the global energy consumers, which is also a generator of CO2 The combination of different energy sources and technologies is key to reducing energy consumption and pollution caused by means of transport.

This Special Issue aims to cover topics related to mathematical modeling, optimization, and numerical methods aimed at improving the efficiency and engines used in vehicles. Envisaged applications include internal combustion engines, alternative engines, engines working using alternative fuels and additives, and energy-saving technologies in engines.

Prof. Dr. Simeon Iliev
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Machines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • internal combustion engines
  • alternative fuels and additives
  • engine modeling and simulations
  • energy-saving technologies in engines
  • engine emissions
  • engine optimization
  • reducing engine pollution

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 1504 KiB  
Article
Mild Hybrid Powertrain for Mitigating Loss of Volumetric Efficiency and Improving Fuel Economy of Gasoline Vehicles Converted to Hydrogen Fueling
by Sebastian Bibiloni, Adrian Irimescu, Santiago Martinez-Boggio, Simona Merola and Pedro Curto-Risso
Machines 2024, 12(6), 355; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12060355 (registering DOI) - 21 May 2024
Viewed by 67
Abstract
The pursuit of sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation has led to the exploration of alternative fuel sources, among which hydrogen stands out prominently. This work delves into the potential of hydrogen fuel for internal combustion engines (ICEs), emphasizing its capacity to ensure the [...] Read more.
The pursuit of sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation has led to the exploration of alternative fuel sources, among which hydrogen stands out prominently. This work delves into the potential of hydrogen fuel for internal combustion engines (ICEs), emphasizing its capacity to ensure the required performance levels while concurrently enhancing overall efficiency. The integration of a mild hybrid powertrain in a small size passenger car was considered for obtaining a twofold advantage: mitigating power loss due to low volumetric efficiency and increasing fuel economy. A comprehensive approach combining 0D/1D modeling simulations and experimental validations was employed on a gasoline-powered small size ICE, considering its conversion to hydrogen, and mild hybridization. Vehicle simulations were performed in AVL Cruise M and validated against experimental data. Various electric motors were scrutinized for a small size battery pack typical of mild hybrid vehicles. Furthermore, the paper assesses the potential range achievable with the hydrogen-powered hybrid vehicle and compares it with the range reported by the manufacturer for the original gasoline and pure electric version. In terms of global results, these modifications were found to successfully improve efficiency compared to baseline gasoline and hydrogen fueling. Additionally, performance gains were achieved, surpassing the capabilities of the original gasoline vehicle despite its intrinsic volumetric efficiency limitations when using hydrogen. Along with the conversion to hydrogen and thus zero-carbon tail-pipe emissions, incorporating a Start/Stop system, and the integration of mild hybrid technology with energy recuperation during braking, overall efficiency was enhanced by up to 30% during urban use. Furthermore, the hybridization implemented in the H2 version allows an autonomy comparable to that of the electric vehicle but with evident shorter refilling times. Specific aspects of the 48 V battery management are also scrutinized. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engine Energy Saving Technology)
15 pages, 9284 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Investigation into the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Fueled with Isopropanol Gasoline Blends
by Simeon Iliev, Zdravko Ivanov, Radostin Dimitrov, Veselin Mihaylov, Daniel Ivanov, Stoyan Stoyanov and Slavena Atanasova
Machines 2023, 11(12), 1062; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11121062 - 29 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1119
Abstract
Propanol isomers, which are oxygen-rich fuels, possess superior octane ratings and energy density in comparison to methanol and ethanol. Recently, due to advancements in fermentation techniques, these propanol isomers have garnered increased interest as additives for engines. They are being explored to decrease [...] Read more.
Propanol isomers, which are oxygen-rich fuels, possess superior octane ratings and energy density in comparison to methanol and ethanol. Recently, due to advancements in fermentation techniques, these propanol isomers have garnered increased interest as additives for engines. They are being explored to decrease emissions and reduce the usage of conventional fossil fuels. This study delves into this emerging field. One of the alternatives is the use of alcohol fuels in their pure state or as additives to traditional fuels. Alcohols, due to their higher volumetric energy density, are better fuels for spark ignition engines than hydrogen and biogas. Alcohol-blended fuels or alcohol fuels in their pure state may be used in gasoline engines to reduce exhaust emissions. The current research emphasizes the effect of isopropanol gasoline blends on the performance and emissions characteristics of a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine. This investigation was conducted with different blends of isopropanol and gasoline (by volume: 10% isopropanol [IP10], 20% isopropanol [IP10], 30% isopropanol [IP30], 40% isopropanol [IP40], and 50% isopropanol [IP50]). The reviewed results showed that with increasing isopropanol in the fuel blends, engine brake power increased while BSFC decreased. In terms of emissions, with the increase in isopropanol in the fuel blends, CO and HC emissions decreased while CO2 and NOx emissions increased. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engine Energy Saving Technology)
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