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Recent Advances and Emerging Challenges in Functional Coatings
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Recent Advances and Emerging Challenges in Functional Coatings

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Thin Films and Interfaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2024 | Viewed by 2313

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessia Serena Perna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
Interests: thermal spray, cold spray, additive manufacturing, fiber-reinforced composites, metal matrix composites, metal foams, material testing, functional materials
Dr. Antonio Viscusi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Interests: manufacturing processes of composites; novel composite structures; 3D-printing of polymer matrix composites; hybridization of composites; metallization of composite materials; sandwich structures; design and characterization; finite element analysis of processes and products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increasingly advanced technological applications have led to the development of new classes of materials, whose properties are fully tailored to the requirements of utilization. Above all, the necessity for components whose characteristics vary from the bulk to the surface has arisen. As a result, the functionalization of surfaces has become a prominent challenge in both academic research and the industrial landscape. The term "surface functionalization" refers to the act of changing the biological, chemical, or physical qualities of a surface enhancing its ability to interact with the surrounding environment. While conventional coatings merely protect or alter the surface appearance, the requisite of multiple synergistic properties has led to the development of "functional coatings". 

In order to push the boundaries of knowledge concerning the present techniques, materials, and applications of functional coatings, the purpose of this Special Issue is to address obstacles and critical topics to advance the state of the art of theoretical, numerical, and experimental methodologies. Topics that could be covered include, but are not limited to:

  • Advancement in coating processes and technologies;
  • Novel coating application techniques;
  • Deployment of analytical instruments in coating manufacturing;
  • Development of novel coatings materials.

Dr. Alessia Serena Perna
Dr. Antonio Viscusi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • surface treatments technologies
  • functional coatings
  • sustainable coatings
  • cold spray
  • HVAF
  • HVOF
  • weld arc
  • oxidation
  • plasma spray
  • surface modification

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1457 KiB  
Article
Reduction in Powder Wall Friction by an a-C:H:Si Film
by Christof Lanzerstorfer, Christian Forsich, Francisco Delfin, Manuel C. J. Schachinger and Daniel Heim
Materials 2024, 17(10), 2421; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102421 - 17 May 2024
Viewed by 140
Abstract
The wall friction angle is an important parameter in powder flow. In a recent study for various powders, a reduction in the wall friction angle for steel was demonstrated by the application of an a-C:H:Si film on the steel surface. This work presents [...] Read more.
The wall friction angle is an important parameter in powder flow. In a recent study for various powders, a reduction in the wall friction angle for steel was demonstrated by the application of an a-C:H:Si film on the steel surface. This work presents the results of a study of this effect in more detail regarding the influence of the powder material, the wall normal stress and the particle size of the powder for mass median diameters from 4 µm to approximately 150 µm. The wall friction angles were measured using a Schulze ring shear tester for three different powder materials: aluminum oxide, calcium carbonate and silicon carbide. The results showed little difference with respect to powder chemistry. For the coarser powders, the reduction in the wall friction angle due to the a-C:H:Si coating was highest (10° to 12°) and rather stress-independent, while for the fine and medium-size powders the reduction was lower and stress-dependent. With increasing wall normal stress, the reduction in the wall friction angle increased. These results can be explained by the friction reduction mechanism of a-C:H:Si, which requires a certain contact pressure for superficial graphitization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances and Emerging Challenges in Functional Coatings)
17 pages, 4255 KiB  
Article
Correlation between the Chemical Structure of (Meth)Acrylic Monomers and the Properties of Powder Clear Coatings Based on the Polyacrylate Resins
by Katarzyna Pojnar and Barbara Pilch-Pitera
Materials 2024, 17(7), 1655; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071655 - 3 Apr 2024
Viewed by 603
Abstract
This paper presents studies on the influence of the chemical structure of (meth)acrylic monomers on the properties of powder coatings based on polyacrylate resins. For this purpose, a wide range of monomers were selected—2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), n-butyl acrylate ( [...] Read more.
This paper presents studies on the influence of the chemical structure of (meth)acrylic monomers on the properties of powder coatings based on polyacrylate resins. For this purpose, a wide range of monomers were selected—2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), n-butyl acrylate (nBA), tert-butyl acrylate (tBA), dodecyl acrylate (DA), ethyl acrylate (EA) and benzyl acrylate (BAZ)—for the synthesis of the polyacrylate resin. The average molecular mass and molecular mass distribution of the synthesized resins were measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The glass transition temperature (Tg) and viscosity of polyacrylate resins were determined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a Brookfield viscometer. These parameters were necessary to obtain information about storage stability and behavior during the application of powder clear coatings. Additionally, DSC was also used to checked the course of the low-temperature curing reaction between the hydroxyl group contained in the polyacrylate resin and the blocked polyisocyanate group derived from a commercial agent such as Vestanat B 1358/100. The properties of the cured powder clear coatings were tested, such as: roughness, gloss, adhesion to the steel surface, hardness, cupping, scratch resistance, impact resistance and water contact angle. The best powder clear coating based on the polyacrylate resin L_HEMA/6MMA/0.5nBA/0.5DA was characterized as having good scratch resistance (550 g) and adhesion to the steel surface, a high water contact angle (93.53 deg.) and excellent cupping (13.38 mm). Moreover, its crosslinking density (CD) and its thermal stability was checked by using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances and Emerging Challenges in Functional Coatings)
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17 pages, 13721 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Characterization of Multilayer NiTi Coatings by a Thermal Plasma Process
by Sneha Samal, Jakub Zeman, Stanislav Habr, Oliva Pacherová, Jaromír Kopeček and Petr Šittner
Materials 2024, 17(3), 694; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17030694 - 1 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 577
Abstract
The deposition of multilayer coating of NiTi is carried out by a thermal plasma spraying process on a stainless steel substrate. The deposition of melted NiTi particles creates an adhesion layer on the substrate with the subsequent formation of multilayer coating with a [...] Read more.
The deposition of multilayer coating of NiTi is carried out by a thermal plasma spraying process on a stainless steel substrate. The deposition of melted NiTi particles creates an adhesion layer on the substrate with the subsequent formation of multilayer coating with a certain thickness. Six layers of coating are created to achieve a certain thickness in terms of the sprayed sample. This paper aims to investigate multilayer NiTi coatings created through a thermal plasma process. The key variable feed rate was considered, as well as its effect on the microstructure characteristics. The shape memory effect associated with the coating properties was analyzed in detail. The variable feed rate was considered one of the most important parameters in the thermal plasma spraying process due to its ability to control the quality and compactness of the coating structure. The coatings were characterized by examining their microstructure, thermal, chemical, and microhardness. The indent marks were made/realized along the cross-section surface for the analysis of crack propagation resistance and wear properties. The coating’s surface did not display segmentation crack lines. Nevertheless, the cross-sectional surfaces showed evidence of crack lines. There were eutectic zones of the interlamellar structure observed in the structure of the coating. The plasma-sprayed samples from thermo-mechanical analysis of the hysteresis curve provide strong confirmation of the shape memory effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances and Emerging Challenges in Functional Coatings)
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14 pages, 3653 KiB  
Article
Development of Multifunctional Hybrid Coatings (Mechanically Resistant and Hydrophobic) Using Methyltrimethoxysilane–Diethoxydimethylsilane–Tetraethoxysilane Mixed Systems
by Charlène Pellegrini, Sandrine Duluard, Marie Gressier, Viviane Turq, Florence Ansart and Marie-Joëlle Menu
Materials 2024, 17(2), 368; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17020368 - 11 Jan 2024
Viewed by 591
Abstract
For many industrial applications, the simultaneous presence in a material of different functional properties is necessary. The main interest lies in making a single material more versatile and durable, less fragile and more efficient. In this study, two concomitant properties in the same [...] Read more.
For many industrial applications, the simultaneous presence in a material of different functional properties is necessary. The main interest lies in making a single material more versatile and durable, less fragile and more efficient. In this study, two concomitant properties in the same material were mainly studied: resistance to cracking and the increase in its hydrophobic properties. The chosen process was the sol-gel route due to its versatility and the ease of formulating materials from various precursors in order to obtain (multi)functional materials. In this paper, sol-gel coatings were prepared with tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane and diethoxydimethylsilane as precursors. Tetraethoxysilane was mainly used to improve the material’s mechanical properties, especially hardness, and silicon oil was added to improve its hydrophobic behavior. The integration of silicon oil was monitored via 29Si NMR. Microstructural characterizations were carried out to correlate the multi-scale properties with the microstructure of the derived films. Young’s modulus and hardness were measured to highlight the effect of key formulation parameters on the mechanical strength of the coatings. The synergistic effect of these precursors is underlined as well as the beneficial effect of silicon oil (generated in situ or precondensed). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances and Emerging Challenges in Functional Coatings)
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